关键词: 毛竹, 花序, 花器官, 花药, 花粉

Abstract:

A systematic anatomic study was conducted on morphology and structure of inflorescences, spikelets, florets, stamens, pistils of Phyllostachys edulis from a typical flowering area. This study updated and supplemented comprehensive statistical data of the flower organs, and for the first time found that there are four locules in an anther which is basifixed. The systematic descriptions are as follows: P. edulis is fake inflorescences and spicate inflorescences (indefinite inflorescence), average length of the inflorescences is 8.01 cm, there are 2-7 gradually auxetic scaly bracts; 4-13 spathes, there is one spikelet in each spathe; An inflorescence has about 10 fake spikelets on average, the spikelet is 3.76 cm long on average, and has 1-3 glumes and 1-6 florets, the average length between rachises is 0.48 cm. Average length of florets is 2.6 cm,a floret has 2-3 shells and 3 lodicules, 2-3 stamens whose average length is 4.34 cm. The anther has four chambers and is basifixed, its average length is 1.26 cm, the average number of pollens in an anther is 15 807, the average diameter of the pollen is 61.00 μm, it is about globular under a scanning electron microscope, the ornamentation of its outer wall is granulated smally, it has a round germinal aperture which has a circle around, the outer diameter of the germinal aperture is 8.69 μm, the inner 4.52 μm, filaments are 2.98 cm long on average, they stretch out 1.59 cm when opening widely. There is a pistil, an ovary with a chamber; a reversal ovule; the average length of styles is 1.19 cm, the stigma is 1.70 cm long on average, and exposes length of 0.95 cm when it opens widely. The duration from the appearing anther to the pollen falling out of the anther is about 1-2 h.

Key words: Phyllostachys edulis, inflorescence, organs of the flower, anther, pollen