柚木驼蛾高毒力Bt菌株筛选及cry杀虫基因鉴定

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240665

林业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (11): 45-55.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240665

柚木驼蛾高毒力Bt菌株筛选及cry杀虫基因鉴定

赵纪成^1,²(),王青华¹,刘云朋¹,张龙娃²,孔德治¹,朱耀军⁴,曲良建^1,^3,*()

1. 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所　国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室　北京 100091
2. 安徽农业大学林学与园林学院　合肥 230036
3. 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心　南京 210037
4. 广东湛江红树林湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站　湛江 524448

收稿日期:2024-11-08 修回日期:2025-03-14 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-12-11
通讯作者: 曲良建 E-mail:zhaojic2024@163.com;qulj2001@caf.ac.cn
基金资助:
“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC2604800）。

Screening of Highly Virulent Bt Strains Against Hyblaea puera (Cramer) and Identification of cry Insecticidal Genes

Jicheng Zhao^1,²(),Qinghua Wang¹,Yunpeng Liu¹,Longwa Zhang²,Dezhi Kong¹,Yaojun Zhu⁴,Liangjian Qu^1,^3,*()

1. Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry　Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration　Beijing 100091
2. College of Forestry and Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University　Hefei 230036
3. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University　Nanjing 210037
4. Zhanjiang National Research Station for Mangrove Wetland Ecosystem　Zhanjiang 524448

Received:2024-11-08 Revised:2025-03-14 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-12-11
Contact: Liangjian Qu E-mail:zhaojic2024@163.com;qulj2001@caf.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 筛选对柚木驼蛾具高毒力的苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）菌株，并基于不同菌株的毒力参数探究强弱毒株在伴孢晶体种类、形态、cry基因型和杀虫蛋白分子量等方面的差异，为柚木驼蛾等害虫的绿色高效防控提供优良生防资源，为高毒力Bt菌株的分子筛选和科学鉴定提供参考。方法: 测定10株Bt菌株对柚木驼蛾3龄幼虫的生物活性，基于光学（相差）及电子扫描显微镜（SEM）观察、PCR-RFLP分析结合目的基因片段测序和SDS-PAGE分析等方法探究强弱毒株在伴孢晶体种类和形态、cry基因型以及杀虫晶体蛋白分子量等方面的异同。结果: 1） 10株Bt菌株对柚木驼蛾3龄幼虫均有杀虫活性，其中菌株FJ-3、YN-1和YN-2的毒力最高，48 h致死率可达到或接近100%，且3株高毒力菌株对柚木驼蛾幼虫的致死中浓度（LC₅₀）分别为1.51×10⁷、6.20×10⁶和2.22×10⁶ cfu·mL^?1，致死中时间（LT₅₀）分别为22.14、19.87 和17.04 h。2）电子扫描显微镜观察发现，高毒力菌株产生的伴孢晶体种类较多（3~4种），且形态主要为菱形和镶嵌形，而低毒力菌株只能产生1~2种晶体，且形态大多为球形和不规则形。3） 10株Bt菌株在cry基因型和杀虫晶体蛋白分子量上亦存在差异，高毒力菌株（FJ-3、YN-1和YN-2）均含有3种cry基因型，分别为cry1Aa、cry2Ab和cry1Ia。结论: 本研究筛选出针对柚木驼蛾具高毒力的FJ-3、YN-1和YN-2共3株Bt菌株，分析强弱毒株的伴孢晶体特征并鉴定出Bt菌株cry基因型，可为今后优良生防资源的分子筛选和挖掘利用提供借鉴。

关键词: 柚木驼蛾, 红树林, 苏云金芽孢杆菌, 伴孢晶体特征, cry基因型

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to screen efficient strains of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains with high efficiency against Hyblaea puera (Cramer), providing excellent biocontrol resources for its green prevention and control. Method: In this study, the bioactivity of 10 Bt strains against 3rd instar larvae of H. puera was determined. The similarities and differences between highly and low virulent strains were investigated in terms of parasporal crystal morphology, cry genotypes, and insecticidal crystal proteins using phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM), PCR-RFLP analysis combined with target gene fragment sequencing, and SDS-PAGE methods. Result: 1) All 10 Bt strains showed insecticidal activity against 3rd instar larvae of H. puera, among which 3 highly virulent strains, FJ-3, YN-1 and YN-2, had highly virulent and caused up to or close to 100% mortality to the insects within 48 hour, with LC₅₀ of the three strains were 1.51×10⁷ cfu·mL^?1、6.20×10⁶ cfu·mL^?1和2.22×10⁶ cfu·mL^?1, respectively, and the LT₅₀ of 22.14 h, 19.87 h and 17.04 h, respectively. 2) Through scanning electron microscopy observation, it was found that highly virulent strains were able to produce a variety of the parasporal crystals (3–4 types), mainly in bipyramidal and mosaic-shaped, while low virulent strains produced 1–2 types of crystals, mostly spherical and irregular. There were also differences in cry genotypes and insecticidal crystal protein molecular weight between the high and low virulent strains. Additionally, the cry genotypes of all the above-mentioned three highly virulent strains were cry1Aa, cry2Ab and cry1Ia. Conclusion: In this study, Bt strains FJ-3, YN-1, and YN-2 with strong pathogenicity against H. puera in mangrove ecosystems have been screened, and the analysis of their parasporal crystal characteristics and cry genotypes provides a reference for the molecular screening, exploration, and utilization of high-quality biocontrol resources in future research.

