马尾松非结构性碳库大小及分配的纬向变化

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220805

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 研究马尾松非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)存储及分配的纬向变化规律,探讨生长环境对其影响作用,为准确理解和模拟气候变化背景下树木生长和碳存储提供机制依据。方法: 以马尾松成熟林为对象,在其分布区内沿纬向梯度(23.0°~33.5°N)选择9个典型人工林,测定林分标准木不同器官的NSC含量并估算其生物量,计算NSC库大小。结果: 马尾松整株的NSC库及其组分库(可溶性糖和淀粉)的大小均随纬度增加而降低; 枝、干和根中NSC库和淀粉库以及枝和根中可溶性糖库的大小均随纬度增加而降低。NSC库以淀粉为主,且淀粉所占比例随纬度增加而增加; NSC库、可溶性糖库和淀粉库在各器官中的分配比例存在差异,但均主要存储在干和根中。NSC库、可溶性糖库和淀粉库在枝中的存储比例随纬度增加而降低,而可溶性糖库和淀粉库在叶中的存储比例随纬度增加而增加。整株马尾松的NSC库、可溶性糖库和淀粉库与气候因子(年平均温度、年降雨总量、年均最冷月最低温和年均最热月最高温)和土壤因子(全氮含量和氮磷比)正相关; 气候因子和土壤因子对NSC及其组分库大小变化的解释率分别为26.2%和7.6%,共同作用的解释率为36.7%。结论: 马尾松NSC库以淀粉储存为主,NSC及其组分库在根和干中分配比例最高; 马尾松整株和各器官中的NSC及其组分库的大小均呈现出显著的纬向趋势; 气候对马尾松NSC储存的影响高于土壤。

关键词: 马尾松, 非结构性碳水化合物库, 碳分配, 纬向分布

Abstract:

Objective: Latitudinal patterns of the sizes and allocation proportions of non-structural carbohydrates(NSC)storage in Pinus massoniana is studied to investigate the effects of growing environment,and to provide a solid basis for understanding and predicting the growth and carbon storage of trees within the context of global climate change. Method: We collected samples of needles,branches,stems,roots and soil of P. massoniana from 9 typical plantations along a latitudinal gradients in the distribution (23.0°~33.5°N) in China. The NSC concentrations and biomass in different organs of the sample tress were detected and used for biomass estimation and calculation of NSC pool. Result: The sizes of total NSC and its components(soluble sugar and starch)pools significantly linearly decreased from south to north; NSC pool and starch pool in branches,stems,and roots,and sugar pool in branches and roots showed decreasing trends along the latitudinal gradients. Starch was the main component of NSC pool,and its proportion increased linearly with the latitudes; the storage proportion of NSC,sugar,and starch varied in different organs,but was higher in stems and roots. The proportions of NSC,sugar and starch pools in branches linearly decreased with the increase of latitude,but the proportions of NSC and sugar pools in needles increased with the increase of latitude. Pool sizes of NSC,soluble sugar,and starch were positively correlated with climate variables(mean annual temperature of average,minimum,and maximum,and precipitation)and soil variables(nitrogen,and nitrogen/phosphorus ratio). Climate variables,soil factors,and their interactions explained 26.2 %,7.6 %,and 46.0 % of the variation in NSC storage,respectively. Conclusion: NSC pool of P. massoniana was mainly composed by starch,and the pools of NSC,sugar and starch allocated higher in stems and roots. The sizes of NSC,sugar and starch pools showed a linear trend with the latitudes at the whole-tree and organ levels. And climate had a stronger effect than the soil did on NSC storage.

Key words: Pinus massoniana, non-structural carbohydrates pool, carbon allocation, latitudinal distribution

中图分类号:

S718

倪妍妍,简尊吉,徐瑾,曾立雄,阮宏华,雷蕾,肖文发,李迈和. 马尾松非结构性碳库大小及分配的纬向变化[J]. 林业科学, 2022, 58(8): 41-52.

Yanyan Ni,Zunji Jian,Jin Xu,Lixiong Zeng,Honghua Ruan,Lei Lei,Wenfa Xiao,Maihe Li. Latitudinal Variation of the Size and Allocation of Non-Structural Carbon in Pinus massoniana[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(8): 41-52.

图/表 11

表1

表2

图1

表3

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表4

马尾松不同器官NSC及组分库的大小(g)和分配比例(%)"

