关键词: 牛栏山-马坡镇, 人居林结构, 动态变化, i-Tree模型, 生态效益

Abstract: [Objective] With countries exploring the new village construction continuously, village human habitat forest has attracted increasing attention. The article aims to acquire the characteristics of village human habitat forest, analyze the dynamic change of tree canopy cover, and calculate the number of ecological services to provide the reference for the urban planning and rural development.[Method] In this study, we adopted sampling method to get the characteristics of village human habitat forest in Niulanshan-Mapo town in 2015. Considering this, we primarily investigated the different varieties of growth index, the statistic of families, genus, and species, the analysis of advantage families, genus, and species. The interpretation of the pattern of tree canopy cover with the remote-sensing image in the year of 2001 and 2015, respectively. We adopted the i-Tree model to calculate the ecological benefits based on tree information from the field investigation.[Result] 1) The field survey showed that there were a total of 25 families, 37 genera, and 68 species in Niulanshan-Mapo town. From the numeric aspect, Leguminosae, Sophora, and Sophora japonica were the most. Comparatively, the Ebenaceae, Diospyros, and Populus tomentosa were less. 2) The area of village human habitat forest increased significantly by 842.64 hm². Among all the increases, the expansion of the nursery forest was high while the farmland forest and economic fruit forest reduced. The patch number of village human habitat forest increased from 10 853 in 2001 to 13 048 in 2015, and the average patch area increased from 0.04 hm² to 0.1 hm². Other than the roadway forest, the area of the other human forests showed the increases at different levels. 3) The annual quantity of carbon storage, carbon sequestration, oxygen production, runoff-control and pollution removal by the village human habitat forest in Niulanshan-Mapo town was 36 973.77 t,1 325.70 t, 3 418.07 t,121 401.56 m³ and 52.36 t, respectively.[Conclusion] 1)Most of human habitat forest in Beijing fringe area is native tree species, including 25 families, 37 genera and 68 species. 2) With the development of urbanization, the village human habitat forests didn't decrease in Niulanshan-Mapo town during the studied 14 years. By contrast, it showed an increasing trend, which was mainly because of the increase in nursery stock. 3) Human habitat forest has provided a lot of ecological benefits for Niulanshan-Mapo town, including carbon sequestration and oxygen release, rainstorm runoff reduction and pollutant removal. In order to improve the ecological benefits, average patch area and gross area of human habitat forest should be increased.

Key words: Niulanshan-Mapo town, human habitat forest structure, dynamic change, i-Tree model, ecological benefits