Key words: Hyblaea puera, mangrove, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), characteristics of parasporal crystals, cry genotype

中图分类号:

S763.42

赵纪成,王青华,刘云朋,张龙娃,孔德治,朱耀军,曲良建. 柚木驼蛾高毒力Bt菌株筛选及cry杀虫基因鉴定[J]. 林业科学, 2025, 61(11): 45-55.

Jicheng Zhao,Qinghua Wang,Yunpeng Liu,Longwa Zhang,Dezhi Kong,Yaojun Zhu,Liangjian Qu. Screening of Highly Virulent Bt Strains Against Hyblaea puera (Cramer) and Identification of cry Insecticidal Genes[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(11): 45-55.

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基因类型 Gene type	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence（5'→3'）	限制性酶切位点 Restriction enzyme site
基因类型 Gene type	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence（5'→3'）	A、B
cry1	L5un1	ATGGATAACAATCCGAACATC
	L3un1	TTCCTCCATAAGGAGTAATTCC
	K5un2	AGGACCAGGATTTACAGGAGG	XbaⅠ、PstⅠ
	K3un2	GCTGTGACACGAAGGATATAGCCAC
	K5un3	CAATGCGTACCTTACAATTGTTTAAGTAAT	EcoRⅠ、PstⅠ
	K3un3	CCTCCTGTAAATCCTGGTCCT
cry2	S5un2	GGAAGAACTACTATTTGTGAGTC	MspⅠ、HindⅡ
cry2	S3un2	AATAGTTTGAATTACCGCGAGC
cry9	S5un9	AGGACCAGGATTTACAGGAGG	XbaⅠ、PstⅠ
cry9	S3un9	CCCAATGCGAAAGAACTAAG
cry1I	S5uni	GCTGTCTACCATGATTCGCTTG	BstBⅠ、BanⅠ
cry1I	S3uni	CAGTGCAGTAACCTTCTCTTGC

菌株 Strain	种类 Types	伴孢晶体形态及大小 Morphology and size of parasporal crystals						7天累计校正死亡率 7-day cumulative corrected mortality (%)
菌株 Strain	种类 Types	菱形 Bipyramidal/μm	镶嵌形 Mosaic/μm	不规则形 Irregular/μm	卵圆形 Ovoid/μm	方形 Cubic/μm	球形 Spherical/μm	7天累计校正死亡率 7-day cumulative corrected mortality (%)
FJ-1	2	—	—	(1.32±0.36)× (0.98±0.23)	—	—	(1.08±0.138)× (1.07±0.08)	37.50±4.17
FJ-2	1	—	—	—	—	—	(1.07±0.07)× (1.07±0.11)	40.28±2.41
FJ-3	3	(1.81±0.08) × (0.78±0.11)	(1.87±0.09)× (0.84±0.11)	—	(1.98±0.10)× (0.93±0.07)	—	—	100.00
HN-1	2	(1.76±0.15)× (0.81±1.11)	—	—	(1.90±0.10)× (0.88±0.10)	—	—	81.94±2.41
HN-2	3	(1.73±0.25)× (0.81±0.14)	—	(1.45±0.28)× (1.06±0.32)	—	—	(1.03±0.11)× (1.06±0.09)	83.33
HN-3	2	(1.76±0.16)× (0.91±0.17)	—	—	(1.82±0.16)× (0.88±0.10)	—	—	88.90±4.81
YN-1	4	(1.65±0.25)× (0.78±0.11)	—	(1.20±0.12)× (0.93±0.17)	—	(1.17±0.22)× (1.19±0.19)	(1.31±0.22)× (1.25±0.18)	100.00
YN-2	4	(1.79±0.14）× （0.80±0.12）	(1.83±0.13)× (0.75±0.12)	—	(1.76±0.13)× (0.68±0.09)	—	(1.09±0.09)× (1.11±0.11)	100.00
YN-3	1	—	—	—	—	—	(1.08±0.09)× (1.08±0.07)	18.06±2.41
S-X	3	(1.73±0.09)× (0.77±0.13)	—	(1.42±0.35)× (1.40±0.24)	—	—	(1.13±0.06)× (1.11±0.09)	25.00

菌株 Strain	斜率 Slope	致死中浓度Median lethal concentration(LC₅₀)/(cfu·mL^?1)	95%置信区间 95% confidence interval/(cfu·mL^?1)	χ²
FJ-3	0.71±0.06	1.51×10⁷	9.15×10⁶~2.52×10⁷	2.88
YN-1	0.66±0.06	6.20×10⁶	3.59×10⁶~1.66×10⁷	2.01
YN-2	0.95±0.09	2.22×10⁶	1.43×10⁶~3.36×10⁶	1.30

菌株 Strain	回归方程 Regression equation	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	致死中时间Median lethal time (LT₅₀)/h	95%置信区间 95% confidence interval/h
FJ-3	Y=3.2X?4.24	0.99	22.14	15.05~30.53
YN-1	Y=3.9X?5.03	0.97	19.86	12.16~27.89
YN-2	Y=3.5X?4.35	0.98	17.04	11.69~22.17

菌株 Strain	基因 Gene	测序所用引物 Primers used	测序片段大小 Sequence length/bp	基因型 Genotypes	GeneBank序列号 Sequence ID	最大相似性 Identity (%)
FJ-1	cry1	L5un1-L3un1	3 443	cry1Aa	CP010092	99.38
FJ-2	—	—	—	—	—	—
FJ-3	cry1	L5un1-L3un1	3 451	cry1Aa	MK184461	98.77
	cry2	S5un2-S3un2	1 167	cry2Ab	MK184479	99.40
	cry1I	S5uni-S3uni	1 488	cry1Ia	AF517127	99.93
HN-1	cry1	L5un1-L3un1	3 456	cry1Ab	KT692985	97.51
	cry1I	S5uni-S3uni	1 488	cry1Ia	JQ228428	99.80
HN-2	cry1	L5un1-L3un1	3 452	cry1Ab	KT900192	95.51
	cry1I	S5uni-S3uni	1 492	cry1Ia	JQ228424	99.73
HN-3	cry1	L5un1-L3un1	3 444	cry1Ab	KT900192	99.88
	cry2	S5un2-S3un2	1 172	cry2Ad	DQ991239	98.64
	cry1I	S5uni-S3uni	1 489	cry1Ib	HM355853	99.93
YN-1	cry1	L5un1-L3un1	3 454	cry1Aa	MK184461	99.22
	cry2	S5un2-S3un2	1 174	cry2Ab	MK184479	99.66
	cry1I	S5uni-S3uni	1 488	cry1Ia	AF517127	99.93
YN-2	cry1	L5un1-L3un1	3 446	cry1Aa	KF938682	98.87
	cry2	S5un2-S3un2	1 169	cry2Ab	EU909454	98.12
	cry1I	S5uni-S3uni	1 488	cry1Ia	MN729491	99.93
YN-3	—	—	—	—	—	—
S-X	cry1	K5un3-K3un3	1 376	cry1Ea	OL899341	98.90
	cry2	S5un2-S3un2	1 174	cry2Ab	JN651494	99.06
	cry1I	S5uni-S3uni	1 488	cry1Ia	HQ439787	99.93

柚木驼蛾高毒力Bt菌株筛选及cry杀虫基因鉴定

Screening of Highly Virulent Bt Strains Against Hyblaea puera (Cramer) and Identification of cry Insecticidal Genes

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菌株 Strain	cry基因型 cry genotypes	晶体蛋白分子量 Molecular weight of ICPs/kDa	杀虫晶体形态 Morphology of ICPs
FJ-1	cry1Aa	140, 80, 60	不规则形Irregular，球形Spherical
FJ-2	—	80, 60	球形Spherical
FJ-3	cry1Aa, cry2Ab, cry1Ia	140，60	菱形Bipyramidal，镶嵌形Mosaic，卵圆形Ovoid
HN-1	cry1Ab, cry1Ia	140, 80, 60	菱形Bipyramidal，卵圆形Ovoid
HN-2	cry1Ab, cry1Ia	140, 80, 60	菱形Bipyramidal，不规则形Irregular，球形Spherical
HN-3	cry1Ab, cry2Ad, cry1Ib	140, 80, 60	菱形Bipyramidal，卵圆形Ovoid
YN-1	cry1Aa, cry2Ab, cry1Ia	140, 80, 60	菱形Bipyramidal，不规则形Irregular，方形Cubic，球形Spherical
YN-2	cry1Aa, cry2Ab, cry1Ia	140, 80	菱形Bipyramidal，镶嵌形Mosaic，卵圆形Ovoid，球形Spherical
YN-3	—	80	球形Spherical
S-X	cry1Ea, cry2Ab, cry1Ia	140, 80, 60	菱形Bipyramidal，不规则形Irregular，球形Spherical

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