湿润地区3种松属植物枝和根导水系统的效率-安全关系

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210721

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The decline and even death of vegetation caused by drought are not limited to arid areas. Species growing in humid areas have weak adaptation to drought, and thus are more likely to die from hydraulic failure. Establishing quantitative relationship between xylem anatomy and hydraulic function(including hydraulic efficiency and safety) at organ level of vascular plants is the key to understand the drought-induced mortality mechanism for plants growing in humid areas. Method: Pinus massoniana, P. parviflora and P. elliottii were sampled to determine the hydraulic function(hydraulic conductivity, embolism resistance) and anatomical structures(tracheid traits, pit traits, etc.) of branch and root xylem. Combined with data from published studies, the trade-offs between hydraulic efficiency and hydraulic safety of branch and root for Pinus were examined; And the structural basis of xylem hydraulic efficiency(K_s, sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity) and embolism resistance(P₅₀, xylem water potential causing 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity) were analyzed quantitatively. Result: 1) For the three Pinus species, K_sr(root K_s) > K_ss(branch K_s), root P₅₀ > branch P₅₀; K_ss was positively correlated with K_sr, branch P₅₀ and root P₅₀ were also positively correlated; All the three species showed low efficiency and low safety. 2) Correlation analysis revealed that: K_ss was negatively correlated with branch P₅₀, branch exhibited an efficiency-safety trade-off. The correlation coefficient between K_sr and root P₅₀ was close to 0(R²=0.01, P=0.94), there was no trade-off in root. Functional trade-off was determined by anatomical structure: K_ss and branch P₅₀ had different structural requirements(there was an efficiency-safety trade-off in branch), while K_sr and root P₅₀ had similar structural requirements(there was no trade-off in root). 3) Redundancy analysis revealed that: K_ss was best interpreted by branch pit membrane area; Branch pit torus area had the highest interpretation for branch P₅₀; K_sr was best interpreted by root wood density; Root pit margo area had the highest interpretation to root P₅₀. Conclusion: Hydraulic efficiency and embolism resistance of branch and root were mainly determined by anatomical structure, of which pit had the greatest influence, followed by wood density and tracheid wall thickness. This study demonstrated that there was an efficiency-safety trade-off in branch, but not in root. The anatomical structural bases behind this are: If the structural requirements are different, there is a trade-off between efficiency and safety, while the structural requirements are similar, then no trade-off.

Key words: Pinus massoniana, Pinus parviflora, Pinus elliottii, xylem structure, efficiency-safety trade-off, embolism, vulnerability curve, hydraulic conductivity

CLC Number:

Linfeng Ye,Yan Li,Zhongyuan Wang,Shitong Lu,Tiantian Pan,Sen Chen,Jiangbo Xie. Efficiency-Safety Relationships of Hydraulic Conducting System for Branch and Root of Three Pinus Species Growing in Humid Area[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(7): 194-204.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

