盐胁迫对红花玉兰嫁接苗生长和光合特性的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210405

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 研究盐胁迫下红花玉兰嫁接苗的生长和光合特性的变化，探究其在盐胁迫下的适应机制，为红花玉兰种质资源的保护和盐渍地区引种、推广提供参考。方法: 以'娇红二号’红花玉兰嫁接苗为材料进行盆栽控制试验，设置5个NaCl浓度梯度，盐胁迫20天后观测其生长状况、叶片性状、气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数和光合光响应曲线等。结果: 1）盐胁迫对红花玉兰嫁接苗的苗高、地径、茎生物量和根冠比并无显著影响，对叶生物量、根生物量和整株干质量影响显著，T1叶生物量、根生物量和整株干质量高于CK，其余处理均低于CK。2）随着盐浓度的增大苗木叶片厚度呈先升后降的趋势，T1的叶片厚度最大，达0.30 mm；叶片干质量呈减小趋势；叶面积和比叶面积并无显著差异。3）当盐浓度≥0.2%时，叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量显著下降；叶绿素a/b随盐浓度增大呈下降趋势，但类胡萝卜素的变化并无显著规律。4）T1的净光合速率（P_n）高于CK，达8.81 μmol·m^-2s^-1，随着盐浓度增大P_n呈下降趋势；盐处理的气孔导度（G_s）和蒸腾速率（Tr）均小于CK。5）盐胁迫处理的植株叶片叶绿素荧光参数相比对照均有不同程度的下降，其中F_v/F_m、F'_v/F'_m、Φ_PSⅡ和ETR的值均随盐浓度升高而下降，但各盐处理间q_P并无显著差异。6）除T1大于CK外，其余处理P_nmax均小于CK；盐胁迫显著降低了叶片暗呼吸速率、光补偿点和光饱和点，且各盐处理间并无显著差异。结论: 盐胁迫显著影响红花玉兰嫁接苗的生长和光合作用，使其叶片细胞光合活性降低，植株生长减缓。综合各指标可知，0.1%盐胁迫下红花玉兰嫁接苗的生长和光合与对照并无显著差异。

关键词: 红花玉兰, 盐胁迫, 光合作用, 光合荧光, 光响应曲线

Abstract:

Objective: This study investigated the effects of salt stress on the growth and photosynthesis of Magnolia wufengensis grafted seedlings, in order to explore the adaptation mechanism and ability of M. wufengensis under salt stress and provide the basis for the protection and introduction of germplasm resources. Method: A pot experiment was carried out with the M. wufengensis 'Jiaohong Ⅱ' grafted seedlings, and five NaCl gradients (0 (CK), 0.1% (T1), 0.2% (T2), 0.3% (T3) and 0.4% (T4)) were set. After 20 days of the treatment, the growth status, leaf characteristics, gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and photosynthesis response curve were measured. Result: Salt stress had no significant effect on seedling height relative growth, ground diameter relative growth, stem biomass and root-shoot ratio of M. wufengensis grafted seedlings and had a significant effect on leaf, root biomass and plant dry weight. The leaf biomass, root biomass and dry weight of T1 were higher than CK, while the other salt-treatments were lower than CK. With the increase of salt concentration, the leaf thickness of the grafted seedlings of M. wufengensis was increased first and then decreased, and the leaf thickness of T1 treatment was the largest, reaching 0.30 mm; the dry weight of the leaves was decreased. When the salt concentration was ≥ 0.2%, the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and the net photosynthetic rate decreased significantly; meanwhile, the value of chlorophyll a/b, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate decreased significantly under salt stress. Compared with the control, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the M. wufengensis grafted seedlings under salt stress decreased to different degrees. Besides, salt stress significantly reduced the dark respiration rate, light compensation point and light saturation point, and there was no significant difference among those salt treatments. Conclusion: Salt stress significantly affects the growth and photosynthesis of Magnolia wufengensis grafted seedlings, by reducing the photosynthesis activity of leaf cells. In terms of the comprehensive indicators, there is no significant difference in growth and photosynthesis of M. wufengensis grafted seedlings between 0.1% salt stress and the control.

