关键词: 森林, 生态产品价值, 实现效率, Super-SBM模型, Malmquist指数

Abstract:

Objective: Zhejiang is the birthplace and the first practice place of the "Two Mountains "Idea. Establishing and improving the value realization mechanism of forest ecological products is an important exploration of Zhejiang to take the lead in practicing the "Two Mountains "Idea. This study evaluates the value realization efficiency of forest ecological products scientifically, in order to provide a scientific basis for measuring the practical effect and approach optimization of the practices of "Two Mountains" Idea in Zhejiang. Methods: An input-output indicators system for the value realization efficiency of forest ecological products was constructed, and the Super-SBM model and Malmquist index were used to measure the value realization efficiency of forest ecological products in Zhejiang Province and its temporal and spatial patterns using the InVEST model and the GIS technology, and to identify the approach optimization strategy. Results: From 2000 to 2020, the value of forest ecological products in Zhejiang Province showed a fluctuating upward trend. Carbon fixation and oxygen release, soil conservation, and cultural services were the main forest ecological products. The forest ecosystem played an important role in carbon fixation, oxygen release and soil conservation. In 2020, the value of forest ecological service products in Zhejiang Province was 1.94 times of the total output value of forestry, much higher than the national average of 1.73 times of the level of 12.14%. The total output value of forestry in Zhejiang Province shows a continuous growth trend. The secondary industry has become the absolute dominant industry of forestry in Zhejiang Province. The output value of the tertiary forestry industry has grown rapidly, and its proportion of the industry has continued to increase. The value realization efficiency of forest ecological products in Zhejiang Province is generally high, and the efficiency in 11 prefectures and cities continues to improve. Zhejiang Province has made remarkable achievements in practical application of the "Two Mountains" Idea; The total factor productivity of products shows a fluctuating and growing trend, and the fluctuating trends of total factor productivity in various regions and cities overlap with the changes in the technological progress index to a high degree. The improvement of forestry technical efficiency is the main reason for changing the value realization efficiency of forest ecological products. The total factor productivity is lower than 1, and its forestry technology progress has not played a positive role in promoting the value realization of forest ecological products, and the specific reasons for the realization efficiency loss in different cities are different. Conclusion: All prefectures and cities should formulate specific policies and measures according to the actual situation and local conditions, continuously optimize the input structure of production factors, improve the technical service system of the modern forestry industry, intensify the application of new scientific and technological products, and further improve the value realization efficiency through technological progress and management innovation, providing a demonstration model for the areas rich in forest resources.

Key words: forest, value of ecological product, realization efficiency, Super-SBM model, Malmquist index