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林业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (7): 115-122.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200712

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同年龄刺槐枝、干和根的物理力学性质对比

杨茂林1,冀晓东1,*,孙恒1,丛旭1,杨光2,侯凯1,任一凡1   

  1. 1. 北京林业大学水土保持学院 北京市水土保持工程技术研究中心 北京 100083
    2. 河南省电力勘测设计院海外事业部 郑州 450007
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-22 出版日期:2020-07-25 发布日期:2020-08-11
  • 通讯作者: 冀晓东
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目"风荷载作用下林木的力学响应"(31570708)

Comparation on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Branches, Stems and Roots of Robinia pseudoacacia at Different Ages

Maolin Yang1,Xiaodong Ji1,*,Heng Sun1,Xu Cong1,Guang Yang2,Kai Hou1,Yifan Ren1   

  1. 1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing 100083
    2. Overseas Business Department of Henan Electric Power Survey and Design Institute Zhengzhou 450007
  • Received:2018-01-22 Online:2020-07-25 Published:2020-08-11
  • Contact: Xiaodong Ji

摘要:

目的: 研究不同年龄刺槐枝、干和根的物理力学性质差异,为提升其附加价值及其资源综合利用率提供理论支持和试验依据。方法: 测定不同年龄刺槐枝、干和根的密度、顺纹抗压强度、抗弯强度和抗弯弹性模量4项物理力学性质,利用SEM图像和化学成分解释枝、干和根间强度差异的原因。结果: 同株刺槐气干密度枝>干>根,随年龄增大,枝、干和根密度呈增大趋势,但增大幅度减小;刺槐枝气干密度略高于中等密度,干和根气干密度属于中等密度;同株刺槐枝、干和根顺纹抗压强度、抗弯强度和抗弯弹性模量从大到小依次为干>枝>根,随年龄增大,枝、干和根顺纹抗压强度、抗弯强度和抗弯弹性模量呈增大趋势,但增大幅度减小。纤维素含量与力学强度呈正相关,木质素含量与力学强度呈负相关。刺槐根纤维素含量大于枝和干。结论: 10年生以上刺槐,干可作为承重木结构原木用材;枝力学强度略低于干,在满足用材尺寸要求的前提下可作为一般结构用材;根可作为小尺寸的装饰结构性用材。刺槐根纤维素含量较高,可用于中密度纤维板制作。

关键词: 刺槐, 枝, 干, 根, 密度, 强度

Abstract:

Objective: In this paper, Robinia pseudoacacia was taken as the research object, and the physical and mechanical properties such as density, compression strength parallel to grain, bending strength and bending modulus of elasticity of branches, stems and roots of R. pseudoacacia at different ages were studied. We used the SEM image and chemical composition to explain the intensity difference of branches, stems and roots wood in order to enhance the added value and to provide theoretical supports and experimental bases for improving the comprehensive utilization rate of branches, stems and roots. Method: The physical and mechanical properties such as density, compression strength parallel to grain, bending strength and bending modulus of elasticity of branches, stems and roots of R. pseudoacacia at different ages were determined, as well as the SEM images and chemical composition. Result: The air-dry density of R. pseudoacacia in one tree was classified as branches > stems > roots. With the increase of age, the density of branches, stems and roots increased, but the extent of increase was small. The air-dry density of the branches of R. pseudoacacia was slightly higher than medium density, and the air-dry density of stems and roots was medium density. The compression strength parallel to grain, bending strength and bending modulus of elasticity in one tree were all classified as stems > branches > roots. With the increase of tree age, the compression strength parallel to grain, bending strength and bending modulus of elasticity of branches, stems and roots of R. pseudoacacia increased, but the extent of increase was small. There was a positive correlation between cellulose content and mechanical strength, and lignin content was negatively correlated with mechanical strength. The content of cellulose in roots was larger than that in branches and stems. Conclusion: The stems of R. pseudoacacia above 10 years old can be used as timber structure of load-bearing wood; the mechanical strength of the branches is slightly lower than that of the stems, it can be used as a general structural material in the case of meeting the requirements of the size of the timber; the roots can be used as a small size decorative structural material. Roots of R. pseudoacacia has a high content of cellulose, which can be used to make medium density fiberboard.

Key words: Robinia pseudoacacia, branches, stems, roots, density, strength

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