References 0

	陈志成, 姜丽娜, 冯锦霞, 等. 木本植物木质部栓塞测定技术的争议与进展. 林业科学, 2018, 54 (5): 143- 151.
	Chen Z C , Jiang L N , Feng J X , et al. Progress and controversy of xylem embolism determination techniques in woody plants. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54 (5): 143- 151.
	陈志成, 陆海波, 刘晓静, 等. 宝天曼三桠乌药对降雨减少后的生理生态响应. 林业科学研究, 2017, 30 (3): 430- 435.
	Chen Z C , Lu H B , Liu X J , et al. Ecophysiological responses of Lindera obtusiloba to rainfall reduction in Baotianman nature reserve. Forest Research, 2017, 30 (3): 430- 435.
	党维, 姜在民, 李荣, 等. 6个树种1年生枝木质部的水力特征及与栓塞修复能力的关系. 林业科学, 2017, 53 (3): 50- 59.
	Dang W , Jiang Z M , Li R , et al. Relationship between hydraulic traits and refilling of embolism in the xylem of one-year-old twigs of six tree species. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53 (3): 50- 59.
	张红霞, 袁凤辉, 关德新, 等. 维管植物木质部水分传输过程的影响因素及研究进展. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36 (11): 3281- 3288.
	Zhang H X , Yuan F H , Guan D X , et al. A review on water transport in xylem of vascular plants and its affecting factors. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2017, 36 (11): 3281- 3288.
	周洪华, 李卫红. 胡杨木质部水分传导对盐胁迫的响应与适应. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39 (1): 81- 91.
	Zhou H H , Li W H . Responses and adaptation of xylem hydraulic conductivity to salt stress in Populus euphratica. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39 (1): 81- 91. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0009
	Aguadé D , Poyatos R , Gomez M , et al. The role of defoliation and root rot pathogen infection in driving the mode of drought-related physiological decline in Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.). Tree Physiology, 2015, 35 (3): 229- 242. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpv005
	Allen C D , Macalady A K , Chenchouni H , et al. A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 2010, 259 (4): 660- 684.
	Anderegg W R L , Schwalm C , Biondi F , et al. Pervasive drought legacies in forest ecosystems and their implications for carbon cycle models. Science, 2015, 349 (6247): 528- 532. doi: 10.1126/science.aab1833
	Bouche P S , Larter M , Domec J C , et al. A broad survey of hydraulic and mechanical safety in the xylem of conifers. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2014, 65 (15): 4419- 4431. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eru218
	Brodersen C , Jansen S , Choat B , et al. Cavitation resistance in seedless vascular plants: The structure and function of interconduit pit membranes. Plant Physiology, 2014, 165 (2): 895- 904. doi: 10.1104/pp.113.226522
	Brodribb T J , Bowman D J M S , Nichols S , et al. Xylem function and growth rate interact to determine recovery rates after exposure to extreme water deficit. New Phytologist, 2010, 188 (2): 533- 542. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03393.x
	Bucci S J , Scholz F G , Peschiutta M L , et al. The stem xylem of Patagonian shrubs operates far from the point of catastrophic dysfunction and is additionally protected from drought induced embolism by leaves and roots. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2013, 36 (12): 2163- 2174.
	Burgess S S O , Pittermann J , Dawson T E . Hydraulic efficiency and safety of branch xylem increases with height in Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) crowns. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2006, 29 (2): 229- 239.
	Cai J , Tyree M T . Measuring vessel length in vascular plants: Can we divine the truth? History, theory, methods, and contrasting models. Trees, 2014, 28 (3): 643- 655. doi: 10.1007/s00468-014-0999-9
	Choat B , Jansen S , Brodribb T J , et al. Global convergence in the vulnerability of forests to drought. Nature, 2012, 491 (7426): 752- 755. doi: 10.1038/nature11688
	Cochard H . Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism. Tree Physiology, 1992, 11 (1): 73- 83. doi: 10.1093/treephys/11.1.73
