我国森林土壤微生物生物量碳的纬度分布特征及影响因子

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220206

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 探讨土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量的纬度变化规律及驱动因子, 以期揭示我国沿纬度分布的森林生态系统中土壤MBC含量变化的效应和机制, 为气候变暖条件下阐明土壤MBC周转和固持提供理论依据。方法: 在我国沿纬度选取10个典型森林生态系统, 测定0~10 cm土层的MBC含量, 并与各非生物因素(气候条件和土壤理化性质指标)进行相关性分析。结果: 森林土壤MBC含量变化范围为(200.57±13.99)~(913.32±39.62) mg·kg^-1, 随纬度降低而降低。MBC含量与土壤的有机碳含量(r=0.64, P < 0.01)、砂砾含量(r=0.48, P < 0.01)、水解酶活性(r=0.48, P < 0.01)、全磷含量(r=0.47, P < 0.01)、pH值(r=0.43, P < 0.01)、全氮含量(r=0.31, P < 0.01)和土壤有机碳化学结构组分中烷基碳含量(r=0.21, P < 0.01)极显著正相关, 与土壤粉粒含量(r=0.15, P < 0.05)和氧化酶活性(r=0.15, P < 0.05)显著正相关; 还与年均气温(MAT, r=0.31, P < 0.01)极显著正相关。结论: 森林土壤的MBC含量随纬度降低而降低, 主要影响因素为土壤质地、土壤营养、土壤酶活性和土壤烷基碳含量, 其次为年均气温。

关键词: 森林土壤, 微生物生物量碳, 纬度梯度, 土壤理化性质, 气候条件, 烷基碳

Abstract:

Objective: The study aims to investigate the patterns of latitudinal variation of soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and its driving forces, further to reveal the effect and mechanism of soil MBC content across forest ecosystems along the latitudinal gradients in China, providing a theoretical basis for understanding forest soil carbon turnover and sequestration in the context of global warming. Method: Ten typical forest ecosystems along the latitude gradients in China were selected to measure soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) contents at 0-10 cm soil layer, and the correlation between MBC and abiotic factors (climate factors, soil physical and chemical properties) were conducted. Result: The MBC content of the forest soil decreased with decreasing latitude, ranging from (200.57 ± 13.99) mg·kg^-1 to (913.32 ± 39.62) mg·kg^-1. The soil MBC content and soil physical and chemical properties were positively correlated (r=0.51, P < 0.01). Highly significant positive correlation with the soil MBC content were identified in soil organic carbon content (r=0.64, P < 0.01), soil sand content (r=0.48, P < 0.01), soil hydrolase activity (r=0.48, P < 0.01), soil total phosphorus content (r=0.47, P < 0.01), pH value (r=0.43, P < 0.01) and soil total nitrogen content (r=0.31, P < 0.01). While silt content (r=0.15, P < 0.05) and soil oxidase activity (r=0.15, P < 0.05) were significantly positively correlated with MBC content. Both the mean annual temperature (r=0.31, P < 0.01), and the alkyl carbon content (r=0.21, P < 0.01) in the chemical structure of soil organic carbon were highly positively correlated with MBC content. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated a prominent decrease of MBC content along the latitude, with the main affecting factors being soil texture, soil nutrient, soil enzyme activities, and soil alkyl carbon content, followed by mean annual temperature.

Key words: forest soil, microbial biomass carbon, latitudinal gradient, soil physicochemical properties, climate factors, alkyl carbon

中图分类号:

S714.5

周莎,马寰菲,王洁莹,任成杰,郭垚鑫,王俊,赵发珠. 我国森林土壤微生物生物量碳的纬度分布特征及影响因子[J]. 林业科学, 2022, 58(2): 49-57.

Sha Zhou,Huanfei Ma,Jieying Wang,Chengjie Ren,Yaoxin Guo,Jun Wang,Fazhu Zhao. Latitudinal Distribution of Forest Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Its Affecting Factors in China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(2): 49-57.

