转Bt基因和非转基因杨树-棉花复合系统中节肢动物群落比较分析

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20181009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]分析转Bt基因杨棉复合系统节肢动物群落组成和结构，评价转基因杨棉复合系统生态安全性。[方法]在河北省涿州市义和庄乡国家务村林场构建未转基因杨棉复合系统Ⅰ和转基因杨棉复合系统Ⅱ，连续3年运用群落生态学研究方法，对节肢动物群落、亚群落和不同功能类群组成和结构以及群落时间动态变化进行调查研究。[结果]2个系统在节肢动物群落物种个体总数上差异显著，在物种总数以及多样性指数上差异不显著；转基因杨棉复合系统的害虫亚群落物种数较之对照有显著降低（P<0.05），天敌亚群落和中性节肢动物亚群落的物种数差异不显著；2个系统的害虫、天敌和中性节肢动物亚群落多样性指数差异均不显著；2个系统节肢动物群落物种数和个体数时间动态以及年季动态差异均未达显著水平。[结论]转基因杨棉复合系统对靶标害虫具有较好的毒杀以及控制种群数量的作用，对系统中非目标昆虫以及天敌和中性昆虫作用不明显，但表现出对这些功能类群相对较好的生态效应趋势。总体上看，转基因杨棉复合系统对节肢动物群落没有负面效应，且对整个生态系统的功能发挥有一定的促进作用，但其生态安全性有待长期监测。

关键词: 转基因生物, 杨棉复合系统, 群落结构, 森林昆虫, 生物安全

Abstract: [Objective] This study aims to analyse the composition and structure of arthropod community in the Bt gene poplar-cotton composite system,in order to evaluate ecological safety of transgenic poplar-cotton composite system.[Method] The non-transgenic poplar-cotton composite system Ⅰ and transgenic poplar-cotton composite system Ⅱ were constructed in a forest farm at Guojiawu village,Yihezhuang town,Zhuozhou City of Hebei Province.The composition and structure of arthropod community,sub community and different functional groups as well as community time dynamic changes were investigated for three consecutive years by using the method of community ecology.[Result] The two systems had significant differences in the total number of species in arthropod communities, and there was no significant difference in the total number of species and the diversity index.The number of pest sub-community species in the transgenic poplar-cotton composite system was significantly lower than that of the control(P<0.05),while species number of natural enemy sub-community and neutral arthropod sub-community was not significant; the diversity indices of pests,natural enemies, and neutral arthropod sub-communities in the two systems were not significantly different.There were no significant difference in the temporal and seasonal dynamics of species and individuals in arthropod communities between the two systems.[Conclusion] Transgenic poplar cotton composite system had better toxicity and control population effect to target pests, and had no obvious effect on non-target insects, natural enemies and neutral insects, but showed a relatively good ecological effect on these functional groups.Generally speaking, transgenic poplar-cotton composite system had no negative effect on arthropod community, and played a role in promoting the function of the whole ecosystem, however its ecological safety needs to be monitored for a long time.

Key words: transgenic organism, poplar-cotton ecosystem, arthropods, community structure, forest insect, biosafety

中图分类号:

S718.7

姜文虎, 张德健, 刘军侠, 李超丽, 路战远, 杨敏生. 转Bt基因和非转基因杨树-棉花复合系统中节肢动物群落比较分析[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(10): 73-79.

Jiang Wenhu, Zhang Dejian, Liu Junxia, Li Chaoli, Lu Zhanyuan, Yang Minsheng. Comparative Analysis of Arthropod Communities in Transgenic Bt and Non-Transgenic Poplar-Cotton Composite Systems[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(10): 73-79.

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