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林业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (11): 131-141.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20171115

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

油用凤丹牡丹不同种植时间根际细菌群落多样性变化

郭丽丽1, 尹伟伦2, 郭大龙1, 侯小改1   

  1. 1. 河南科技大学农学院 洛阳 471023;
    2. 北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-07 修回日期:2017-10-17 出版日期:2017-11-25 发布日期:2017-12-13
  • 基金资助:
    河南省科技创新杰出人才项目(164200510013);国家自然科学基金项目(31370697);河南科技大学创新团队计划(2015TTD003)。

Variations of Bacterial Biodiversity in Rhizosphere Soils of Oil Tree Peony Cropping Continuously for Different Years

Guo Lili1, Yin Weilun2, Guo Dalong1, Hou Xiaogai1   

  1. 1. College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471023;
    2. College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083
  • Received:2017-08-07 Revised:2017-10-17 Online:2017-11-25 Published:2017-12-13

摘要: [目的]土壤微生物在林业生态系统中具有重要的功能,解析油用凤丹牡丹长期人工种植后根际土壤中细菌群落结构多样性变化情况,为揭示油用凤丹牡丹长期连作后根际病害抑制性土壤形成的机制奠定基础。[方法]试验采集种植2、4、5、10和32年生凤丹牡丹的根际土壤,应用IlluminaMiSeq高通量测序技术,分析土壤细菌16S rRNA基因V3+V4区域的丰富度和多样性指数,研究连作对凤丹牡丹根际细菌群落结构及多样性的影响。[结果]源于不同种植时间(年限)的15个根际土壤样本共获得2 366个涵盖24门、79纲、113目、117科、103属的OTUs。凤丹牡丹根际土壤中心优势菌群为:变形菌门(34%)、酸杆菌门(14%)、浮霉菌门(14%)和放线菌门(10%)等。纲层次上的优势菌群为:变形菌门的δ-变形菌纲(26%)、α-变形杆菌纲(25%)、β-变形菌纲(15%)和γ-变形菌纲(15%);酸杆菌门的酸杆菌纲(44%)和Solibacteres(14%);浮霉菌门的浮霉菌纲(27%)和Planctomycetia(60%);放线菌门的放线菌纲(25%)、酸微菌纲(18%)、嗜热油菌纲(17%)、MB-A2-108(15%)、红杆菌纲(10%)。[结论]不同种植年限凤丹牡丹土壤中细菌优势菌群组成结构变化较小,但菌群多样性呈下降趋势;不同种植年限的土壤具有特异性、高丰度和低丰度细菌种属。随种植年限延长,酸杆菌门等细菌群落逐年积累,绿菌门和纤维杆菌门等特异性菌群出现,放线菌门、变形菌门、浮霉菌门等菌群丰度逐年降低,疣微菌门等菌群消失的现象可能是造成多年连续单一种植凤丹牡丹土壤细菌选择性抑制生长以及土壤病害发生、土壤退化的重要原因之一。凤丹牡丹根际微生物对维持根际土壤微环境具有重要的生态学意义。

关键词: 凤丹牡丹, 种植年限, 根际土壤, Illumina高通量测序, 细菌多样性

Abstract: [Objective]Soil microbes have important ecological functions in forest ecosystems. The status of microbial community diversity in rhizosphere soils of oil tree peony may lay a solid foundation for revealing the mechanism of the formation of the poor soil with long-term continuous cropping.[Method]The technique of IlluminaMiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to detect abundance and diversity of the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA genes of bacteria in the rhizosphere soils in which the oil tree peony ‘Fengdan’ (Paeonia ostii) were planted for 2, 4, 5, 10 and 32 years respectively, to study the effects of continuous cropping system on the structure and diversity of soil bacterial community composition.[Result]Total of 2 366 OTUs covering 24 Phyla, 79 Classes, 113 Orders, 117 Families, and 103 genera were obtained from 15 soil samples. The result showed that the different bacterial composition as follows:Proteobacteria (34%), Acidobacteria (14%), Planctomycetes (16%), Actinobacteria (10%).The four groups were the predominant bacterial compositions on the phylum level, while Deltaproteobacteria (26%), α-deformation (25%), Betaproteobacteria (15%) and Gammaproteobacteria (15%) in Proteobacteria phylum; Acidobacteria (44%) and Acinetobacter (12%) in Acidobacteria phylum; Phycisphaerae (27%) and (Planctomycetia) (60%) in Planctomycetes phylum; Actinobacteria (25%), actinomycetes (18%), Thermoleophilia (17%), MB-A2-108 (15%) and Rubrobacteria (10%) in Actinobacteria phylum were the dominant bacterial types on the class level.[Conclusion] The soils with different planting years had specific bacterial community composition, high abundance and low abundance species. With the increasing of cropping years, Acidobacteria was accumulated, Chlorobi and Fibrobacteres were emerged, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes etc. were decreased; while Verrucomicrobia, WS3 and SBR1093 etc. were disappeared successively. It was speculated that continuous cropping of a single plant (oil tree peony) may be one of the important reasons for the selective inhibition of soil bacteria, occurrence of soil disease and soil degradation. Microbial diversity analysis of rhizosphere soil in the plantation of oil tree peony has an important ecological significance in maintaining soil microenvironment.

Key words: Paeonia ostii, continued cropping system, rhizosphere soil, Illumina high-throughput sequencing, bacteria diversity

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