欢迎访问林业科学,今天是

林业科学 ›› 2011, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 12-19.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20110303

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

西藏色季拉山西坡种子植物多样性垂直分布

苏建荣1, 刘万德1, 张炜银2, 罗建3, 张志均1, 郎学东1, 李帅锋1   

  1. 1. 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 昆明 650224;2. 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境 与保护研究所 北京 100091;3. 西藏农牧学院资源与环境系 林芝 860100
  • 收稿日期:2010-08-16 修回日期:2011-01-18 出版日期:2011-03-25 发布日期:2011-03-25

Species Diversity of Plant Communities along an Altitudinal Gradient on the West Slope of Sejila Mountains,Tibet

Su Jianrong1, Liu Wande1, Zhang Weiyin2, Luo Jian3, Zhang Zhijun1, Lang Xuedong1, Li Shuaifeng1   

  1. 1. Institute of Resource Insect, the Chinese Academy of Forestry Kunming 650224;2. Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, the Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091;3. Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College Linzhi 860100
  • Received:2010-08-16 Revised:2011-01-18 Online:2011-03-25 Published:2011-03-25

摘要:

调查色季拉山西坡不同海拔梯度的植被,分析种子植物物种多样性的垂直分布格局及其原因。结果表明:色季拉山西坡共有植物288种,分属58科163属; 从低海拔到高海拔植被依次为针叶林(3 000~3 200 m)、暗针叶林(3 300~4 200 m)、疏林及灌丛(4 300~4 400 m)、高山草甸(4 500~4 800 m); 科数、属数、种数、灌木物种丰富度和草本物种丰富度随海拔梯度变化均呈双峰曲线,但乔木物种丰富度呈单峰曲线; Shannon-Wiener指数及Simpson指数均在海拔3 300 m处最大,β多样性指数在海拔3 500 m处最大,3个多样性指数均在海拔3 700 m处最低; 种数/属数及属数/科数随海拔升高呈双峰曲线,种数/科数则随海拔升高而增大;立木株数随海拔的升高而降低,胸高断面积及最大胸径在海拔3 900 m处最高,最大树高则出现在海拔3 600 m处;物种丰富度与海拔及坡向具有显著的相关性(P<0.05),并可用不同的回归方程较好地描述,而与坡度、坡位及郁闭度无显著相关性(P>0.05)。

关键词: 物种组成, 物种多样性, 海拔梯度, 环境因子, 色季拉山

Abstract:

To explore patterns of plant diversity along altitudinal gradients on the west slope of Sejila Mountains, Tibetan, vegetation of different altitudinal gradients were investigated. Furthermore, we analyzed the reason of plant diversity patterns along altitudinal gradients. The results showed that there were 288 species, which belong to 58 families and 163 genera, on the west slope. There were four vegetation types, i.e. coniferous forest(3 000~3 200 m), dark coniferous forest(3 300~4 200 m), open forest or scrub(4 300~4 400 m), and alpine meadow (4 400~4 800 m) from low to high elevation. The altitudinal pattern of family, genera, species, shrubs, and herb species richness showed a double-humped pattern, while trees richness first increased and then decreased with increasing elevation, peaking at the altitudes of 3 300 m. Maximum values of Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index occurred at the altitudes of 3 300 m, while maximum β diversity occurred at the altitudes of 3 500 m, and three diversity indexes were all the lowest at the altitude of 3 700 m. The altitudinal patterns of the ratio of number of species/number of genera and number of genera/number of family also showed a double-humped pattern, but the ratio of number of species/number of family increased with increasing elevation. We also found that the number of stems decreased with increasing elevation, maximum values of basal area and maximum DBH occurred at the altitudes of 3 900 m, while it occurred at the altitudes of 3 600 m for maximum height. The correlation analysis between species richness and environments showed that species richness was negatively correlated with elevation, and was positively correlated with slope aspect. The relationships between species richness and altitude and slope aspect could be described by different regression equations.

Key words: species composition, species diversity, altitudinal gradient, environment factors, Sejila Mountains

中图分类号: