林业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (11): 1-12.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20211101
马凡强1,郭泉水1,*,秦爱丽1,简尊吉1,黄吉勇2,王中兵2,杨泉3,张世强4
收稿日期:
2020-05-15
出版日期:
2021-11-25
发布日期:
2022-01-12
通讯作者:
郭泉水
基金资助:
Fanqiang Ma1,Quanshui Guo1,*,Aili Qin1,Zunji Jian1,Jiyong Huang2,Zhongbing Wang2,Quan Yang3,Shiqiang Zhang4
Received:
2020-05-15
Online:
2021-11-25
Published:
2022-01-12
Contact:
Quanshui Guo
摘要:
目的: 研究崖柏回归初期苗木存活和生长与环境因子的关系,揭示影响崖柏回归初期苗木存活和生长的主要环境因子,为回归崖柏生境管理提供科学依据。方法: 采用典型抽样法,在重庆市开州区和城口县崖柏回归区内布设142块20 m×20 m样地,调查崖柏的保存率、苗高、地径和冠幅以及气候、地形、土壤、生物、回归地利用和管理方式等因子。运用灰色关联分析法,揭示影响回归崖柏苗木存活和生长的主要环境因子;运用回归分析法,研究回归崖柏苗木存活和生长指标随主要因子的变化。结果: 影响回归崖柏苗木存活和生长的主要环境因子因地而异,在开州崖柏回归区影响最大的是回归地利用和管理方式,其次是气候因子中的最冷月最低气温和年均气温,地形因子中的坡向,土壤因子中的土壤有效钾含量、土壤有效氮含量和土壤总孔隙度;在城口崖柏回归区影响最大的是气候因子中的最冷月最低气温,其次是气候因子中的年均气温和月均昼夜温差,地形因子中的坡度,土壤因子中的土壤全钾含量和土壤非毛管孔隙度以及生物因子中的杂草盖度。在开州回归区,崖柏的苗高和地径与最冷月最低气温、年均气温呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)正相关,冠幅与年均气温、土壤有效钾含量、土壤有效氮含量和土壤总孔隙度呈显著或极显著正相关;在城口回归区,苗高、地径、冠幅与最冷月最低气温呈极显著正相关,冠幅与年均气温、苗高与月均昼夜温差呈显著正相关,冠幅与土壤全钾含量呈极显著正相关。开州回归区苗木保存率与土壤有效钾含量呈显著负相关。崖柏苗木的地径和冠幅以阴坡最大,苗木保存率以半阳坡最高;间作农作物的地径最粗,林冠下造林的地径最细;间作药材的冠幅最大,撂荒地的冠幅最小;间作农作物的苗木保存率大,苗木较高,但与其他回归地利用和管理方式的差异不显著。结论: 气候、地形、土壤、生物、回归地利用和管理方式中的各项指标对崖柏回归初期苗木存活和生长均有一定影响,但以气候因子中的最冷月最低气温及回归地利用和管理方式的影响最大。在开州崖柏回归区回归地利用和管理方式影响最大,在城口崖柏回归区气候因子中的最冷月最低气温的影响最大,其他环境因子影响相对较小。
中图分类号:
马凡强,郭泉水,秦爱丽,简尊吉,黄吉勇,王中兵,杨泉,张世强. 濒危植物崖柏回归苗木存活和生长与环境因子的关联性[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(11): 1-12.
Fanqiang Ma,Quanshui Guo,Aili Qin,Zunji Jian,Jiyong Huang,Zhongbing Wang,Quan Yang,Shiqiang Zhang. Survival and Growth of Reintroduced Thuja sutchuenensis Seedlings in Relation to Environmental Factors[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(11): 1-12.
表1
崖柏回归样地定量的环境因子信息"
环境因子分类 Classification of environmental factors | 指标 Indicator | 开州 Kaizhou | 城口 Chengkou |
地形因子 Topographic factor | 海拔Elevation/m | 598~1 637 | 1 041~1 622 |
坡度Slope gradient/(°) | 1.00~45.00 | 2.00~40.00 | |
气候因子 Climatic factor | 年均气温Mean annual temperature/℃ | 9.35~16.03 | 7.87~10.75 |
月均昼夜温差Mean diurnal range(mean of monthly)/℃ | 7.13~9.67 | 9.12~9.88 | |
最冷月最低气温Minimum temperature of the coldest month/℃ | -5.80~0.80 | -7.40~5.30 | |
年均降水量Mean annual precipitation/mm | 1 184~1 224 | 1 175~1 209 | |
土壤因子 Edaphic factor | 含水率Moisture content (%) | 2.96~68.31 | 14.39~43.38 |
密度Density/(g·cm-3) | 0.62~1.71 | 1.06~1.39 | |
最大持水量Maximum moisture capacity/(g·kg-1) | 226.31~936.06 | 325.39~534.70 | |
毛管持水量Capillary moisture capacity/(g· kg-1) | 91.68~734.53 | 158.41~413.85 | |
最小持水量Minimum moisture capacity/(g· kg-1) | 25.21~667.02 | 74.27~297.42 | |
非毛管孔隙度Non-capillary porosity (%) | 3.47~49.72 | 23.37~47.91 | |
总孔隙度Total porosity (%) | 48.78~84.04 | 55.20~72.63 | |
有机质含量Organic matter content/(g·kg-1) | 4.11~78.76 | 13.96~38.81 | |
全氮含量Total nitrogen content/(g·kg-1) | 0.44~3.83 | 0.87~2.29 | |
全磷含量Total phosphorus content/(g·kg-1) | 0.14~1.93 | 0.33~0.99 | |
全钾含量Total potassium content/(g·kg-1) | 15.73~39.67 | 32.28~80.70 | |
有效氮含量Available nitrogen content/(mg·kg-1) | 32.05~303.60 | 21.48~51.42 | |
有效磷含量Available phosphorus content/(mg·kg-1) | 1.64~121.27 | 3.49~24.31 | |
有效钾含量Available potassium content/(mg·kg-1) | 70~450 | 70~310 | |
pH | 4.67~8.20 | 4.84~8.19 | |
生物因子 Biotic factor | 杂草盖度Weeds coverage (%) | 0~100 | 30~100 |
杂草高度Weeds height/cm | 0~145 | 4~110 |
表2
崖柏回归样地定性的环境因子信息"
环境因子分类 Classification of environmental factors | 指标 Indicator | 样地数量Number of sample plots | |
开州 Kaizhou | 城口 Chengkou | ||
地形因子 Topographic factor | 阴坡Shady slope | 40 | 21 |
半阴坡Semi-shady slope | 23 | 5 | |
阳坡Sunny slope | 15 | 5 | |
半阳坡Semi-sunny slope | 32 | 1 | |
上坡Upper slope | 26 | 1 | |
中坡Middle slope | 63 | 27 | |
下坡Lower slope | 21 | 4 | |
回归地利用和管理方式 Land use and management type | 间作农作物Intercropping with crops | 48 | 9 |
间作药材Intercropping with medicinal materials | 31 | 3 | |
林冠下造林Afforestation under canopy | 19 | 10 | |
撂荒Abandoned land | 12 | 10 |
表3
回归崖柏苗木保存率和生长指标①"
回归区 Introduced region | 苗龄 Seedling age/a | 保存率 Preservation ratio(%) | 生长指标平均值Mean growth indicator | 年均生长量Mean annual increment | |||||
苗高 Seedling height/cm | 地径 Basal diameter/mm | 冠幅 Crown width/cm | 苗高 Seedling height/(cm·a-1) | 地径 Basal diameter/(mm·a-1) | 冠幅 Crown width/(cm·a-1) | ||||
开州Kaizhou | 5.5 | 82±1a | 68.68±1.20a | 17.31±0.54a | 44.53±1.15a | 12.49±0.22a | 3.15±0.10a | 8.10±0.21a | |
城口Chengkou | 6.3 | 95±1b | 83.44±2.30b | 23.61±1.07b | 57.02±2.26b | 13.24±0.37b | 3.75±0.17b | 9.05±0.36b |
表4
开州回归区崖柏苗木保存率和生长指标与环境因子指标的灰色关联度及其排序"
环境因子指标 Environmental factor | 关联度Grey correlation degree | 关联度均值 Mean of correlation | 排序 Ranking | |||
保存率 Preservation ratio | 苗高 Seedling height | 地径 Basal diameter | 冠幅 Crown width | |||
回归地利用和管理方式Land use and management type | 0.77 | 0.71 | 0.78 | 0.74 | 0.75 | 1 |
最冷月最低气温Minimum temperature of the coldest month | 0.76 | 0.72 | 0.81 | 0.68 | 0.74 | 2 |
年均气温Mean annual temperature | 0.76 | 0.72 | 0.80 | 0.67 | 0.74 | 3 |
坡向Slope aspect | 0.73 | 0.70 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.74 | 4 |
土壤有效钾含量Soil available potassium content | 0.74 | 0.69 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.73 | 5 |
土壤有效氮含量Soil available nitrogen content | 0.76 | 0.69 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 6 |
土壤总孔隙度Soil total porosity | 0.76 | 0.69 | 0.71 | 0.74 | 0.73 | 7 |
土壤毛管持水量Soil capillary moisture capacity | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.72 | 8 |
土壤最小持水量Soil minimum moisture capacity | 0.72 | 0.67 | 0.76 | 0.74 | 0.72 | 9 |
土壤含水率Soil moisture content | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.74 | 0.75 | 0.72 | 10 |
土壤最大持水量Soil maximum moisture capacity | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.73 | 0.74 | 0.72 | 11 |
土壤pH Soil pH | 0.73 | 0.69 | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.72 | 12 |
土壤密度Soil density | 0.78 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.66 | 0.71 | 13 |
土壤全磷含量Soil total phosphorus content | 0.77 | 0.68 | 0.71 | 0.69 | 0.71 | 14 |
土壤有机质含量Soil organic matter content | 0.76 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 15 |
土壤非毛管孔隙度Soil non-capillary porosity | 0.78 | 0.67 | 0.69 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 16 |
海拔Elevation | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.69 | 0.75 | 0.71 | 17 |
土壤全氮含量Soil total nitrogen content | 0.76 | 0.68 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 18 |
杂草盖度Weeds coverage | 0.73 | 0.68 | 0.72 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 19 |
坡位Slope position | 0.77 | 0.69 | 0.71 | 0.67 | 0.71 | 20 |
坡度Slope | 0.75 | 0.67 | 0.70 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 21 |
月均昼夜温差Mean diurnal range | 0.77 | 0.66 | 0.67 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 22 |
年均降水量Mean annual precipitation | 0.66 | 0.68 | 0.7 | 0.67 | 0.68 | 23 |
土壤有效磷含量Soil available phosphorus content | 0.66 | 0.67 | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.66 | 24 |
土壤全钾含量Soil total potassium content | 0.63 | 0.66 | 0.62 | 0.69 | 0.65 | 25 |
杂草高度Weeds height | 0.65 | 0.66 | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.65 | 26 |
表5
城口回归区崖柏苗木保存率和生长指标与环境因子指标的灰色关联度及其排序"
环境因子指标 Environmental factor | 关联度Grey correlation degree | 关联度均值 Mean of correlation | 排序 Ranking | |||
保存率 Preservation ratio | 苗高 Seedling height | 地径 Basal diameter | 冠幅 Crown width | |||
最冷月最低气温Minimum temperature of the coldest month | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.81 | 1 |
年均气温Mean annual temperature | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.81 | 2 |
月均昼夜温差Mean diurnal range | 0.75 | 0.77 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.81 | 3 |
坡度Slope gradient | 0.72 | 0.75 | 0.81 | 0.82 | 0.78 | 4 |
土壤全钾含量Soil total potassium content | 0.74 | 0.75 | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.77 | 5 |
土壤非毛管孔隙度Soil non-capillary porosity | 0.75 | 0.74 | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.77 | 6 |
杂草盖度Weeds coverage | 0.73 | 0.76 | 0.80 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 7 |
土壤最大持水量Soil maximum moisture capacity | 0.69 | 0.75 | 0.80 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 8 |
土壤有机质含量Soil organic matter content | 0.70 | 0.74 | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.75 | 9 |
土壤全氮含量Soil total nitrogen content | 0.71 | 0.73 | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.75 | 10 |
土壤全磷含量Soil total phosphorus content | 0.73 | 0.69 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.74 | 11 |
土壤密度Soil density | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.74 | 12 |
土壤有效钾含量Soil available potassium content | 0.68 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.74 | 13 |
