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林业科学 ›› 2006, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 108-114.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20060618

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植被蒸散研究方法的进展与展望

刘京涛 刘世荣   

  1. 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091
  • 收稿日期:2005-11-02 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2006-06-25 发布日期:2006-06-25

Advances and Perspectives in Evapotranspiration Studies

Liu Jingtao,Liu Shirong   

  1. Research Institute of Forest Ecology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091
  • Received:2005-11-02 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2006-06-25 Published:2006-06-25

摘要:

对蒸散研究方法的发展阶段及传统蒸散研究方法(水文学方法、微气象学方法、植物生理方法、模型分析方法、经验方法)的优缺点进行简要评述。同时详细介绍闪烁通量技术、遥感技术应用于蒸散研究的基本原理及优点和存在的问题。进一步阐述新技术方法在蒸散研究中的应用,并分析预测蒸散研究的未来发展趋势。

关键词: 蒸散, 理论和方法, 进展与展望

Abstract:

Evapotranspiration is an important component of water balance including evaporation and plant transpiration. About 60% of precipitation was transported back to atmosphere by evapotranspiration every year. In this paper, the historical development of study methods which involve the Greek and Roman period, the initial measurements and experimentation period in 17th century and the foundation period of present theories in 19th century are presented. Several traditional approaches to estimate evapotranspiration are critically assessed, including hydrological, micrometeorological, plant physiological, analytical model and empirical methods. The new theories of scintillometer and remote sensing technology used in evapotranspiration study are introduced, its applicability and constraints are discussed as well. Finally, future development and perspectives of evapotranspiration study are explored.

Key words: evapotranspiration, theory and method, advance and future development