关键词: 缙云山, 樟科植物, 叶片精油, 挥发性成分, GC-MS

Abstract: [Objective] To provide basic data for developing the resources of 4 common wild species of Lauraceae plants (Neolitsea levinei; Neolitsea aurata var. glauca; Litsea elongata var. subverticillate; Litsea mollis) in Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve, we conducted a study on the extraction of the essential oil, identification of volatile components and composition of leaves of the 4 species.[Method] In this paper, the representative plant leaves were collected and the essential oil was extracted with steam distillation. The volatile components in the essential oil were separated and identified by GC-MS coupled with Computer Searching System and manual retrieval.[Result] The extracting rate of essential oil from the four species was 0.211 6%,0.063 4%,0.258 4%,and 0.698 2%, respectively. The extracting rate was the highest from L. mollis, while it was the lowest in N. aurata var. glauca. A total of 160 volatile components were identified from essential oils of the four species leaves, and among them N. Levinei had 78 ingredients mainly including Borneol acetate (9.11%), β-Eudesmol (7.85%), and 4-Terpineol (7.58%). N. aurata var. glauca had 65 components and was rich in 4-Terpineol (8.75%), Longifolene (7.72%), and β-Caryophyllene (6.79%). L. elongata var. subverticillate had 67, among which the dominant components were α-Bergamotene (7.72%), (1R)-α-Pinene (6.70%), and α-Caryophyllene (6.58%). L. mollis had 67 components, dominated by D-Limonene (8.46%), β-Elemene (7.66%), and trans-Geraniol (7.01%). The essential oil of N. Levinei was Borneol acetate type, that of N. aurata var. glauca was Longifolene type, that of L. elongata var. subverticillate was α-Bergamotene type, and that of L. mollis was β-Elemene/trans-Geraniol type. The difference of volatile components and content in leaves essential oil of the four species was largely oriented by their genetic background. There were 53 hydrocarbons, 48 alcohols, 19 ketones, 11 esters, 10 aldehydes, 4 naphthalenes, 2 benzenes and 13 others in the essential oils of the 4 species. The volatile components of the essential oils mainly belong to hydrocarbons and alcohols. Most of the hydrocarbons and alcohols have strong aroma, which should be the prime fragrance source of the 4 essential oils.[Conclusion] This paper revealed the composing types and characteristics of volatile components in leaves oils from four Lauraceae wild species in Jinyun Mountain and discussed their industrial applying value of the volatile components by literature analysis. This study provides a theoretical foundation for exploitation of wild species resources in Chongqing.

Key words: Jinyun Mountain, Lauraceae plants, leaf essemtial oil, volatile components, GC-MS