回归地利用和管理方式Land use and management type | 0.70 | 0.69 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.73 | 14 |
海拔Elevation | 0.65 | 0.74 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 0.72 | 15 |
土壤总孔隙度Soil total porosity | 0.67 | 0.73 | 0.76 | 0.73 | 0.72 | 16 |
土壤pH Soil pH | 0.69 | 0.72 | 0.74 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 17 |
年均降水量Mean annual precipitation | 0.67 | 0.70 | 0.75 | 0.72 | 0.71 | 18 |
土壤最小持水量Soil minimum moisture capacity | 0.65 | 0.69 | 0.75 | 0.71 | 0.70 | 19 |
土壤含水率Soil moisture content | 0.66 | 0.71 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 20 |
土壤毛管持水量Soil capillary moisture capacity | 0.65 | 0.69 | 0.74 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 21 |
土壤有效磷含量Soil available phosphorus | 0.69 | 0.61 | 0.71 | 0.68 | 0.67 | 22 |
土壤有效氮含量Soil available nitrogen | 0.65 | 0.63 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.67 | 23 |
坡位Slope position | 0.63 | 0.60 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.66 | 24 |
坡向Slope aspect | 0.67 | 0.61 | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 25 |
杂草高度Weeds height | 0.58 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.61 | 0.60 | 26 |
表6
开州回归区崖柏苗木保存率和生长指标与关联度排序前7位的定量环境因子指标的回归分析结果①"
自变量 Independent variable(x) | 因变量 Dependent variable(y) | 方程 Equation | 决定系数 Determined coefficient (R2) | 显著性P Significance of equation (P) |
最冷月最低气温 Minimum temperature of the coldest month/℃ | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = 2 212-0.32x+80.4 | <0.01 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 1.08x+71.9 | 0.05 | P<0.05 | |
地径Basal diameter | y = 1.19x+20.9 | 0.28 | P<0.01 | |
冠幅Crown width | y = -0.68x+42.5 | 0.02 | ||
年均气温 Mean annual temperature/℃ | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = -0.17x+83.6 | <0.01 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 1.04x+55.9 | 0.04 | P<0.05 | |
地径Basal diameter | y = 1.2x+2.7 | 0.28 | P<0.01 | |
冠幅Crown width | y = -0.9x+55.8 | 0.04 | P<0.05 | |
土壤有效钾含量 Soil available potassium content/(mg·kg-1) | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = -0.04x+91 | 0.06 | P<0.01 |
苗高Seedling height | y = 0.01x+66.4 | <0.01 | ||
地径Basal diameter | y = 0.003x+16.5 | <0.01 | ||
冠幅Crown width | y = 0.04x+33.6 | 0.12 | P<0.01 | |
土壤有效氮含量 Soil available nitrogen content/(mg·kg-1) | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = 0.05x+73.7 | 0.02 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 0.005x+68.2 | <0.01 | ||
地径Basal diameter | y = 0.01x+16.4 | <0.01 | ||
冠幅Crown width | y = 0.09x+28.7 | 0.12 | P<0.05 | |
土壤总孔隙度 Soil total porosity(%) | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = 0.25x+65.9 | 0.01 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 0.01x+67.9 | <0.01 | ||
地径Basal diameter | y = -0.12x+24 | 0.02 | ||
冠幅Crown width | y = 0.54x+11.2 | 0.09 | P<0.01 |
表7
城口回归区崖柏苗木保存率和生长指标与关联度排序前7位的定量环境因子指标的回归分析结果①"
自变量 Independent variable(x) | 因变量 Dependent variable(y) | 方程 Equation | 决定系数 Determined coefficient (R2) | 显著性 Significance of equation (P) |
最冷月最低气温 Minimum temperature of the coldest month/℃ | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = 0.24x+96.6 | <0.01 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 8.84x+135 | 0.21 | P<0.01 | |
地径Basal diameter | y = 4.47x+49.7 | 0.25 | P<0.01 | |
冠幅Canopy width | y = 10.1x+116.1 | 0.29 | P<0.01 | |
