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林业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (12): 21-31.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20221203

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BpGLK裂叶桦生长变异、根际土壤酶活性及微生物群落组成

曹俐,王阳,杨蕴力,郑雨,王伟,刘桂丰,姜静*   

  1. 东北林业大学林木遗传育种国家重点实验室 哈尔滨 150040
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-10 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-03-11
  • 通讯作者: 姜静

Growth Variation, Rhizosphere Soil Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community Composition of Transgenic BpGLK Betula pendula 'Dplecprlicp'

Li Cao,Yang Wang,Yunli Yang,Yu Zheng,Wei Wang,Guifeng Liu,Jing Jiang*   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040
  • Received:2022-03-10 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-03-11
  • Contact: Jing Jiang

摘要:

目的: 通过研究转BpGLK裂叶桦根际土壤理化性质、酶活性及微生物群落组成特征,为后续转BpGLK裂叶桦的环境安全性评价及产业化提供理论依据。方法: 以2年生的转BpGLK裂叶桦(RE1~RE5)为研究对象,检测外源基因稳定性;测定其生长特性、根际土壤理化性质及土壤酶活性;利用高通量测序技术分析根际土壤微生物群落组成特征。结果: BpGLK株系中的外源Bar基因及BpGLK干扰片段仍然整合于其基因组中,在生长方面,RE株系高于或显著高于WT株系(RE3例外)。RE株系的土壤pH值、有机碳、全氮、速效氮含量低于或显著低于WT株系;而速效磷、全钾及速效钾含量显著高于WT株系(RE1例外)(P < 0.05);RE株系的土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶活性均低于或显著低于WT株系,而中性蛋白酶活性则显著高于WT株系。微生物群落丰富度指数及多样性指数分析显示,在细菌方面:RE株系与WT株系间无显著差异;而真菌的丰富度高于或显著高于WT株系,多样性则与WT株系差异不显著;RE株系的Saccharimonadales、酸热菌属等8个菌属显著高于WT株系,而Candidatus_Solibacter等4个菌属则显著低于WT株系;真菌群落中棉革菌属是RE株系根际土壤的优势类群。结论: 2年生的转BpGLK裂叶桦生长表现优于野生型,尚未发现转基因活动对根际土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性及微生物群落组成产生不利影响。

关键词: 桦树, 转基因, 根际, 土壤酶活性, 土壤微生物群落

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to provide theoretical support for the evaluation of the subsequent environmental security as well as the industrialization of transgenic BpGLK Betula pendula 'Dplecprlicp', by studying the soil physicochemical properties, the enzyme activity and the community composition of the rhizosphere soil microorganism of transgenic BpGLK B. pendula 'Dplecprlicp'. Method: Two-year-old BpGLK transformed B.pendula 'Dplecprlicp' (RE1-RE5) were used to study the stability of exogenous genes. The growth characteristics, physicochemical properties and enzyme activity of rhizosphere soil were determined. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the community characteristics of soil bacteria and fungi. Result: The Bar gene and BpGLK interference fragment were still integrated in the genome of transgenic B. pendula 'Dplecprlicp' strains. As for the growth traits, RE strains were relatively higher or significantly higher than WT strain (RE3 excepted). The soil pH, contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen and available nitrogen of RE strains were lower or significantly lower than those of WT strain. The contents of available phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium in RE strains were significantly higher than those in WT strain (except RE1) (P < 0.05). RE strains had lower or significantly lower soil urease and sucrase activities than WT strain, while RE strains had significantly higher neutral protease activity than WT strain. The analysis of the community richness and diversity indicated that there was no significant difference in the bacteria community between RE strains and WT strain. The fungi richness of RE strains was higher or significantly higher than that of WT strain. However, there was no significant difference in fungi diversity between RE strains and WT strain. As for Saccharimonadales, Acidothermus and other 8 genera of bacteria, RE strains were significantly higher than WT strain, while Candidatus_ Soliactor and other 4 genera were significantly lower than WT strain. In the fungal community, Tomentella was the dominant group in the rhizosphere soil of RE strains. Conclusion: The growth of two-year-old transgenic BpGLK B.pendula 'Delecprlicp' outperforms that of wild-type strain. No adverse effects of transgenic activities on physicochemical properties, enzyme activity and microbial community composition of rhizosphere soil have been found in this experiment.

Key words: birch, transgenic, rhizosphere, soil enzyme activity, soil microbial community

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