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林业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (1): 111-119.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220537

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香榧藻斑病病原的分离鉴定及防治药剂筛选

刘艾涛1,2,叶碧欢2,陈友吾2,宋其岩2,李海波2,沈建军2,张昕1,*   

  1. 1. 浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院 杭州 311300
    2. 浙江省林业科学研究院森林保护所 杭州 310023
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-30 出版日期:2024-01-25 发布日期:2024-01-29
  • 通讯作者: 张昕
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省省院合作林业科技项目(2019SY09); 浙江省省属科研院所扶持专项(2021F1065-2)。

Isolation and Identification of Pathogens of Algal Spots of Torreya grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’ and Screening of the Algicides

Aitao Liu1,2,Bihuan Ye2,Youwu Chen2,Qiyan Song2,Haibo Li2,Jianjun Shen2,Xin Zhang1,*   

  1. 1. College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300
    2. Forest Protection Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry Hangzhou 310023
  • Received:2022-07-30 Online:2024-01-25 Published:2024-01-29
  • Contact: Xin Zhang

摘要:

目的: 探明香榧藻斑病的病原种类及其生物学特性,筛选对香榧藻斑病具有良好防治效果的药剂,为香榧藻斑病防治提供科学依据。方法: 在浙江省香榧主产区采集藻斑病病叶,结合传统形态学方法与分子生物学手段对从病叶中分离获得的香榧绿藻进行鉴定,明确病原藻的生物学特性,通过室内毒力测定和林间防治试验筛选防治香榧藻斑病的优良药剂。结果: 1) 从香榧藻斑病病叶中分离获得3种病原绿藻类群,结合藻株形态学特点以及SSU-ITS区间序列分析,3种绿藻类群分别被鉴定为链带藻、软克里藻和Tritostichococcus corticulus,均为香榧病原新记录种。3种香榧绿藻的培养条件相似,均适宜在初始pH 11、温度25 ℃、光照/黑暗为12 h/12 h光周期下的BG-11培养基中生长。2) 以混合藻为靶标进行室内毒力测定试验显示,12%松脂酸铜悬浮剂灭藻效果最好,EC50可达8.33 mg·L?1,显著低于其他药剂(P<0.05),其后依次为33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂、80%波尔多液、20%噻菌铜悬浮剂和45%石硫合剂。林间防治试验表明,施药30天后,12%松脂酸铜和33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂的防治效果分别达78.11%和71.62%。结论: 从浙江省香榧上新发现3种病原绿藻类群,藻群生物学特性类似。室内毒力测定和林间防治试验表明,12%松脂酸铜和33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂对香榧藻斑病有较好防治效果。

关键词: 香榧, 藻斑病, 鉴定, 生物学特性, 毒力测定, 林间防治

Abstract:

Objective: The study aims to explore the pathogens of algal spots of Torreya grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’ and their biological characteristics, as well as screen efficient algicides, so as to provide scientific basis for controlling the disease. Method: The diseased leaves of T. grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’ were collected from the main planting areas in Zhejiang Province, and the algae were isolated from diseased leaves, and then identified by traditional morphological observation combined with molecular biological methods. The biological characteristics of the pathogenic algae were studied, and efficient algicides for controlling the disease were screened by laboratory virulence assay and the field control experiment. Result: 1) Three groups of synantectic pathogenic algae were isolated from algal spots, and they were identified as Desmodesmus armatus, Klebsormidium flaccidum and Tritostichococcus corticulus, respectively, based on the morphological characteristics and the SSU-ITS sequence analysis, all of which were newly reported pathogens of T. grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’. The culture conditions of the three alga species were similar, and they all grew well in BG-11 medium at 25 ℃ with an initial pH of 11 and a photoperiod of 12 h light/12 h dark. 2) With the mixed algae as the target, a laboratory toxicity assay showed that 12% copper rosinate suspension had the best algal killing effect, and the EC50 was 8.33 mg·L?1, which was significantly lower than other algicides (P<0.05), followed by 33.5% copper quinoline suspension agent, 80% Bordeaux mixture, 20% thiophanate copper suspension agent and 45% lime sulfur mixture. The field control test showed that after 30 days of application, the control effects of 12% copper rosinate and 33.5% copper quinoline suspending agent were 78.11% and 71.62%, respectively. Conclusion: Three pathogenic green algae have newly been discovered from T. grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’ in Zhejiang Province, and the biological characteristics of the three alga species are similar. Laboratory toxicity assay and field control test show that 12% copper rosinate and 33.5% copper quinoline suspending agent have good control effect on algal spot of T. grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’.

Key words: Torreya grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’, algal spot, identification, biological characteristics, toxicity test, field control

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