年均气温 Mean annual temperature/℃ | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = 1.09x+93.88 | 0.12 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 0.96x+73.5 | 0.01 | ||
地径Basal diameter | y = 0.68x+16.5 | 0.03 | ||
冠幅Canopy width | y = 3.77x+18 | 0.19 | P<0.05 | |
月均昼夜温差 Mean diurnal range (mean of monthly)/℃ | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = 3.24x+63.5 | 0.07 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 15.3x-65.6 | 0.20 | P<0.05 | |
地径Basal diameter | y = 5.34x-28.6 | 0.11 | ||
冠幅Canopy width | y = 10.97x-50.2 | 0.11 | ||
坡度 Slope gradient/(°) | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = -0.06x+96.7 | 0.01 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 0.18x+78.8 | 0.02 | ||
地径Basal diameter | y = 0.04x+22.7 | <0.01 | ||
冠幅Canopy width | y = 0.25x+50.8 | 0.03 | ||
土壤全钾含量 Soil total potassium content/ (g·kg-1) | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = 0.07x+91.1 | 0.05 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 0.29x+67.4 | 0.12 | ||
地径Basal diameter | y = 0.12x+17.1 | 0.09 | ||
冠幅Canopy width | y = 0.45x+32.2 | 0.29 | P<0.01 | |
土壤非毛管孔隙度 Soil non-capillary porosity (%) | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = 0.2x+88.9 | 0.08 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 0.32x+73.1 | 0.03 | ||
地径Basal diameter | y = 0.18x+17.7 | 0.04 | ||
冠幅Canopy width | y = 0.59x+37.8 | 0.10 | ||
杂草盖度 Weeds coverage (%) | 保存率Preservation ratio | y = -0.06x+100 | 0.06 | |
苗高Seedling height | y = 0.15x+69.9 | 0.05 | ||
地径Basal diameter | y = -0.011 5x+24 | <0.01 | ||
冠幅Canopy width | y = -0.09x+63.9 | 0.03 |
陈迪文, 江永, 敖俊华, 等. 甘蔗钾营养研究进展. 农业科学, 2017, 7 (6): 443- 450. | |
Chen D W , Jiang Y , Ao J H , et al. Research progress on potassium nutrition in sugarcane. Hans Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 7 (6): 443- 450. | |
国家林业局. 1999. LY/T 1215—1999. 森林土壤水分-物理性质的测定. 北京: 中国标准出版社. | |
The State Forestry Administration. 1999. LY/T 1215—1999. Determination of forest soil water-physical properties. Beijing: China Standard Press. [in Chinese] | |
国家林业局. 2016. LY/T 2589—2016. 珍稀濒危植物回归指南. 北京: 中国标准出版社. | |
The State Forestry Administration. 2016. LY/T2589—2016. Guidelines on reintroduction practice of rare & endangered plants. Beijing: China Standard Press. [in Chinese] | |
国家林业和草原局. 2020. LY/T 3185—2020. 极小种群野生植物野外回归技术规程. 北京: 中国标准出版社. | |
National Forestry and Grassland Administration. 2020. LY/T3185—2020. Technical regulation for reintroduction of wild plants with extremely small populations. Beijing: China Standard Press. [in Chinese] | |
郭泉水, 秦爱丽, 马凡强, 等. 世界极度濒危物种崖柏研究进展. 世界林业研究, 2015, 28 (6): 18- 22. | |
Guo Q S , Qin A L , Ma F Q , et al. Research progress on Thuja sutchuenensis: a critically endangered species in the world. World Forestry Research, 2015, 28 (6): 18- 22. | |
胡园春, 安广池, 杨宁, 等. 主要气象因子与冬小麦产量的灰色关联度分析. 农学学报, 2020, 10 (2): 92- 95. | |
Hu Y C , An G C , Yang N , et al. Main meteorological factors and winter yield: grey correlation degree analysis. Journal of Agriculture, 2020, 10 (2): 92- 95. | |
黄宏文. 植物迁地保育原理与实践. 北京: 科学出版社, 2018. | |
Huang H W . The principle and practice of ex situ plant conservation. Beijing: Science Press, 2018. | |
简尊吉, 马凡强, 郭泉水, 等. 回归崖柏苗木存活和生长对海拔梯度的响应. 林业科学, 2017, 53 (11): 1- 11.
doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20171101 |
|
Jian Z J , Ma F Q , Guo Q S , et al. Responses of survival and growth of Thuja sutchuenensis reintroduction seedlings to altitude gradient. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53 (11): 1- 11.
doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20171101 |
|
金江群, 郭泉水, 朱莉, 等. 中国特有濒危植物崖柏扦插繁殖研究. 林业科学研究, 2013, 26 (1): 94- 100.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2013.01.016 |
|
Jin J Q , Guo Q S , Zhu L , et al. Study on cutting propagation of Thuja sutchuenensis, an endangered species endemic to China. Forest Research, 2013, 26 (1): 94- 100.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2013.01.016 |
|
李俊清, 牛树奎, 刘艳红. 森林生态学. 2版 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2010. | |
Li J Q , Niu S K , Liu Y H . Forest ecology. 2nd edition Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2010. | |
刘建锋, 肖文发, 郭志华, 等. 珍稀濒危植物——崖柏种群结构与动态初步研究. 江西农业大学学报, 2004, 26 (3): 377- 380.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2286.2004.03.014 |
|
Liu J F , Xiao W F , Guo Z H , et al. A preliminary study on population structure and dynamics of a rare and endangered plant, Thuja sutchuenensis (Cupressaceae). Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 2004, 26 (3): 377- 380.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2286.2004.03.014 |
|
刘建锋, 杨文娟, 江泽平, 等. 遮荫对濒危植物崖柏光合作用和叶绿素荧光参数的影响. 生态学报, 2011, 31 (20): 5999- 6004. | |
Liu J F , Yang W J , Jiang Z P , et al. Effects of shading on photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in leaves of the endangered plant Thuja sutchuenensis. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2011, 31 (20): 5999- 6004. | |
刘旻霞. 甘南高寒草甸植物元素含量与土壤因子对坡向梯度的响应. 生态学报, 2017, 37 (24): 8275- 8284. | |
Liu M X . Response of plant element content and soil factors to the slope gradient of alpine meadows in Gannan. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37 (24): 8275- 8284. | |
刘思峰, 杨英杰, 吴利丰, 等. 灰色系统理论及其应用. 7版 北京: 科学出版社, 2014. | |
Liu S F , Yang Y J , Wu L F , et al. Grey system theory and its application. 7th edition Beijing: Science Press, 2014. | |
马凡强, 秦爱丽, 郭泉水, 等. 极度濒危物种崖柏的地理分布及其生境特征. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36 (7): 1777- 1784. | |
Ma F Q , Qin A L , Guo Q S , et al. Geographical distribution and habitat characteristics of critically endangered species Thuja sutchuenensis. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2017, 36 (7): 1777- 1784. | |
倪东萍, 邓洪平, 顾梨, 等. 重庆大巴山国家级自然保护区森林植物多样性垂直格局. 西北植物学报, 2018, 38 (6): 1171- 1178. | |
Ni D P , Deng H P , Gu L , et al. Altitudinal pattern of vascular plant species diversity of the Dabashan National Nature Reserve in Chongqing. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2018, 38 (6): 1171- 1178. | |
秦爱丽, 郭泉水, 简尊吉, 等. 不同育苗基质对圃地崖柏出苗率和苗木生长的影响. 林业科学, 2015, 51 (9): 9- 17. | |
Qin A L , Guo Q S , Jian Z J , et al. Effects of different nursery substrates on germination rate and seedling growth of Thuja sutchuenensis. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51 (9): 9- 17. | |
任海, 彭少麟, 张奠湘, 等. 报春苣苔的生态生物学特征. 生态学报, 2003, 23 (5): 1012- 1017.
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2003.05.024 |
|
Ren H , Peng S L , Zhang D X , et al. The ecological and biological characteristics of an endangered plant, Primulina tabacum Hance. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2003, 23 (5): 1012- 1017.
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2003.05.024 |
|
孙凡, 袁红叶, 李天云, 等. 重庆雪宝山自然保护区AHP生态评价. 西南农业大学报(自然科学版), 2006, 28 (4): 569- 572. | |
Sun F , Yuan H Y , Li T Y , et al. Ecological assessment of Xuebaoshan Natural Conservation. Journal of Southwest Agricultural University (Natural Science), 2006, 28 (4): 569- 572. | |
汪松, 解焱. 中国物种红色名录. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2004. | |
Wang S , Xie Y . China species red list. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2004. | |
王祥福, 郭泉水, 巴哈尔古丽, 等. 崖柏群落优势乔木种群生态位. 林业科学, 2008, 44 (4): 6- 13.