	Corcuera L , Cochard H , Gil-Pelegrin E , et al. Phenotypic plasticity in mesic populations of Pinus pinaster improves resistance to xylem embolism(P50) under severe drought. Trees (Berlin), 2011, 25 (6): 1033- 1042. doi: 10.1007/s00468-011-0578-2
	Cuneo I F , Knipfer T , Brodersen C R , et al. Mechanical failure of fine root cortical cells initiates plant hydraulic decline during drought. Plant Physiology, 2016, 172 (3): 1669- 1678. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.00923
	David-Schwartz R , Paudel I , Mizrachi M , et al. Indirect evidence for genetic differentiation in vulnerability to embolism in Pinus halepensis. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2016, 7, 768.
	Domec J C , Gartner B L . Cavitation and water storage capacity in bole xylem segments of mature and young Douglas-fir trees. Tree-Structure and Function, 2001, 15 (4): 204- 214. doi: 10.1007/s004680100095
	Domec J C , Schäfer K , Oren R , et al. Variable conductivity and embolism in roots and branches of four contrasting tree species and their impacts on whole-plant hydraulic performance under future atmospheric CO₂ concentration. Tree Physiology, 2010, 30 (8): 1001- 1015. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpq054
	Doughty C E , Metcalfe D B , Girardin C A J , et al. Drought impact on forest carbon dynamics and fluxes in Amazonia. Nature, 2015, 519 (7541): 78- 82. doi: 10.1038/nature14213
	Duursma R , Choat B . fitplc-an R package to fit hydraulic vulnerability curves. Journal of Plant Hydraulics, 2017, 4, e002. doi: 10.20870/jph.2017.e002
	Ewers B E , Oren R , Sperry J S . Influence of nutrient versus water supply on hydraulic architecture and water balance in Pinus taeda. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2000, 23 (10): 1055- 1066.
	Froux F , Ducrey M , Dreyer E . Vulnerability to embolism differs in roots and shoots and among three Mediterranean conifers consequences for stomatal regulation of water loss. Trees, 2005, 19 (2): 137- 144. doi: 10.1007/s00468-004-0372-5
	Gleason S M , Westoby M , Jansen S , et al. Weak tradeoff between xylem safety and xylem-specific hydraulic efficiency across the world's woody plant species. New Phytologist, 2016, 211 (4): 123- 136.
	Hacke U G , Sperry J S , Pittermann J . Analysis of circular bordered pit function. Gymnosperm tracheids with torus-margo pit membranes. American Journal of Botany, 2004, 93 (3): 386- 400.
	Hacke U G , Sperry J S , Pittermann J . Drought experience and cavitation resistance in six shrubs from the Great Basin, Utah. Basic and Applied Ecology, 2000, 1 (1): 31- 41. doi: 10.1078/1439-1791-00006
	Hacke U G , Sperry J S , Pockman W T , et al. Trends in wood density and structure are linked to prevention of xylem implosion by negative pressure. Oecologia, 2001, 126 (4): 457- 461. doi: 10.1007/s004420100628
	Hacke U G , Sperry J S , Wheeler J K , et al. Scaling of angiosperm xylem structure with safety and efficiency. Tree Physiology, 2006, 26 (6): 689- 701. doi: 10.1093/treephys/26.6.689
	Hartmann H , Ziegler W , Kolle O , et al. Thirst beats hunger-declining hydration during drought prevents carbon starvation in Norway spruce saplings. New Phytologist, 2013, 200 (2): 340- 349. doi: 10.1111/nph.12331
	Jump A S , Ruiz-Benito P , Greenwood S , et al. Structural overshoot of tree growth with climate variability and the global spectrum of drought-induced forest dieback. Global Change Biology, 2017, 23 (9): 3742- 3757. doi: 10.1111/gcb.13636
	Kavanagh K L , Bond B J , Aitken S N , et al. Shoot and root vulnerability to xylem cavitation in four populations of Douglas-fir seedlings. Tree Physiology, 1999, 19 (1): 31- 37. doi: 10.1093/treephys/19.1.31
	Larter M , Pfautsch S , Domec J C , et al. Aridity drove the evolution of extreme embolism resistance and the radiation of conifer genus Callitris. New Phytologist, 2017, 215 (1): 97- 112. doi: 10.1111/nph.14545
	Lens F , Sperry J S , Christman M A , et al. Testing hypotheses that link wood anatomy to cavitation resistance and hydraulic conductivity in the genus Acer. New Phytologist, 2011, 190 (3): 709- 723. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03518.x