样地 Site	可溶性糖库(比例) Soluble sugar pool(proportion)	淀粉库(比例) Starch pool(proportion)	NSC库(比例) Non-structural carbon pool(proportion)
叶Leaf
陕西汉中Hanzhong Shaanxi	24.42±13.89(26.02±3.06)	13.651±5.62(6.75±1.15)	38.07±19.41(12.25±1.49)
四川万源Wanyuan Sichuan	12.25 ±2.28(21.37±3.21)	6.693±1.298(3.62±0.31)	19.94±3.58(6.37±0.77)
重庆忠县Zhongxian Chongqing	15.56±4.39(24.01±3.24)	11.947±2.301(4.77±0.08)	26.51±6.45(8.638±0.654)
湖北宣恩Xuanen Hubei	32.95±5.41(20.40±2.03)	25.574±1.589(6.09±0.33)	58.52±6.94(9.95±0.22)
湖南永顺Yongshun Hunan	20.16±0.18(6.72±0.34)	39.021±5.679(6.29±1.03)	59.18±5.83(6.42±0.77)
湖南会同Huitong Hunan	16.11±2.06(4.08±0.83)	16.673±2.921(3.18±0.02)	33.78±4.500(3.54±0.32)
广西桂林Guilin Guangxi	18.89±4.08(5.89±0.78)	39.87±8.785(4.84±0.59)	58.77±12.83(5.13±0.64)
广西贺州Hezhou Guangxi	36.64±5.55(4.96±0.61)	28.672±4.366(2.97±0.38)	65.31±9.80(3.82±0.44)
广东肇庆Zhaoqing Guangdong	32.13±5.74(10.45±1.88)	19.539±0.515(3.31±0.45)	51.67±5.68(5.80±1.08)
枝Branch
陕西汉中Hanzhong Shaanxi	3.39±0.82(5.579±1.408)	5.81±1.37(3.51±0.93)	9.20±2.17(4.07±1.07)
四川万源Wanyuan Sichuan	4.77±2.27(6.18±1.54)	5.91±1.79(2.63±0.24)	10.68±4.04(3.63±0.56)
重庆忠县Zhongxian Chongqing	3.78±0.77(5.98±0.22)	6.70±1.50(2.74±0.43)	10.48±2.13(3.39±0.38)
湖北宣恩Xuanen Hubei	11.17±2.24(6.98±1.362)	15.47±3.79(3.53±0.53)	26.64±6.00(4.43±0.66)
湖南永顺Yongshun Hunan	41.62±4.72(13.94±2.03)	133.81±26.66(20.85±3.28)	175.43±24.08(18.67±1.55)
湖南会同Huitong Hunan	21.42±3.76(5.378±1.19)	85.00±12.56(15.38±0.94)	106.41±14.52(11.07±0.42)
广西桂林Guilin Guangxi	26.38±5.87(8.18±1.03)	106.52±19.03(13.04±0.92)	132.9±24.49(11.68±0.91)
广西贺州Hezhou Guangxi	173.21±30.72(22.53±1.45)	132.04±18.68(13.51±1.16)	305.25±48.18(16.41±1.16)
广东肇庆Zhaoqing Guangdong	66.20±10.69(21.16±1.53)	90.06±6.97(15.24±2.45)	156.26±18.66(16.22±2.27)
干Stem
陕西汉中Hanzhong Shaanxi	13.12±4.37(18.68±2.12)	121.96±36.09(65.57±5.13)	135.08±41.41(52.97±4.86)
四川万源Wanyuan Sichuan	8.208±2.10(13.79±0.95)	135.79±32.03(62.36±2.65)	143.99±34.09(51.94±1.86)
重庆忠县Zhongxian Chongqing	8.05±1.70(12.63±0.38)	191.64±34.88(76.91±1.00)	199.69±36.58(63.97±1.28)
湖北宣恩Xuanen Hubei	16.93±2.03(11.59±2.287)	264.56±16.98(63.45±6.06)	282.49±16.14(48.93±4.14)
湖南永顺Yongshun Hunan	43.95±25.54(15.36±9.45)	240.98±30.78(38.40±4.49)	284.92±40.34(31.04±5.59)
湖南会同Huitong Hunan	78.42±6.44(19.73±2.84)	273.233±50.36(48.811±1.666)	351.66±53.67(36.37±1.27)
广西桂林Guilin Guangxi	42.77±5.76(14.10±2.64)	425.99±46.69(53.19±1.60)	468.76±45.14(42.24±1.45)
广西贺州Hezhou Guangxi	319.05±103.64(36.70±6.23)	532.79±83.26(53.65±1.21)	851.83±186.56(46.59±2.54)
广东肇庆Zhaoqing Guangdong	61.35±2.84(20.10±2.80)	339.37±88.13(53.37±4.31)	400.72±90.90(42.15±3.90)
根Root
陕西汉中Hanzhong Shaanxi	36.66±16.29(48.72±1.87)	61.66±38.97(24.17±5.34)	99.33±55.19(30.71±4.03)
四川万源Wanyuan Sichuan	34.70±9.48(56.66±1.52)	66.81±11.50(31.39±2.45)	101.51±20.02(36.07±1.41)
重庆忠县Zhongxian Chongqing	36.71±8.38(56.38±3.41)	39.28±8.14(15.58±0.66)	75.99±16.40(24.00±1.34)
湖北宣恩Xuanen Hubei	99.47±18.45(61.03±2.58)	119.16±36.38(26.93±5.89)	218.63±39.19(36.69±3.433)
湖南永顺Yongshun Hunan	195.56±41.75(63.98±11.67)	216.73±16.25(34.46±1.12)	412.29±56.98(43.87±3.89)
湖南会同Huitong Hunan	301.74±74.51(70.81±3.71)	181.23±30.94(32.64±2.42)	482.98±101.93(49.03±1.58)
广西桂林Guilin Guangxi	225.33±26.09(71.83±1.31)	233.38±35.87(28.93±1.98)	458.71±60.54(40.96±1.20)
广西贺州Hezhou Guangxi	255.78±35.11(35.81±6.77)	309.37±72.81(29.88±2.12)	565.15±103.72(32.18±2.51)
广东肇庆Zhaoqing Guangdong	156.51±36.13(48.29±4.54)	171.653±24.285(28.08±1.478)	329.16±60.92(34.83±1.39)