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2008.04.004 |
|
Wang X F , Guo Q S , Bahaer G L , et al. Niche of dominant arbor populations in Thuja sutchuenensis community. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2008, 44 (4): 6- 13.
doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2008.04.004 |
|
王勇, 吴金清, 陶勇, 等. 三峡库区消涨带特有植物疏花水柏枝(Myricaria laxiflora)的自然分布及迁地保护研究. 武汉植物学研究, 2003, 21 (5): 415- 422.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0837.2003.05.008 |
|
Wang Y , Wu J Q , Tao Y , et al. Natural distribution and Ex Situ conservation of endemic species Myricaria laxiflora in water-level-fluctuation zone within Three-Gorges Reservoir area of Changjiang River. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, 2003, 21 (5): 415- 422.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0837.2003.05.008 |
|
杨海宽, 安沙舟, 张荣华. 昭苏马场草地质量评价最优指标的筛选. 新疆农业科学, 2008, 45 (4): 750- 753. | |
Yang H K , An S Z , Zhang R H . Screening of the most optimal index in grassland quality evaluation of Zhaosu horse farm. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2008, 45 (4): 750- 753. | |
袁铁象, 张合平, 欧芷阳, 等. 地形对桂西南喀斯特山地森林地表植物多样性及分布格局的影响. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25 (10): 2803- 2810. | |
Yuan T X , Zhang H P , Ou Z Y , et al. Effects of topography on the diversity and distribution pattern of ground plants in karst montane forests in southwest Guangxi, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25 (10): 2803- 2810. | |
昝梅, 李登秋, 居为民, 等. 新疆喀纳斯国家自然保护区植被叶面积指数观测与遥感估算. 生态学报, 2013, 33 (15): 4744- 4757. | |
Zan M , Li D Q , Ju W M , et al. Measurement and retrieval of leaf area index using remote sensing data in Kanas National Nature Reserve, Xinjiang. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33 (15): 4744- 4757. | |
张昌顺, 谢高地, 包维楷, 等. 地形对澜沧江源区高寒草甸植物丰富度及其分布格局的影响. 生态学杂志, 2012, 31 (11): 2767- 2774. | |
Zhang C S , Xie G D , Bao W K , et al. Effects of topographic factors on the plant species richness and distribution pattern of alpine meadow in source region of Lancang River, Southwest China. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2012, 31 (11): 2767- 2774. | |
周翔, 高江云. 珍稀濒危植物的回归: 理论和实践. 生物多样性, 2011, 19 (1): 97- 105. | |
Zhou X , Gao J Y . Reintroduction of rare and endangered plants: theories and practices. Biodiversity Science, 2011, 19 (1): 97- 105. | |
朱莉, 郭泉水, 金江群, 等. 崖柏和侧柏幼苗对自然降温的生理生化反应. 林业科学研究, 2013, 26 (2): 220- 226.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2013.02.014 |
|
Zhu L , Guo Q S , Jin J Q , et al. Physiological and biochemical responses of Thuja sutchuenensis and platycladus orientalis seedlings to natural cooling. Forest Research, 2013, 26 (2): 220- 226.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2013.02.014 |
|
朱莉, 郭泉水, 秦爱丽, 等. 世界极危物种——崖柏幼树硬枝扦插繁殖研究. 河北林果研究, 2014, 29 (1): 5- 11. | |
Zhu L , Guo Q S , Qin A L , et al. Study on the hardwood cutting cultivation of a severely endangered species, Thuja sutchuenensis, in the world. Hebei Journal of Forestry and Orchard Research, 2014, 29 (1): 5- 11. | |
Du Z , Hu Y , Buttar N A . Analysis of mechanical properties for tea stem using grey relational analysis coupled with multiple linear regression. Scientia Horticulturae, 2020, 260, 108886.
doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108886 |
|
Godefroid S , Piazza C , Rossi G , et al. How successful are plant species reintroductions?. Biological Conservation, 2011, 144 (2): 672- 682.
doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2010.10.003 |
|
Hancock A M , Witonsky D B , Alkorta-Aranburu G , et al. Adaptations to climate-mediated selective pressures in humans. PLoS Genetics, 2011, 7 (4): e1001375.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001375 |
|
He S Y , Zhong Y L , Sun Y D , et al. Topography-associated thermal gradient predicts warming effects on woody plant structural diversity in a subtropical forest. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7 (1): 1- 10.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-016-0028-x |
|
Hijmans R J , Cameron S E , Parra J L , et al. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 2005, 25 (15): 1965- 1978.
doi: 10.1002/joc.1276 |
|
IU CN . Guidelines for re-introductions. Oxford: Information Press, 1998. | |
Jin J Q , Guo Q S , Han S Y , et al. In vitro propagation of 'lazarus' species Thuja sutchuenensis Franch. Propagation of Ornamental Plants, 2018, 18 (3): 77- 86. | |
LeBauer D S , Treseder K K . Nitrogen limitation of net primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is globally distributed. Ecology, 2008, 89 (2): 371- 379.
