杉木不同世代育种群体的遗传多样性

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20201106

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata) breeding populations, and to detect its genetic structure and gene flow, further to provide a scientific basis for long term breeding and sustainable management of Chinese fir. Method: Using nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers, a total of 520 clones of 2 breeding populations respectively of two national seed bases(Youxian and Lechang)were analyzed to compare their genetic diversity among different generations. Result: nSSR data showed that total genetic diversity of breeding populations was 0.687. Youxian and Lechang seed bases displayed a high genetic diversity, with expected heterozygosity of 0.678 and 0.667, respectively. With the advancement of breeding process, genetic diversity of advanced-generations of the two seed bases tended to decrease gradually. The average number of alleles in the two bases (Youxian and Lechang) decreased from 9.612 (F₁) to 8.750 (F₂), the F₃ generation of the Lechang Base had the smallest allele number 6.833, the expected heterozygosity was decreased by less than 6.46% among generations. cpSSR markers also showed a clear change of genetic diversity, but the changing trend was different in the two seed bases among different generations. With the advancement of breeding process, genetic diversity of the Youxian Base gradually increased, while Lechang Base showed a trend of a decline followed by a rise. This difference is related to the evolution model of chloroplast and nuclear genomes, and also affected by the number and sources of breeding materials in the two seed bases. Conclusion: Chinese fir breeding populations in the two national seed bases have high level of genetic diversity. With the advancement of breeding process, genetic diversity of advanced-generation breeding populations was decreasing gradually, but the reduction rate was less than 6.46%, suggesting that the advanced-generation breeding strategies and methods of Chinese fir were scientifically sound and effective.

Key words: Cunninghamia lanceolata, breeding populations, genetic diversity, microsatellite markers

CLC Number:

S718.46

Xia Li,Libao Wang,Yafeng Wen,Jun Lin,Xingtong Wu,Meiling Yuan,Yuan Zhang,Minqiu Wang,Xinyu Li. Genetic Diversity of Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) Breeding Populations among Different Generations[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(11): 53-61.

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育种群体 Breeding populations	世代Generations					样本总数 Total number
育种群体 Breeding populations	F₁	F_1.5	F₂	F_2.5	F₃	样本总数 Total number
攸县组群Youxian group(YX)	76	54	53	—	—	183
乐昌组群Lechang group(LC)	138	—	126	33	40	337
样本数Sample number	214	54	179	33	40	520

序号 No.	位点 Locus	样本数 Sample number (N)	等位基因数 Number of alleles (N_a)	观测杂合度 Observed heterozygosity (H_o)	期望杂合度 Expected heterozygosity (H_e)	近交系数 Inbreeding coefficient (F_is)
1	hyb_strict4_rep_c149	520	10	0.475	0.510	0.068
2	contigl3400_101A	517	16	0.750	0.897	0.164
3	contig1382_349B	520	7	0.638	0.618	-0.032
4	contig7671_683B	520	9	0.611	0.625	0.021
5	contig406_1209C	519	23	0.839	0.903	0.070
6	contig2573_171C	520	8	0.303	0.291	-0.041
7	contig10192_1677D	518	9	0.710	0.737	0.036
8	contig16147_262A	520	12	0.647	0.730	0.078
9	contig7616_683B	519	9	0.744	0.769	0.032
10	contig4728_384B	520	8	0.463	0.496	0.067
11	contig6064_1563C	520	6	0.635	0.663	0.043
12	contig12886_2058C	520	6	0.463	0.465	0.004
13	contig9724_201A	520	12	0.769	0.845	0.091
14	contig16322_179A	520	10	0.665	0.702	0.053
15	contig1997_271B	519	10	0.693	0.685	-0.012
16	contig20158_829B	517	16	0.750	0.811	0.076
17	contig6319_250C	520	8	0.920	0.712	-0.291
18	contig18815_185D	517	14	0.811	0.895	0.093
	均值Mean	519.222	10.722	0.660	0.687	0.028

遗传参数 Genetic diversity parameters	攸县组群YX group 不同世代Different generations				乐昌组群LC group 不同世代Different generations
遗传参数 Genetic diversity parameters	F₁	F_1.5	F₂	均值Mean	F₁	F₂	F_2.5	F₃	均值Mean
样本数Sample number(N)	76	54	53	61.00	138	126	33	40	84.111
等位基因数Number of allele(N_a)	9.167	8.722	7.889	8.593	10.056	9.611	7.000	6.833	8.375
等位基因丰富度Allelic richness(AR)	7.913	7.929	7.304	7.715	7.801	7.752	7.000	6.618	7.293
私有等位基因数Number of private allele(N_pa)	0	0	7	2.333	9	5	0	0	3.500
观测杂合度Observed heterozygosity(H_o)	0.676	0.679	0.657	0.671	0.664	0.669	0.662	0.630	0.656
期望杂合度Expected heterozygosity(H_e)	0.687	0.692	0.656	0.678	0.699	0.679	0.666	0.623	0.667
遗传分化系数Genetic differentiation coefficient(F_st)	0.008				0.008
近交系数Inbreeding coefficient(F_is)	0.023				0.034

育种群体 Breeding populations	单倍型数 Number of haplotypes	单倍型 Haplotypes
攸县组群YX group	8	164-354; 164-355; 164-356; 164-357; 164-359; 164-363; 165-354; 165-356
乐昌组群LC group	11	164-353; 164-354; 164-355; 164-356; 164-357; 164-359; 164-363; 164-365; 165-354; 165-355; 165-356

遗传参数 Genetic diversity parameters	攸县组群YX group 不同世代Different generations				乐昌组群LC group 不同世代Different generations
遗传参数 Genetic diversity parameters	F₁	F_1.5	F₂	均值Mean	F₁	F₂	F_2.5	F₃	均值Mean
样本数Sample number(N)	76	54	52	60.0	137	124	33	40	83.5
单倍型数Number of haplotypes(A)	5	5	8	6	7	9	6	5	6.75
私有单倍型数Number of private haplotypes(P)	0	0	3	1	1	1	0	1	0.750
有效单倍型数Effective number of haplotypes(N_e)	1.911	2.056	2.522	2.163	2.169	1.826	1.941	2.073	2.002
单倍型丰富度Haplotype richness(R_h)	3.806	3.962	7.000	4.923	3.952	4.503	5.000	3.475	4.233
遗传多样性Genetic diversity(H)	0.483	0.523	0.615	0.541	0.543	0.456	0.500	0.531	0.507
遗传分化系数Genetic differentiation coefficient(F_st)	0.017				0.014

Genetic Diversity of Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) Breeding Populations among Different Generations

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变异来源 Source of variation	自由度 df	均方和 Sum of squares	变异组分 Variance components	占总变异比例 Percentage of variation(%)	P
组群间Among groups	1	32.830	0.038 86	0.62	＜0.001
群体间Among populations	5	66.459	0.050 61	0.81	＜0.001
群体内Within populations	513	6 337.290	6.135 93	98.57	＜0.001
总计Total	519	6 436.579	6.225 40	100	—

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