户外用重组竹防蓝变处理工艺及性能

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20211214

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 研究抗菌处理工艺对重组竹防蓝变性能的影响，为户外用重组竹制备提供技术支持。方法: 以有机碘化物3-碘代-2丙炔基甲氨酸丁酯(IPBC)为抗菌剂，采用浸渍IPBC/浸胶、浸渍IPBC/涂胶、重组竹板坯浸渍IPBC 3种抗菌处理工艺，通过实验室和室外防蓝变试验分析3种处理工艺制备户外用重组竹对蓝变菌的防治效力，利用扫描电镜(SEM)、计算机断层扫描仪(CT)和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)研究浸渍IPBC/涂胶工艺中抗菌剂在竹纤维化单板和重组竹内的分布。结果: 实验室防蓝变试验结果显示，对照样和采用浸渍IPBC/浸胶工艺制备的重组竹对可可球二孢菌的感染等级均为4级; 采用浸渍IPBC/涂胶和重组竹板坯浸渍IPBC工艺制备的重组竹对可可球二孢菌的感染等级分别达1级和0级。室外防蓝变试验结果显示，在成都室外多雨环境中，对照样、采用浸渍IPBC/浸胶和重组竹板坯浸渍IPBC工艺制备的重组竹在2个月内均开始出现蓝变; 而采用浸渍IPBC/涂胶工艺制备的重组竹在12个月内仍未发生蓝变，CT检测结果表明竹纤维化单板疏解时产生的裂隙、薄壁细胞腔、导管内壁、纤维细胞的胞间层裂隙中均有抗菌剂存在。采用浸渍IPBC/涂胶工艺制备重组竹时，酚醛树脂胶黏剂在竹材细胞壁上形成一层胶膜，将抗菌剂包裹在竹材与PF树脂胶黏剂之间，并形成有效固着，从而减少抗菌剂流失。结论: 采用浸渍IPBC/涂胶工艺制备的重组竹对蓝变菌具有有效防治效力，可广泛应用于室外环境中。

关键词: 蓝变, 重组竹, 抗菌剂, 3-碘代-2丙炔基甲氨酸丁酯

Abstract:

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of antibacterial agent treatment processes on the anti-blue stain bamboo scrimber and to provide technical support for its outdoor applications. Method: In the paper, the 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate(IPBC) was used as an antibacterial agent. The anti-blue stain properties of bamboo scrimber manufactured by the soaking IPBC/soaking process, the soaking IPBC/coating process, and bamboo scrimber soaking in the IPBC process were studied through the indoor laboratory method and outdoor exposure test. Meanwhile, the scanning electron microscope(SEM), laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM) and computed tomography(CT) were applied to investigate the distribution of IPBC in the bamboo fiber bundles and bamboo scrimber manufactured by the soaking IPBC/coating process. Result: The indoor experimental results showed that the grade of infected blue stain of the control sample and the bamboo scrimber manufactured by soaking IPBC/soaking process reached 4 level, while those of the bamboo scrimber manufactured by the soaking IPBC/coating process and bamboo scrimber soaking in the IPBC process reached 1 and 0 level, respectively. The outdoor exposure test was carried out in high humidity environments of Chengdu, Sichuan Province. The results indicated that the blue stain occurred on the surface of the control sample, the bamboo scrimber manufactured by soaking IPBC/soaking process and bamboo scrimber soaking in the IPBC process for about two months. Whereas, no blue stain occurred on the surface of the bamboo scrimber manufactured by the soaking IPBC/coating process for a duration of 12 months. The antibacterial agent was found in the cracks, parenchyma cells, vessels, intercellular cracks et al., which was confirmed by CT and LSCM result. The anti-blue stain efficiency of the bamboo scrimber manufactured by the soaking IPBC/coating process was due to the uniform distribution of IPBC in the bamboo fiber bundles, the formation of phenol-formaldehyde resin film on the bamboo fiber bundles enclosed the IPBC in the bamboo scrimber, which formed an effective fixation system of the PF resin during the curing process at high temperature, and then it acted as an antibacterial agent inhibitor and decreased the loss of antibacterial agent. Conclusion: The bamboo scrimber manufactured by soaking IPBC/coating process could be efficient for the prevention and amelioration of the blue stain and could be wildly used in outdoor environments.

Key words: blue stain, bamboo scrimber, antibacterial agent, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate(IPBC)

中图分类号:

S781.72

张亚梅,余养伦,于文吉. 户外用重组竹防蓝变处理工艺及性能[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(12): 140-146.

Yamei Zhang,Yanglun Yu,Wenji Yu. Processes and Properties of Anti-Blue Stain Bamboo Scrimber for Outdoor Application[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(12): 140-146.

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分级Grade	试样感染面积Infected area of sample
0	试样表面无菌丝、霉点No mycelial and mould on the surface of sample
1	试样表面感染面积 < 1/4 The infected area on the surface of sample < 1/4
2	试样表面感染面积1/4~1/2 The infected area on the surface of sample 1/4-1/2
3	试样表面感染面积1/2~3/4 The infected area on the surface of sample 1/2-3/4
4	试样表面感染面积 > 3/4 The infected area on the surface of sample > 3/4

样品 Samples	试样表面感染等级 Grade of infection	防治效力 Preventing efficiency(%)
对照样Control sample	4	0
浸渍IPBC/浸胶工艺Soaking IPBC/soaking process	4	0
重组竹板坯浸渍IPBC工艺Bamboo scrimber soaking in the IPBC process	0	100
浸渍IPBC/涂胶工艺Soaking IPBC/coating process	0~1	75~100

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