松辽平原杨树人工林土壤微生物群落结构及其功能多样性的林龄差异

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240004

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The aim of this paper to analyze the changes in soil microbial community structure and functional group characteristics of poplar plantations at different ages, reveal the impact of stand age on soil microorganisms, and provide a scientific basis for soil fertility maintenance and sustainable management of poplar plantations. Method: Populus×euramevicana ‘I-214’ plantations at ages of 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14 years were selected in Xinmin City, Liaoning Province. The soil physical and chemical properties of the 0?20 cm soil layer were measured, and the high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the differences in soil bacterial and fungal community structures and functional diversity among I-214 poplar plantations of different stand ages. Result: The study showed that the contents of soil organic carbon, nitrate nitrogen, available potassium, and available phosphorus all exhibited a trend of decrease followed by an increase among differents ages. The dominant bacterial phyla in the soil were Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria increased with age. The dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and their relative abundances were hardly affected by stand age. The Shannon index of soil bacteria first decreased and then increased with stand age, reaching the highest at 2 years old. The redundancy analysis showed that soil bulk density, pH, available potassium and available phosphorus content were the main soil factors that significantly affected soil bacterial communities, while total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content were the main soil factors that significantly affected soil fungal communities. Functional prediction of soil microbial communities showed that the relative abundance of bacterial communities involved in carbon and nitrogen transformation increased with age. Conclusion: In the I-214 poplar plantation in the Songliao Plain, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, the dominant bacterial community in the soil, increased with the increase of age, while the relative abundance of Acidobacteria increased first and then decreased with the increase of age, but the dominant fungal community was hardly affected by stand age. Soil bulk density, pH, available potassium, available phosphorus, total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content are the main soil factors affecting soil microbial communities. The relative abundance of bacterial communities involved in soil nitrogen transformation functions such as soil nitrogen fixation and carbon transformation functions such as Phototrophy increased with the increase of age. The Shannon index of soil bacteria, the relative abundance of carbon transformation functional communities, and the nutrient contents of soil nitrate nitrogen, available potassium, and available phosphorus all showed a significant decreasing trend starting from the 10-year-old, indicating that the 10-year-old poplar plantation in the Songliao Plain may be at a critical change point of soil fertility, microbial community structure, and functional diversity. At this stage, it is necessary to consider adopting appropriate management measures to maintain soil fertility, microbial community structure, and functional diversity.

Key words: Populus×euramericana ‘I-214’, plantation, stand age, soil microbial community, community structure, diversity

CLC Number:

S714.3

Xiangrong Liu,Qiwu Sun,Lingyu Hou,Zhongyi Pang,Yanlin Zhang,Changjun Ding. The Differences in Soil Microbial Community Structure and Functional Diversity among Poplar Plantations at Different Ages in the Songliao Plain[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(11): 25-36.

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林龄 Age/a	海拔 Altitude/m	树高 Tree height/m	胸径 DBH/cm	株行距 Plant-row spacing/ m×m	郁闭度 Canopy density
2	32	5.1±0.38	6.2±0.15	2×6	0.6±0.02
4	45	7.1±0.06	12.7±0.17	2×6	0.6±0.02
7	37	12.0±0.06	21.5±0.42	1~4 a：2×6 5~7 a：4×6	0.7±0.02
10	41	20.1±0.15	25.0±0.93	1~4 a：2×6 5~10 a：4×6	0.7±0.02
14	37	22.0±0.15	30.7±0.49	1~4 a：2×6 5~14 a：4×6	0.8±0.01

林龄 Stand age/a	氮转化细菌群 Nitrogen-transformation bacteriome		碳转化细菌群 Carbon-transformation bacteriome
林龄 Stand age/a	固氮作用 Nitrogen fixation	硝酸盐还原作用 Nitrate reduction	光养作用 Phototrophy	光自养作用 Photoautotrophy	含氧光自养作用 Oxygenic photoautotrophy
2	2.24±0.19d	2.42±0.61a	0.79±0.17a	0.68±0.21a	0.50±0.13ab
4	2.92±0.33bc	2.33±0.73a	0.79±0.24a	0.70±0.19a	0.53±0.22ab
7	2.51±0.32cd	2.30±0.25a	1.05±0.47a	0.99±0.44a	0.86±0.38a
10	3.04±0.04b	2.28±0.51a	0.58±0.17a	0.43±0.16a	0.25±0.13b
14	4.35±0.19a	1.05±0.45b	1.19±0.38a	1.03±0.45a	0.95±0.41a

林龄 Stand age/a	腐生营养型 Saprotroph		病理营养型 Pathotroph
林龄 Stand age/a	未定义的腐生菌 Undefined saprotroph	排泄物腐生菌 Dung saprotroph	植物病原菌 Plant pathogen	真菌寄生菌 Fungal parasite
2	47.51±2.91a	6.15±1.13a	16.79±1.92ab	3.92±0.22a
4	48.35±4.64a	4.88±1.41a	21.35±7.12a	3.24±0.19a
7	48.49±1.77a	6.01±0.51a	15.58±0.96ab	3.32±0.68a
10	36.46±12.27a	5.13±2.65a	12.21±2.78b	12.26±10.67a
14	43.84±3.36a	5.40±1.22a	19.40±3.94ab	5.18±0.76a

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The Differences in Soil Microbial Community Structure and Functional Diversity among Poplar Plantations at Different Ages in the Songliao Plain

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