Key words: Magnolia wufengensis, salt stress, photosynthesis, photosynthetic fluorescent, light response curve

中图分类号:

S718.43

赵秀婷,王延双,段劼,马履一,何宝华,贾忠奎,桑子阳,朱仲龙. 盐胁迫对红花玉兰嫁接苗生长和光合特性的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(4): 43-53.

Xiuting Zhao,Yanshuang Wang,Jie Duan,Lüyi Ma,Baohua He,Zhongkui Jia,Ziyang Sang,Zhonglong Zhu. Effects of Salt Stress on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Magnolia wufengensis Grafted Seedlings[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(4): 43-53.

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处理 Treatment (NaCl)	苗高相对增长率 Seedling heightrelative growthrate(%)	地径相对增长率 Ground diameterrelative growthrate(%)	根生物量 Rootbiomass/g	茎生物量 Stembiomass/g	叶生物量 Leafbiomass/g	干质量 Dry mass/g	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio
CK(0)	2.13±1.06a	6.00±4.64a	19.10±2.01ab	32.20±5.13a	2.56±0.71ab	53.87±6.83ab	0.56±0.07a
T1(0.1%)	1.75±0.97a	5.69±3.45a	21.48±3.12a	31.45±6.87a	3.86±1.09a	56.79±10.82a	0.62±0.06a
T2(0.2%)	1.63±0.82a	4.50±4.76a	14.10±1.00c	28.37±4.26a	1.93±0.83b	44.40±5.82abc	0.47±0.06a
T3(0.3%)	1.62±1.16a	5.32±4.56a	14.74±2.19c	23.71±1.59a	1.55±1.17b	40.01±4.79c	0.58±0.05a
T4(0.4%)	1.69±0.57a	5.49±4.72a	15.48±1.33bc	25.03±3.27a	1.61±0.47b	42.13±2.10bc	0.59±0.11a

处理 Treatment	叶片厚度 Blade thickness/mm	叶面积 Leaf area/cm²	叶片干质量 Dry mass of leaf/g	比叶面积 SLA/(cm²·g^-1)
CK	0.28±0.04a	16.94±2.20a	0.21±0.01a	82.06±11.58a
T1	0.30±0.07a	16.97±1.46a	0.21±0.02a	82.51±0.77a
T2	0.22±0.08b	14.68±1.69a	0.18±0.01ab	81.74±14.97a
T3	0.18±0.03bc	14.46±1.93a	0.18±0.01ab	79.55±16.10a
T4	0.13±0.02c	13.69±0.23a	0.17±0.01b	79.03±7.41a

处理 Treatment	叶绿素 a Chl a/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素 b Chl b/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素(a+b) Chl (a+b)/(mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a/b Chl a/Chl b	类胡萝卜素 Car/(mg·g^-1)
CK	2.17±0.19a	0.86±0.07a	3.02±0.26a	2.52±0.02a	0.41±0.03a
T1	2.23±0.29a	0.90±0.14a	3.13±0.43a	2.48±0.06ab	0.41±0.05a
T2	1.84±0.69a	0.79±0.29ab	2.63±0.98ab	2.33±0.02b	0.43±0.15a
T3	1.19±0.03b	0.77±0.10ab	1.96±0.06bc	1.55±0.23c	0.41±0.04a
T4	1.17±0.14b	0.51±0.06b	1.68±0.20c	2.30±0.03b	0.28±0.08a

处理 Treatment	最大净光合速率 P_n_max/(μmol·m^-2s^-1)	暗呼吸速率 R_d/(μmol·m^-2s^-1)	光补偿点 LCP/(μmol·m^-2s^-1)	光饱和点 LSP/(μmol·m^-2s^-1)	表观量子效率 AQY/(mol·mol^-1)
CK	10.64±0.77a	0.44±0.12a	12.89±0.87a	335.39±44.24a	0.035±0.009a
T1	10.74±0.40a	0.19±0.01b	3.61±0.62b	212.99±36.80b	0.059±0.015a
T2	8.07±0.09b	0.13±0.03b	2.41±0.75b	150.62±16.79b	0.065±0.007a
T3	6.33±0.18c	0.17±0.09b	3.91±1.25b	165.07±36.47b	0.043±0.013a
T4	5.72±0.12c	0.18±0.06b	4.50±0.63b	148.69±26.54b	0.048±0.014a

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