欢迎访问林业科学,今天是

林业科学 ›› 2011, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (8): 95-101.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20110815

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

学习经历对川硬皮肿腿蜂寄生云斑天牛幼虫的影响

杨桦1,2, 杨伟1, 杨春平1, 杨茂发2, 朱天辉1, 黄琼1, 潘武全3   

  1. 1. 四川农业大学森林保护省级重点实验室 雅安 625014;2. 贵州大学昆虫研究所 贵阳 550025;3. 德阳市林业局 德阳 618000
  • 收稿日期:2010-08-26 修回日期:2010-10-08 出版日期:2011-08-25 发布日期:2011-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 杨伟

Influence of Learning Experience of Parasitoid Scleroderma sichuanensis on the Parasitism of Batocera horsfieldi Larvae

Yang Hua1,2, Yang Wei1, Yang Chunping1, Yang Maofa2, Zhu Tianhui1, Huang Qiong1, Pan Wuquan3   

  1. 1. Provincial Laboratory of Forest Conservation, Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an 625014;2. Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University Guiyang 550025;3. Forestry Bureau of Deyang Deyang 618000
  • Received:2010-08-26 Revised:2010-10-08 Online:2011-08-25 Published:2011-08-25

摘要:

采用Y形嗅觉仪和EthoVision3.1行为仪研究0~5日龄川硬皮肿腿蜂经历杨树云斑天牛虫粪木屑混合物气味刺激的学习效应,并通过室内和林间放蜂试验,比较有无学习经历的川硬皮肿腿蜂对2~3龄云斑天牛幼虫的寄生作用,以探索利用学习行为提高川硬皮肿腿蜂防治云斑天牛效果的途径。结果表明: 杨树云斑天牛虫粪木屑混合物对无学习经历的蜂有显著驱避作用(P< 0.05),有学习经历的蜂对杨树云斑天牛虫粪木屑混合物的趋向性显著提高(P> 0.05)。在EthoVision3.1行为仪分析中,有学习经历的蜂活动轨迹在味源区域的密度远高于无学习经历蜂在该区域的密度; 在味源区的停留时间、移动距离和移动时间上,有学习经历的蜂明显长于无学习经历的蜂(P< 0.05); 有学习经历的蜂在采集区的静止时间明显长于无学习经历的蜂(P< 0.05),而停留时间、移动距离和反应时间则显著短于无学习经历的蜂(P< 0.05)。有学习经历的蜂室内搜索寄主所需平均时间39.99 s,60 s内搜索到寄主的数量为23.33头,都与无学习经历的蜂存在显著性差异(P< 0.05); 在采用蜂虫比1 ∶1,2 ∶1,4 ∶1室内对云斑天牛2~3龄幼虫寄生试验中,有学习经历蜂在蜂虫比4 ∶1时寄生率最高(86.67%)。林间释放川硬皮肿腿蜂对云斑天牛2~3龄幼虫有良好的控制作用,有学习经历蜂在蜂虫比4 ∶1时防治效果最好,为58.44%。

关键词: 云斑天牛, 川硬皮肿腿蜂, 学习经历, 杨树, 防治效果

Abstract:

Y-tube olfactometer and EthoVision3.1 behavior instrument were adopted to study the learning ability of Scleroderma sichuanensis at the age of 0-5 day after being stimulated by the smell of a mixture of Batocera horsfieldi excrement and sawdust. S. sichuanensis was released in the lab and field to compare its parasitism with or without learning experience on B. horsfieldi larva at the age of 2-3 day. This experiment was aimed at exploring means for enhancing control effect of S. sichuanensis on B. horsfieldi. The result showed that S. sichuanensis without learning significantly eluded the mixture of B. horsfieldi excrement and sawdust (P<0.05), while S. sichuanensis with learning remarkably increased its taxis to the mixture (P>0.05). EthoVision3.1 behavior instrument analysis indicated that at the smell source area, the density of behavior traces of S. sichuanensis with learning was much higher than that of S. sichuanensis without learning. S. sichuanensis with learning obviously had longer resident time, moving distance and moving time at the smell source area than that of S. sichuanensis without learning (P<0.05). At the gathering area, S. sichuanensis with learning obviously had longer silent time (P<0.05), but had shorter resident time, moving distance and reaction time (P<0.05) than that of S. sichuanensis without learning. The average time it took for S. sichuanensis with learning to find the host was 39.99 s, and the amount of the found hosts in 60 s was 23.33, which were significantly different from that done by S. sichuanensis without learning. In release experiment conducted in the lab the number of S. sichuanensis with learning and B. horsfieldi larva at the age of 2-3 day was at ratios of 1 ∶1, 2 ∶1, 4 ∶1, respectively. It was found out that at the ratio 4 ∶1 S. sichuanensis with learning had the best control effect (P<0.01) with a parasitic rate of 86.67%. Releasing S. sichuanensis in the field also had a good control effect on B. horsfieldi larva at the age of 2-3 day. S. sichuanensis with learning had the best control effect on B. horsfieldi with a parasitic rate of 58.44% when the ratio of S. sichuanensis and B. horsfieldi larva was 4 ∶1.

Key words: Batocera horsfieldi, Scleroderma sichuanensis, learning experience, Populus spp., control effect

中图分类号: