枣种质资源的表型遗传多样性

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20141005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用一般描述性统计、相关性分析和主成分分析等统计学方法对国家枣种质资源圃200份材料60个表型性状的多样性进行分析。结果表明: 1) 质量性状之间多样性差异显著,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数范围在0.33~1.96之间,表现出较高遗传多样性的性状包括果形、树形、叶基形状、枣头色泽、叶尖形状、果实颜色6个; 2) 数量性状变异系数和多样性指数分别在2.39%~86.84%和0.99~2.10之间,表现出广泛的变异性; 3) 数量性状间呈极显著和显著相关性的分别有68对和27对,通过R型变量聚类分为5类,充分反映了各性状之间的亲疏关系; 4) 枣头长度、二次枝长度、吊果率等12个数量性状含有丰富的遗传信息,可作为优先鉴定内容和重要的评价项目; 5) 枣特异种质类型与普通类型之间存在1~2个显著的表型质量性状差异,包括二次枝弯曲度、果形、核壳的有无等,应划分为变型为宜。

关键词: 枣, 种质资源, 表型性状, 遗传多样性

Abstract:

In this study, 60 phenotypic characters of 200 accessions collected from the national jujube(Ziziphus jujuba) germplasm resources garden were analyzed by descriptive statistics, diversity test, correlation and principal component analyses. The results showed: 1) There were significant differences in qualitative characters, with Shannon-Wiener indexes between 0.33-1.96. The genetic traits with high diversity included fruit shape, tree shape, leaf base shape, color of fruit head, leaf tip shape, and fruit color; 2) The quantitative characters showed wide variations, with variable coefficients and Shannon-Wiener indexes of 2.39%-86.84% and 0.99-2.10, respectively; 3) There were 68 pairs of extremely significant correlations and 27 pairs of significant correlations among quantitative characters, showing the relationship closeness, which could be divided into 5 groups by R-type variable clustering; 4) The twelve quantitative characters, including extension shoot length, secondary shoot length, and fruit rate per fruiting shoot, had rich genetic information and should be preferentially considered as important characterization and evaluation items; 5) There were significant differences in 1-2 phenotypic quality traits between rare and common jujube germplasms, including pit existence, fruit shape, secondary shoot tortuosity, and they should be classified as formas.

Key words: Ziziphus jujuba, germplasm resources, phenotypic character, genetic diversity

中图分类号:

S718.42

王永康, 吴国良, 赵爱玲, 李登科. 枣种质资源的表型遗传多样性[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(10): 33-41.

Wang Yongkang, Wu Guoliang, Zhao Ailing, Li Dengke. Phenotypic Genetic Diversity of Jujube Germplasm Resources[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(10): 33-41.

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