劳动力转移程度对农户林地投入产出水平的影响——基于江西省1178户农户数据的实证分析

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20151211

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]劳动力是林业经济增长的主要生产要素。本文试图回答大量的农村劳动力转移对农户林业投入和产出水平带来的具体影响,这对于提升林地投入产出效率具有重要意义。[方法]基于江西省1178户农户调查数据,利用定量分析模型分析劳动力转移、劳动力就地与异地转移程度对农户林地投入产出的影响。[结果]劳动力转移程度对农户林地投入产出水平存在显著的负向影响,其影响系数为-0.099;劳动力就地和异地转移程度对农户林地投入产出水平的影响存在差异,劳动力就地转移的负向影响程度高于异地转移,尤其在农村经济发展水平、通达程度、人口聚集度低的区域负向影响更为明显。[结论]农村剩余劳动力基本转移完毕,刘易斯拐点已经到来,中国的人口红利优势正在消失;农村劳动力就地转移将成为今后一定阶段内的主要转移趋势和转移方向,这将不利于林地经营效率的提升,也将使林地经营面临再次被粗放化的风险。因此,必须进一步健全林业专业合作社制度,以克服单个家庭劳动力转移后带来的林业生产劳动力供给不足问题;同时,要加快林业经营专业化、规模化的建设步伐,以有效缓解林地经营兼业化进一步加剧的趋势。

关键词: 劳动力转移, 林地投入水平, 林地产出水平, 地形与区位条件, 农户

Abstract: [Objective] Labor is a main production factor of forestry economic growth, this paper attempted to answer the question of what specific impact on the farmer's input and output levels of forestland would be caused by large number of rural labors transferring. The concerns are important significance to enhance the forestland input and output efficiency.[Method] Based on 1178 samples of the survey data in Jiangxi Province, and used quantitative regression mode, this paper analyzed the impacts and its differences on input and output of the farmers forestland by local and nonlocal transfer of labor.[Result]The extent of labor transfer had a significantly negative effect on households' input and output of forestland with an influencing coefficient of -0.099. The effects of labor local transfer on forestland input and output exhibited differently, local transfer had a higher negative effect compared to nonlocal transfer.In particular,there was more obviously negative effect in the areas, which were in the lowest economic development,or in the lowest degree of accessibility,or in the lowest population aggregation.[Conclusion] The research results showed that the transfer of rural surplus labor had substantially completed, the turning point of Lewis has been coming. The advantage of demographic dividend in China has been disappearing. In addition, rural labor local transfer will become a major future trend and direction in a certain stage.It is not good to enhance the efficiency of forest management. Forest management will also face the risks of being extensive once again. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the forestry cooperative system in order to overcome the shortage of labor supply in the forestry production after the transfer of single-family caused. Meanwhile,it is needed to speed up specialization and scale of the forestry management to ease further exacerbated the trend in concurrent business of farmers' forest management.

Key words: labor transfer, forestland input level, forestland output level, topography and geographic conditions, farmers

中图分类号:

F307.2

廖文梅, 孔凡斌, 林颖. 劳动力转移程度对农户林地投入产出水平的影响——基于江西省1178户农户数据的实证分析[J]. 林业科学, 2015, 51(12): 87-95.

Liao Wenmei, Kong Fanbin, Lin Ying. The Impact of Labor Transfer Level on Input and Output of Household Forestland-Based Production——Empirical Analysis Based on 1178 Households in Jiangxi Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(12): 87-95.

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