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林业科学 ›› 1999, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 76-80.

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竹缺爪螨生物学特性及其发生与环境的关系

蔡秋锦1,张飞萍1,钟景辉1,刘巧云2,张艳旋3   

  1. 1. 福建林学院 南平 353001
    2. 福建省林业厅森防站 福州 350012
    3. 福建省农科院植保所 福州 350013
  • 收稿日期:1998-01-05 出版日期:1999-11-25 发布日期:1999-11-25

STUDIES ON BIOLOGY AND THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF APONY CHUS CORPUZAE RIMANDO

Qiujing Cai1,Feiping Zhang1,Yanxuan Zhang1,Qiaoyun Liu2,Yanxuan Zhang3   

  1. 1. Fujian Colloge of forestry Nanping 353001
    2. Forestry Beaura of Fujian Province Fuzhou 350012
    3. Agricultural Science Academic of Fujian Province Fuzhou 350013
  • Received:1998-01-05 Online:1999-11-25 Published:1999-11-25

摘要:

研究结果表明,竹缺爪螨(Aponychus corpuzae Rimando)营两性或孤雌生殖,孤雌生殖产雄卵;雌螨日产卵1~2粒,一生平均产卵9.8粒;林间自然性比为2.35:1;该螨以雌成螨和卵滞育, 11月中旬入蛰, 3月上旬出蛰;在一定温度范围内,各螨态发育历期随温度升高而变短,从卵到成螨产卵有效积温为280.76日度,发育起始温度为13.32℃。该螨还可取食苦绿竹(Dendrocalamus basihirsuta)、长毛米筛竹(Bambusa pachinensis)、半耳箬竹(Zndrocalmus longiaurtus),并完成其生活史,在麻竹(Dendrocalamopsis latif lorus)、毛金竹(Phyllostachys nigra)上不能存活,在苦绿竹上完成1代需18.4 d;降雨的冲刷及浸水对幼、若、成螨存活影响较大,短期浸水对卵孵化影响不大,浸水1 d后卵孵化率降至30.65 %。利用灰色关联度(T he Gray Sequence)方法分析湿度、气温、降雨量、天敌4个因子对该螨种群消长的影响,结果表明, 4个因子对幼、若、成螨数量消长的关联序为湿度>降雨量>天敌>温度,对卵量和整个种群数量消长的关联序为湿度>天敌>降雨量>温度。

关键词: 竹缺爪螨, 有效积温, 灰色关联度

Abstract:

Aponychus corpuzae runs bisexual reproduction or arrhenotoky; Female adult oviposits 1~2 eggs every day and the total is 9.8 eggs averagely in life cycle, The sex ratio is 2.35:1 in nature.Female adults and eggs in diapause from November to March the following year.In certain temperature range, the mites growth become quicker with the rising of the temperature, and their grow th accumulated temperature from egg to lying egg is 280.76 d.℃.Besides Phyllostachys heterocycla, the mites can aslo feed on the le aves of Dendrocalamus basihirsuta, Pleioblastus incannatus, Indocalamus longiuritus and Bambusa pachinensis, and complete their life cycle, but can' t feed on D.latiflorus and Phyllostachys nigras.shortterm raining cause the larvae, nymphs and adults to die intensely, 69.35 %mortality are found from the egg soaked in w ater over 24 hours.Analysis result by the gray sequence theory indicates:the g ray sequence of factors to the amount of the larvae, nymphs and adults is humidity >rainfall>natural enemy >air temperature, and of factors to the eggs or the population is all humidity>naturalenemy >rainfall>air temperature.

Key words: Aponychus corpuzae, Effective accumulated temperature, The gray sequence