2种叶型膏桐幼苗的形态结构和光合特性

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20221204

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The purpose of this study is to clarify the differences in leaf morphological structure and photosynthetic characteristics between Jatropha nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang and J. curcas, which have two different leaf types, and also to explore the reasons for the high yield of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang and provide a reference for genetic improvement and efficient cultivation of Jatropha. Method: The leaf phenotype parameters, leaf anatomical structure parameters, spectral reflection characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and diurnal changes of photosynthetic parameters observed and measured in order to explore the effects of different leaf morphological structures on the photosynthetic capacity of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang and J. curcas. Result: 1) Except the petiole length, the leaf length, leaf width and leaf area of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang were significantly lower than those of J. curcas. 2) The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang were significantly higher than those in J. curcas, but there was no significant difference in the content of soluble sugar between them. 3) The volume of mesophyll cells of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang was significantly smaller than that of J. curcas, and the arrangement of mesophyll cells of them was different. 4) The reflectance of leaves of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang was significantly lower than that of J. curcas in the green band and near infrared band. 5) There was no significant difference between the maximum photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m) and the potential activity (F_v/F₀) of PSⅡ reaction center. Both the parameters Y (Ⅱ) reaction center and F_v′/F_m′ of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang were higher than those of J. curcas. The diurnal variation trends of the electron yield Y(NPQ) of PSⅡ-regulated energy dissipation and the electron yield Y(NO) of PSⅡ non-regulatory energy dissipation of the two were the same, but J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang had a higher Y(NPQ) and a lower Y(NO) than J. curcas, which indicating that the photoprotective mechanism of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang is better than that of J. curcas. Their quenching parameters (q_P) and parameters Y (NPQ) were approximately the same and their energy dissipation NPQ and Y (NO) had similar trend. It was seen that the photoprotection mechanism of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang was better than that of J. curcas. From 8:00 to 16:00, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s) and transpiration rate (Tr) of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang were all higher than those of J. curcas. During the period of 16:00—18:00, the photosynthetic parameters of J. curcas. showed a downward trend, while those of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang showed an upward trend. Conclusion: Compared with J. curcass, J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang has a smaller leaf area, higher chlorophyll content, and better light interception, absorption and light energy conversion. Under the condition of strong light, the light damage adjustment ability and photosynthesis ability of the leaves of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang are better than that of. J. curcas, that is, the morphological structure of J. nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang is more conducive to the photosynthesis of plants.

Key words: Jatropha curcas, Jatropha nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang, leaf morphology, photosynthetic characteristics

CLC Number:

S718.43

Chang Meng,Yang Peng,Yang Zhao,Xiurong Wang,Feng Xiao. Morphological Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Jatropha nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang and Jatropha curcas Seedlings with Different Leaf Types[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(12): 32-41.

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品种Variety type	叶型 Leaf types	叶长 Leaf length/cm	叶宽 Leaf width/cm	叶柄长 Petiole length/cm	叶面积 Leaf area/cm²
膏桐J. curcas	正常叶 Normal leaf	11.2±1.96a	11.8±2.27a	10.3±4.43a	113.1±32.78a
皱叶膏桐J. nigroviensrugosus CV Yang	皱叶 Wrinkled leaf	7.5±1.03b	9.1±1.37b	21.2±3.75b	55.8±14.71b

叶片结构 Leaf Structure	皱叶叶型Jn Wrinkled leaf	正常叶叶型Jc Normal leaf
叶厚Leaf thickness/μm	196.38±16.71b	234.82±18.14a
栅栏组织厚Palisade tissue thicknes/μm	47.76±6.49b	86.01± 8.96a
海绵组织厚Sponge tissue thicknes/μm	117.98±13.82b	105.26±12.39a
上表皮细胞长Upper epidermal cell length/μm	28.27±7.11b	33.93±8.51a
上表皮细胞厚Upper epidermal cell weight/μm	15.7±4.06b	25.26±4.38a
第一层栅栏组织细胞长The first layer of palisade tissue cells length/μm	44.08±4.80b	61.93±4.91a
第一层栅栏组织细胞厚The first layer of palisade tissue cells weight/μm	6.37±3.10b	7.57±1.27a
下表皮细胞长Lower epidermis cell length/μm	21.80±5.70b	25.63±6.51a
下表皮细胞厚Lower epidermis cell weight/μm	11.09±2.16b	16.67±3.16a
栅栏组织厚度/海绵组织厚度Palisade tissue /spongy tissue(P/S)	0.411±0.08b	0.830±0.14a
叶片组织细胞结构紧密度Cell tense ratio (%)	24.49±3.86b	36.83±4.65a
叶片组织细胞结构疏松度Spongy ratio (%)	60.34±7.37a	45.07±6.21b

叶型 Leaf types	ChlNDI	SIPI	PRI
正常叶 Jc normal leaf	0.556±0.032a	0.999±0.023a	0.0361±0.014a
皱叶 Jn wrinkled leaf	0.591±0.087a	1.015±0.022a	0.0146±0.006b

项目 Item	皱叶叶型Jn Wrinkled leaf	正常叶Jc Normal leaf
F₀	285.56±21.28a	308.44±22.45b
F_m	1 402.33 ±157.68a	1 571.22±130.17b
F_v/F_m	0.80±0.01a	0.80±0.01a
F_v/F_o	3.90±0.32a	4.10±0.30a
初始斜率α	0.11±0.01a	0.09±0.01b
光抑制参数β	0.00±0.00a	-0.01±0.00a
最大电子传递速率 ETR_max/(μmol·m^-2s^-1)	27.72±5.45a	23.48±5.33a
半饱和光强 I_k/(μmol·m^-2s^-1)	247.35±39.10a	256.84±57.02a

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Morphological Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Jatropha nigroviensrugosus cv. Yang and Jatropha curcas Seedlings with Different Leaf Types

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