关键词: 农户, 林果生产, 机械化, 需求

Abstract: [Objective] Low level of the forest fruit industry mechanization has been seriously affected the promotion of agricultural mechanization level in China,households are the main body of forest fruit production,households' demands for mechanization of each link are different. Assessing demand and preferences of the rural households may provide the reference to promote the mechanization of forest fruit industry.[Method] Taking Huangguogan orange and loquat as examples, the conditions and demands for mechanization of the rural households' forest fruit production were analyzed. It had come up with a demand priority order of rural households' forest fruit production according to the weighted average method and preferred method, then using hierarchical clustering analysis method to further accurate understanding of the demand level. The influence factors of households' forest fruit production mechanization demands were analyzed by using Multinomial Logistic model.[Result] Firstly, in the households of the samples, only some households realized mechanization in spraying, fertilizing, weeding and irrigating sectors. Secondly, the households' demand intensity of the forest fruit production mechanization, from strong to weak, were as follows:weeding, irrigating, fertilizing, spraying, fruit bagging, flower controlling and fruit thinning, pruning and picking, and the mechanization demand of the households' were divided into three types:mature mechanization need to be promotion, relatively more developed mechanization but still need to be improved and low demand mechanization. Thirdly, from the impact factors on the households' forest fruit production mechanization demand, in the variables of manager characteristics, the gender significantly influenced on irrigating, fertilizing models; the age significantly influenced on fertilizing, spraying, picking pruning, flower controlling and fruit thinning models; the education level significantly influenced on pruning and flower controlling and fruit thinning models; the planting years significantly influenced on bagging, picking, pruning, flower controlling and fruit thinning models; in the variables of households' family characteristics, the amount of labor significantly influenced on fruit bagging, picking and spraying models; the planting area significantly influenced on all the models in addition to the spraying; the proportion of income significantly influenced on pruning, bagging, flower controlling and fruit thinning models; the number of migrant workers significantly influenced on all the models except the bagging; in the variables of technical perception characteristics, the technical risk perception and the difficult degree of the technology to be realized significantly influenced on pruning, flower controlling and fruit thinning, bagging and picking models; the frequency of technical attention significantly influenced on every model; forest fruit type only significantly influenced on bagging model.[Conclusion] Firstly, the mechanization level of the rural households forest fruit production was fell behind. Secondly, there were significant differences in households' demands for forest fruit production mechanization. Thirdly, managers characteristics,family characteristics,technical perception characteristics had significantly positive effects on the rural households' demands for mechanization,whereas different forest fruit types had no significant effects on the rural households' demands for mechanization.

Key words: households, forest fruit production, mechanization, demand