图/表 4

表1

森林样带基本信息"

样地位置 Sample sites	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude	海拔 Elevation/ m	年均气温 Mean annual temperature/ ℃	年均降水量 Mean annual precipitation/ mm	土壤类型 Soil type	pH	土壤密度 Soil density/ (g·cm^-3)	土壤砂砾含量 Soil sand content (%)	土壤粉粒含量 Soil silt content (%)	土壤黏粒含量 Soil clay content (%)	气候类型 Climate type	植被类型 Vegetation type
帽儿山 Maoer Mountain	127°30′—127°71′	45°20′—45°41′	600	3.10	629	暗棕壤 Dark brown forest soil	5.02	0.94	61.55	25.10	13.35	温带大陆性气候 Temperate continental climate	针阔叶混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest
东灵山 Dongling Mountain	115°20′—115°43′	39°55′—40°05′	1 300	5.00	650	棕壤Brown soil	6.85	1.02	89.35	9.65	1.00	暖温带半湿润气候 Warm temperate semi-humid climate	落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest
富县 Fu County	108°29′—109°63′	35°44′—36°23′	1 035	7.40	580	黄绵土 Yellow loamy soil	8.12	0.90	14.79	60.93	24.28	暖温带气候 Warm temperate climate	落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest
火地塘 Huoditang	108°21′—108°45′	33°18′—33°43′	1 526	9.00	1 023	棕壤Brown soil	5.90	1.20	49.60	49.87	0.53	北亚热带湿润气候 North subtropical humid climate	落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest
茂县 Mao County	102°56′—104°71′	31°25′—32°16′	1 625	11.00	486	棕壤Brown soil	5.60	1.10	26.33	62.33	11.34	北亚热带湿润气候 North subtropical humid climate	落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad-leaved forest
贡嘎山 Gongga Mountain	101°52′—102°11′	29°35′—29°65′	1 726	13.00	1 000	棕色针叶林土 Brown coniferous forest soil	6.20	0.81	33.06	4.97	61.97	亚热带气候 Subtropical climate	常绿落叶阔叶混交林 Evergreen deciduous broad leaf mixed forest
哀牢山 Ailao Mountain	100°54′—103°51′	23°87′—24°44′	2 300	18.30	1 086	山地黄棕壤 Mountain yellow- brown earth	5.94	1.12	24.02	62.58	13.40	亚热带湿润气候 Subtropical humid climate	亚热带中山湿性常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest
西双版纳 Xishuangbanna	99°56′—101°50′	21°08′—22°36′	560	21.60	1 500	红壤Red soil	5.07	1.08	47.70	29.53	22.77	热带气候 Tropical climate	常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest
木论 Mulun	107°53′—108°05′	25°06′—25°13′	652	19.38	1 529	石灰土Lime soil	6.71	0.83	14.45	64.56	20.99	亚热带气候 Subtropical climate	常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad-leaved forest
尖峰岭 Jianfengling	108°41′—109°12′	18°20′—18°71′	820	23.15	2 266	砖黄壤 Yellow soil	6.30	1.32	50.98	41.22	7.80	热带雨林气候Tropical rainforest climate	山地雨林Mountain rainforest

表1

图1

图2

表2

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项目Item	参数 Parameters	土壤微生物生物量碳含量 Microbial biomass carbon
项目Item	参数 Parameters	r	P
气候条件 Climate factors	年均气温Mean annual temperature	0.31	< 0.01
气候条件 Climate factors	年均降水量Mean annual precipitation	-0.02	>0.05
土壤理化性质 Soil physical and chemical properties	土壤有机碳含量Soil organic carbon content	0.64	< 0.01
	砂砾含量Sand content	0.48	< 0.01
	土壤水解酶活性Soil hydrolase activity	0.48	< 0.01
	土壤全磷含量Soil total phosphorus content	0.47	< 0.01
	pH	0.43	< 0.01
	土壤全氮含量Soil total nitrogen content	0.31	< 0.01
	土壤粉粒含量Soil silt content	0.15	< 0.05
	土壤氧化酶活性Soil oxidase activity	0.15	< 0.05
	土壤密度Soil density	0.10	>0.05
	土壤黏粒含量Soil clay content	-0.04	>0.05
	土壤烷基碳含量Soil alkyl carbon content	0.21	< 0.01
	土壤羰基碳含量Soil carbonyl carbon content	0.10	>0.05
	土壤芳香基碳含量Soil aromatic carbon content	0.10	>0.05
	土壤含氧烷基碳含量Soil O-alkyl carbon content	0.07	>0.05
	土壤羧基碳含量Soil carboxy carbon content	-0.01	>0.05

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