表4

图3

图4

图5

表5

图6

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样点 Site	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude	海拔 Altitude/m	胸径 DBH/cm	树高 Tree height/m	林龄 Age/a	郁闭度 Canopy density	林木密度 Stand density/ hm^-2	年平均温 Mean annual temperature/ ℃	年降水量 Mean annual precipitation/ mm	土壤类型 Soil type	土壤全氮 Soil total nitrogen/v(g·kg^-1)	土壤全磷 Soil total phosphorus/ (g·kg^-1)	土壤全钾 Soil total potassium/ (g·kg^-1)
陕西汉中 Hanzhong Shaanxi	107.13°	33.33°	586	17.7±6	14.1±3	35	0.7	1 625	15.3	812.1	黄棕壤Yellow brown earths	0.82	0.40	18.61
四川万源 Wanyuan Sichuan	108.04°	32.13°	887	18.1±3	17.6±2	39	0.7	1 889	12.5	955.6	黄壤Yellow earths	0.51	0.32	11.88
重庆忠县 Zhongxian Chongqing	108.05°	30.41°	887	17.3±2	16.2±1	31	0.6	1 444	15.2	1 194.4	黄壤Yellow earths	0.64	0.34	15.07
湖北宣恩 Xuan’en Hubei	109.5°	29.96°	859	22.9±2	14.4±1	31	0.6	815	14.9	1 263.5	黄壤Yellow earths	1.52	0.31	12.76
湖南永顺 Yongshun Hunan	109.95°	29.11°	456	19.9±2	16.3±1	21	0.7	1 157	15.4	1 286.7	黄壤Yellow earths	1.76	0.34	16.90
湖南会同 Huitong Hunan	109.64°	26.80°	301	21.6±4	18.2±2	25	0.6	1 585	17.8	1 347.2	红壤Red earth	1.33	0.34	11.99
广西桂林 Guilin Guangxi	110.31°	25.06°	145	24.5±3	17.7±2	25	0.6	1 008	20.0	1 717.5	红壤Red earth	0.98	0.27	8.41
广西贺州 Hezhou Guangxi	111.70°	24.15°	279	25.3±4	15.9±2	24	0.6	540	20.5	1 672.5	红壤Red earth	2.02	0.34	22.03
广东肇庆 Zhaoqing Guangdong	112.50°	23.09°	45	21.2±3	13.7±3	22	0.6	1 283	21.5	1 768.9	红壤Red earth	1.72	0.34	22.75

因子 Indicators	年均生物量 Mean annual biomass	非结构性碳水化合物含量 Non-structural carbohydrate content	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content	淀粉含量 Starch content
器官Organ	16.875^***	8.104^***	7.807^***	2.458
纬度Latitude	50.207^***	29.379^***	17.031^***	17.171^***
器官×纬度Organ ×Latitude	7.122^***	5.490^**	5.699^**	1.450

因子 Indicator	非结构性碳水化合物库 Non-structural carbohydrate pool	可溶性糖库 Soluble sugar pool	淀粉库 Starch pool
器官Organ	15.778^***	7.986^***	22.676^***
纬度Latitude	79.852^***	47.059^***	85.539^***
器官×纬度Organ×latitude	10.407^***	5.678^**	13.687^***

影响因子 Influenced factor	非结构性碳水化合物库 Non-structural carbon pool	淀粉库 Starch pool	可溶性糖库 Sugar pool
年平均温度Mean annual temperature	0.696^***	0.703^***	0.655^***
年均最冷月最低温Mean annualminimum temperature of the coldest month	0.631^***	0.663^***	0.564^***
年均最热月最高温Mean annual maximum temperature of the warmest month	0.653^***	0.69^***	0.578^***
年降雨总量Mean annual precipitaiton	0.715^***	0.755^***	0.634^***
帕默尔干旱强度指数Palmer drought severity index	-0.204	-0.176	-0.228
土壤全氮Soil total nitrogen	0.676^***	0.651^***	0.674^***
土壤全磷Soil total phosphorus	-0.148	-0.178	-0.106
土壤全钾Soil total potassium	0.320	0.262	0.375^***
土壤氮磷比Soil nitrogen/phosphorus ratio	0.675^***	0.658^***	0.664^***
土壤氮钾比Soil nitrogen/potassium ratio	-0.29	-0.246	-0.33
土壤磷钾比Soil phosphorus/potassium ratio	0.286	0.333	0.217

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