doi: 10.1890/06-2057.1 |
|
Liu J F , Shi S Q , Chang E M , et al. Genetic diversity of the critically endangered Thuja sutchuenensis revealed by ISSR markers and the implications for conservation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2013, 14 (7): 14860- 14871.
doi: 10.3390/ijms140714860 |
|
McCune B , Keon D . Equations for potential annual direct incident radiation and heat load. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2002, 13 (4): 603- 606.
doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2002.tb02087.x |
|
Oosterhuis D M , Loka D A , Kawakami E M , et al. The physiology of potassium in crop production. Advances in Agronomy, 2014, 126, 203- 233. | |
Qin A L , Liu B , Guo Q S , et al. Maxent modeling for predicting impacts of climate change on the potential distribution of Thuja sutchuenensis Franch., an extremely endangered conifer from southwestern China. Global Ecology and Conservation, 2017, 10, 139- 146.
doi: 10.1016/j.gecco.2017.02.004 |
|
Stewart S L . Orchid reintroduction in the United States: a mini-review. North American Native Orchid Journal, 2008, 14 (1): 54- 59. | |
Tsay Y F , Ho C H , Chen H Y , et al. Integration of nitrogen and potassium signaling. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2011, 62 (1): 207- 226.
doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103837 |
|
Xiang Q P , Fajon A , Li Z Y , et al. Thuja sutchuenensis: a rediscovered species of the Cupressaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2002, 139 (3): 305- 310.
doi: 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.00055.x |
[1] | 薛海连,田相林,曹田健. 利用经验-过程混合建模方法优化华山松过程模型的参数[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(9): 21-33. |
[2] | 周紫晶,范付华,尚先文,覃慧娟,王聪慧,丁贵杰,谭健晖. 外源IAA对马尾松幼苗茎干次生生长的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(9): 42-51. |
[3] | 鲁乐乐,王震,张雄清,张建国. 基于贝叶斯模型平均法和逐步回归法构建杉木单木胸径生长模型[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(9): 87-97. |
[4] | 陈海波,郭丽,张真,孔祥波,张苏芳,刘福. 杨树人工林种间混交对生长性状和食叶害虫抗性的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(8): 133-140. |
[5] | 张维伟,赵忠,刘金良,邓平. 桥山林区3种麻栎群落类型的种群动态与幼苗特征[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(7): 1-10. |
[6] | 陈敏,赖华燕,郑姗姗,李明,马祥庆,吴鹏飞. 磷胁迫下外源乙烯对杉木幼苗生长及磷素利用的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(7): 43-50. |
[7] | 王苗苗,刘勇,李国雷,彭玉信,刘春和,赵建松,王书红,蕫彪,王长伟,赵蕊蕊. 秋季施肥对毛白杨苗木质量、造林效果和养分回流的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(7): 51-60. |
[8] | 赵鹏宇,白雪,燕平梅,赵晓东,武晓英,柴宝峰. 华北落叶松林土壤细菌群落结构与表型的环境异质性响应[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(7): 101-110. |
[9] | 白蕤,李宁,刘少军,陈小敏,邹海平,吕润. 未来气候变化背景下橡胶树白根病在中国的风险分析[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(6): 37-45. |
[10] | 刘卫平,宋维,高超,赵燕东. 基于活立木茎干含水量的杨树生长状态评估模型构建[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(5): 43-52. |
[11] | 欧阳白,李珠,蒋佳荔. 楸木早/晚材水分吸着与湿胀行为[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(5): 176-183. |
[12] | 王彬,于澎涛,于艺鹏,张雷,王彦辉,万艳芳,杨文娟,王顺利,刘贤德. 祁连山不同年龄青海云杉径向生长对气候变化的响应[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(3): 1-8. |
[13] | 臧颢,刘洪生,黄锦程,张祖栋,欧阳勋志,宁金魁. 竞争和气候及其交互作用对杉木人工林胸径生长的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(3): 39-50. |
[14] | 田相林,廖梓延,孙帅超,薛海连,王彬,曹田健. 多源数据对林分动态预测的影响及不确定性分析[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(3): 51-66. |
[15] | 李文博,吕振刚,黄选瑞,张志东. 河北省北部华北落叶松人工林立地指数空间分布预测[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(3): 79-89. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||