	Liu Y Y , Wang A Y , An Y N , et al. Hydraulics play an important role in causing low growth rate and dieback of aging Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica trees in plantations of Northeast China. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2018, 41 (7): 1500- 1511.
	Loepfe L , Martinez-Vilalta J , Piñol J , et al. The relevance of xylem network structure for plant hydraulic efficiency and safety. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 2007, 247 (4): 788- 803. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.03.036
	Losso A , Nardini A , Nolf M , et al. Elevational trends in hydraulic efficiency and safety of Pinus cembra roots. Oecologia, 2015, 180 (40): 1091- 1102.
	Maherali H , Pockman W T , Jackson R B . Adaptive variation in the vulnerability of woody plants to xylem cavitation. Ecology, 2004, 85 (8): 2184- 2199. doi: 10.1890/02-0538
	Peters J M R , Alice G , Rosana L , et al. Non-invasive imaging reveals convergence in root and stem vulnerability to cavitation across five tree species. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2020, 71 (20): eraa381.
	Pittermann J , Sperry J S , Hacke U G , et al. Inter-tracheid pitting and the hydraulic efficiency of conifer wood: The role of tracheid allometry and cavitation protection. American Journal of Botany, 2006, 93 (9): 1265- 1273. doi: 10.3732/ajb.93.9.1265
	Rodriguez-Dominguez C M , Murphy M R C , Lucani C , et al. Mapping xylem failure in disparate organs of whole plants reveals extreme resistance in olive roots. New Phytologist, 2018, 218 (3): 1025- 1035.
	Rosas T , Mencuccini M , Barba J , et al. Adjustments and coordination of hydraulic, leaf and stem traits along a water availability gradient. New Phytologist, 2019, 223 (2): 632- 646. doi: 10.1111/nph.15684
	Rosner S , Karlsson B . Hydraulic efficiency compromises compression strength perpendicular to the grain in Norway spruce trunkwood. Trees: Structure and Function, 2011, 25 (2): 289- 299.
	Savi T , Casolo V , Dal Borgo A , et al. Drought-induced dieback of Pinus nigra: a tale of hydraulic failure and carbon starvation. Conservation Physiology, 2019, 7 (1): coz012.
	Scholz A , Rabaey D , Stein A , et al. The evolution and function of vessel and pit characters with respect to cavitation resistance across 10 Prunus species. Tree Physiology, 2013, 33 (7): 684- 694.
	Schuldt B , Knutzen F , Delzon S , et al. How adaptable is the hydraulic system of European beech in the face of climate change-related precipitation reduction?. New Phytologist, 2016, 210 (2): 443- 458.
	Schulte P J , Hacke U G , Schoonmaker A L . Pit membrane structure is highly variable and accounts for a major resistance to water flow through tracheid pits in stems and roots of two boreal conifer species. New Phytologist, 2015, 208 (1): 102- 113.
	Schumann K , Leuschner C , Schuldt B . Xylem hydraulic safety and efficiency in relation to leaf and wood traits in three temperate Acer species differing in habitat preferences. Trees, 2019, 33 (5): 1475- 1490.
	Sperry J S , Saliendra N Z . Intra- and inter-plant variation in xylem cavitation in Betula occidentalis. Plant, Cell & Environment, 1994, 17 (11): 1233- 1241.
	Trueba S , Pouteau R , Lens F , et al. Vulnerability to xylem embolism as a major correlate of the environmental distribution of rain forest species on a tropical island. Plant, Cell & Environment, 2017, 40 (2): 277- 289.
	Tyree M T , Sperry J S . Vulnerability of xylem to cavitation and embolism. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 1989, 40 (3): 19- 38.
	Tyree M T, Zimmermann M H. 2002. Xylem structure and the ascent of sap. Springer.
	Young D J , Stevens J T , Earles J M , et al. Long-term climate and competition explain forest mortality patterns under extreme drought. Ecology Letters, 2017, 20 (1): 78- 86.
	Zhang Y , Xie J B , Li Y . Effects of increasing root carbon investment on the mortality and resprouting of Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings under drought. Plant Biology, 2016, 19 (2): 191- 200.

