干旱胁迫下小叶杨×欧洲黑杨子代及亲本苗期光合与水分利用特征比较

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20260016

林业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (6): 178-190.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20260016

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

干旱胁迫下小叶杨×欧洲黑杨子代及亲本苗期光合与水分利用特征比较

苗露澜^1,²,张伟溪^1,²,王梓豪^1,²,苑正赛^1,²,魏航^1,²,褚延广^1,²,苏晓华^1,²,丁昌俊^1,^2,^3,*()

1. 林木遗传育种全国重点实验室　中国林业科学研究院林业研究所　北京 100091
2. 国家林业和草原局滨海林业研究中心　中国林业科学研究院林业研究所　北京 100091
3. 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心　南京 210037

收稿日期:2026-01-08 修回日期:2026-02-16 出版日期:2026-06-10 发布日期:2026-06-13
通讯作者: 丁昌俊 E-mail:changjunding@caf.ac.cn
基金资助:
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2025MA003)；林木遗传育种全国重点实验室(中国林业科学研究院)基本科研业务费资助项目(TGBFRF202513)；国家林业和草原局揭榜挂帅项目(20250102)；农业生物育种国家科技重大专项课题（2023ZD0405603）。

Comparison of Photosynthetic and Water Use Characteristics between Progeny and Parents of Populus simonii × P. nigra under Drought Stress

Lulan Miao^1,²,Weixi Zhang^1,²,Zihao Wang^1,²,Zhengsai Yuan^1,²,Hang Wei^1,²,Yanguang Chu^1,²,Xiaohua Su^1,²,Changjun Ding^1,^2,^3,*()

1. State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding　Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry　Beijing 100091
2. Binhai Forestry Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration　Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry　Beijing 100091
3. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University　Nanjing 210037

Received:2026-01-08 Revised:2026-02-16 Online:2026-06-10 Published:2026-06-13
Contact: Changjun Ding E-mail:changjunding@caf.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 解析干旱胁迫下小叶杨×欧洲黑杨杂交子代及其亲本光合与水分利用关键性状的差异，阐明这些性状在抗旱生长杂种优势形成与维持中的作用，为杨树抗旱遗传改良提供理论依据。方法: 以正常供水和干旱胁迫处理下的小叶杨×欧洲黑杨杂交子代（高生长势子代H1、H2、H3和低生长势子代L1、L2、L3）及其亲本为材料，测定其生长、光合参数（叶面积、叶绿素含量、净光合速率P_n、PSⅡ最大光化学效率F_v/F_m）及水分利用指标（瞬时水分利用效率WUE_i、长期水分利用效率WUE_L、叶片保水力），通过杂种优势分析和相关性统计，系统比较光合与水分利用特征差异及其对抗旱生长的作用。结果: 干旱胁迫下，高生长势子代的株高和地径净生长量稳定表现为正向中亲优势（MPH为4.39%~47.26%），其光合与水分利用关键性状也多呈现显著中亲或高亲优势（MPH为0.24%~44.94%）；而低生长势子代生长性状普遍低于中亲值，光合与水分利用性状优势不显著或呈负向。相关性分析表明，总叶面积、叶绿素含量、P_n及F_v/F_m与生长量呈极显著正相关（P < 0.01）。同时，总叶面积、叶绿素含量、P_n及δ¹³C值可作为早期筛选抗旱速生子代的关键指标。结论: 小叶杨×欧洲黑杨杂交子代的生长杂种优势在干旱胁迫下依然稳定存在，且与光合效能和水分利用效率的协同提升密切相关。高生长势子代尤以H1、H3为代表，通过整合双亲的高光合能力与高效水分利用策略，形成了突出的抗旱生长优势。本研究结果为杨树抗旱速生品种选育提供了关键性状筛选依据与生理机制解释。

关键词: 小叶杨×欧洲黑杨, 光合特性, 水分利用效率, 杂种优势, 抗旱性

Abstract:

Objective: Drought stress caused by global climate change has become a key bottleneck restricting forest productivity and ecological adaptability. Hybrid breeding is an important strategy for integrating superior traits from both parents and enhancing drought resistance in trees. This study aims to analyze the differences in key photosynthetic and water-use traits under drought stress between Populus simonii × P. nigra hybrid progenies and their parents, clarify the role of these traits in the formation and maintenance of heterosis for drought-resistant growth, so as to provide a theoretical basis for drought-resistance genetic improvement in poplar. Method: P. simonii × P. nigra hybrid progenies (high-growth potential H1, H2, H3 and low-growth potential L1, L2, L3) and their parents were subjected to well-watered and drought-stress treatments. Growth, photosynthetic parameters (leaf area, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate P_n, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ F_v/F_m), and water-use indicators (instantaneous water use efficiency WUE_i, long-term water use efficiency WUE_L, leaf water retention) were measured. Heterosis analysis and correlation statistics were used to systematically compare the differences in photosynthetic and water-use characteristics and their effects on drought-resistant growth. Result: Under drought stress, the net growth in height and ground diameter of high-growth potential progenies stably showed positive mid-parent heterosis (MPH 4.39%?47.26%), and most key photosynthetic and water-use traits also showed significant mid-parent or high-parent heterosis (MPH 0.24%?44.94%). In contrast, the growth traits of low-growth potential progenies were generally below the mid-parent value, with no significant or negative heterosis in photosynthetic and water-use traits. Correlation analysis showed that total leaf area, chlorophyll content, P_n, and F_v/F_m were significantly positively correlated with growth (P < 0.01). Total leaf area, chlorophyll content, P_n, and δ¹³C value could serve as key indicators for early selection of drought-resistant and fast-growing progenies. Conclusion: The growth heterosis of P. simonii × P. nigra hybrid progenies remains stable under drought stress and is closely related to the synergistic improvement of photosynthetic efficiency and water use efficiency. High-growth potential progenies (especially H1 and H3) form outstanding drought-resistant growth advantages by integrating the high photosynthetic capacity and efficient water-use strategies of both parents. This study provides a basis for trait selection and a physiological mechanism explanation for breeding drought-resistant and fast-growing poplar varieties.

Key words: Populus simonii × P. nigra, photosynthetic characters, water use efficiency, heterosis, drought resistance

中图分类号:

S722.3

苗露澜,张伟溪,王梓豪,苑正赛,魏航,褚延广,苏晓华,丁昌俊. 干旱胁迫下小叶杨×欧洲黑杨子代及亲本苗期光合与水分利用特征比较[J]. 林业科学, 2026, 62(6): 178-190.

Lulan Miao,Weixi Zhang,Zihao Wang,Zhengsai Yuan,Hang Wei,Yanguang Chu,Xiaohua Su,Changjun Ding. Comparison of Photosynthetic and Water Use Characteristics between Progeny and Parents of Populus simonii × P. nigra under Drought Stress[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2026, 62(6): 178-190.

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干旱胁迫下小叶杨×欧洲黑杨子代及亲本苗期光合与水分利用特征比较

Comparison of Photosynthetic and Water Use Characteristics between Progeny and Parents of Populus simonii × P. nigra under Drought Stress

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