[1]	Huanying Fang,Shengsheng Xiao,Xiaofang Yu,Yong Xiong,Xunzhi Ouyang,Xiaolei Qin. Responses of Soil Respiration and Its Components to Simulated Acid Rain in Pinus elliottii Plantation [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(7): 20-31.
[2]	Yu Cao,Lin Chao,Yuning An,Dedong Wu,Xueli Zhang,Hong Li,Yanyan Liu. Response of Hydraulic Architecture of Hemiptelea davidii to Soil Water Conditions in Horqin Sandy Land [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(7): 32-42.
[3]	Haiyang Wang,Qianli Ma. Adsorption Properties and Mechanisms of Pinus massoniana Bark Nano-Lignocellulose Aerogel Adsorbent for Cr³⁺/Cu²⁺/Pb²⁺/Ni²⁺ [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(7): 166-174.
[4]	Xiaosui Wen,Dunfu Song,Zhongqi Yang,Zhonghui Wang,Mingqing Shi. Relationships between the Emergence of Dastarcus helophoroides (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae) and the Emergence of the Host Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Pinus massoniana Forests [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(9): 193-200.
[5]	Yin Wang,Ruiling Yao. Rooting Capacity of Pinus massoniana and the Correlations Endohormones Levels during Subcultur [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(8): 38-46.
[6]	Lihua Zhu,Xinyue Zhang,Xinrui Xia,Yu Wan,Shanjun Dai,Jianren Ye. Pathogenicity of Aseptic Bursaphelenchus xylophilus on Pinus massoniana [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(7): 63-69.
[7]	Han Zhao,Jin Huang,Youjing Zhang,Yanjun Lu,Zaimin Jiang,Jing Cai. Influence of Open Vessel Proportion on the Types of Embolism Vulnerability Curves [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(5): 50-59.
[8]	Xiaorong Wang,Lei Lei,Tian Fu,Lei Pan,Lixiong Zeng,Wenfa Xiao. Short-Term Effects of Selective Cutting for Tending on Leaf Litter Decomposition Rate and Nutrient Release in Pinus massoniana Forests [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(4): 12-21.
[9]	Peihuang Zhu,Yu Chen,Lingzhi Zhu,Rong Li,Kongshu Ji. Codon Usage Bias and Its Influencing Factors in Pinus massoniana Transcriptome [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(4): 74-81.
[10]	Xing Wu,Xingfeng Hu,Peizhen Chen,Xiaobo Sun,Fan Wu,Kongshu Ji. Cloning and Functional Analysis of PmPIN1 Gene from Pinus massoniana [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(3): 184-192.
[11]	Xiaoli Yan, Wenjia Hu, Yuanfan Ma, yufan Huo, Tuo Wang, Xiangqing Ma. Nitrogen Uptake Preference of Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus massoniana, and Schima superba under Heterogeneous Nitrogen Supply Environment and their Root Foraging Strategies [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(2): 1-11.
[12]	Kai Sun,Jiasen Wu,Weixing Sheng,Peikun Jiang,Yunqing Zhang,Jiangfei Ge. Potential of Phytolith-Occluded Organic Carbon Sequestration in Masson Pine Stands at Different Ages in Subtropical China [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(12): 10-18.
[13]	Tiantian Pan,Yan Li,Zhongyuan Wang,Shitong Lu,Linfeng Ye,Sen Chen,Jiangbo Xie. Relationship between the Hydraulic Function and the Anatomical Structure of Branch and Root Xylem in Three Taxodiaceae Species in Humid Area [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(12): 49-59.
[14]	Youming Xu,Caixia Zhou,Han Lin,Jiyun Tao,Juhua Zhang. Ultrastructural Changes of the Cambial Cells of Pinus elliottii during the Periods of Recovery Activity, Activity and Dormancy [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(10): 145-153.
[15]	Deng Xiuxiu, Xiao Wenfa, Zeng Lixiong, Lei Lei, Shi Zheng. Transport and Distribution Characteristics of Photosynthates of Pinus massoniana Seedlings [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(7): 27-34.

Efficiency-Safety Relationships of Hydraulic Conducting System for Branch and Root of Three Pinus Species Growing in Humid Area

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 10

References 0

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments