毛竹扩展过程中土壤碳组分变化特征及其对有机碳积累的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20260181

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 探究毛竹扩展过程中土壤有机碳（SOC）及其物理、化学和微生物碳组分的变化特征，阐明各碳组分对土壤有机碳积累的影响，深化对竹林扩展背景下土壤碳循环调控规律的科学认识，为竹林资源的可持续经营和区域碳汇管理提供理论依据与实践支撑。方法: 采用毛竹胸高断面积占比（BA%）定量表征扩展强度，以毛竹向杉木林扩展形成的典型演替序列（杉木纯林，扩展初期、中期和后期形成的竹杉混交林，毛竹纯林）为研究对象，采集0~50 cm剖面土壤样品，对比分析不同林分土壤有机碳及其物理、化学和微生物碳组分特征；基于增强回归树模型和多元逐步回归分析，解析各碳组分对土壤有机碳积累的相对影响。结果: 毛竹扩展中期形成的竹杉混交林（MCF-M，35%<BA%≤65%）土壤固碳效应最为突出，其表层（0~20 cm）土壤有机碳含量（17.66~38.65 g·kg^?1）和物理、化学碳组分均显著高于其余4种林分类型（P<0.05）；在20~50 cm土层中，除矿物结合态有机碳外，其余物理、化学碳组分在不同林分间差异均不显著（P>0.05）。不同于物理、化学碳组分呈现的表层富集特征，MCF-M的微生物残体碳及其真菌、细菌碳组分在0~50 cm土壤剖面均显著高于其他林分类型（P<0.05）。增强回归树模型显示，3类碳组分对0~20 cm土层土壤有机碳变异的整体解释率为83.25%，相对影响依次为微生物碳组分（55.51%）>物理碳组分（35.42%）>化学碳组分（9.07%）。多元逐步回归分析结果显示，微生物残体碳和矿物结合态有机碳均与土壤有机碳积累呈显著正相关（P<0.001）。结论: 竹杉混交林在毛竹扩展过程中表现出较强的土壤固碳效应，微生物残体累积和矿物保护的协同变化与土壤有机碳积累关联密切。

关键词: 毛竹林, 混交林, 有机碳固存, 微生物残体碳, 矿物结合态有机碳

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to investigate the variation patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its physical, chemical, and microbial carbon fractions during moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) expansion, and to clarify the effects of each carbon fraction on SOC accumulation. Method: The proportion of basal area at breast height (BA%) of P. edulis was used to quantitatively characterize expansion intensity. A typical successional sequence formed by bamboo expansion into Chinese fir forests (Cunninghamia lanceolata), including pure C. lanceolata forest, mixed P. edulis-C. lanceolata forests at early, middle, and late expansion stages, and pure P. edulis forest was taken as the research object. Soil samples were collected from the 0–50 cm soil profile to study the characteristics of SOC and its physical, chemical, and microbial carbon fractions in different forest stands. Boosted regression tree model and multiple stepwise regression analysis were employed to quantify the relative effects of each carbon fraction on SOC accumulation. Result: Mixed P. edulis-C. lanceolata forest at the middle expansion stage (MCF-M, 35%<BA%≤65%) exhibited the strongest soil carbon sequestration capacity. In the top soil (0–20 cm), SOC content (17.66–38.65 g·kg^?1) and physical and chemical carbon fractions were significantly higher in MCF-M than those of the other four forest stands (P<0.05). In the 20–50 cm soil layer, there were no differences in physical and chemical carbon fractions among forest stands except for mineral-associated organic carbon (P>0.05). Unlike the surface enrichment of physical and chemical carbon fractions, the microbial necromass carbon and fungal and bacterial components in MCF-M were significantly higher than those in other forest types in the 0–50 cm soil profile (P<0.05). The boosted regression tree model revealed that the three types of carbon fractions jointly explained 83.25% of SOC variation in the 0–20 cm layer, with the relative influence ranked as microbial carbon fractions (55.51%) > physical carbon fractions (35.42%) > chemical carbon fractions (9.07%). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that both microbial necromass carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon were significantly positively associated with SOC accumulation (P<0.001). Conclusion: Collectively, MCF-M exhibits superior soil carbon sequestration capacity during P. edulis expansion. The synergistic variation of microbial necromass accumulation and mineral protection is closely associated with SOC accumulation.

Key words: moso bamboo forests, mixed forests, organic carbon sequestration, microbial necromass carbon, mineral-associated organic carbon

中图分类号:

S718.55

陈宇轩,刘佳军,李姗,刘晓彤. 毛竹扩展过程中土壤碳组分变化特征及其对有机碳积累的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2026, 62(8): 86-96.

Yuxuan Chen,Jiajun Liu,Shan Li,Xiaotong Liu. Changes in Soil Carbon Fractions during Moso Bamboo Expansion and Their Effects on Organic Carbon Accumulation[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2026, 62(8): 86-96.

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样带编号 Transect No.	海拔 Elevation/m	坡向 Aspect	坡度 Slope/（°）	郁闭度 Canopy density	密度 Density/（trees·hm^?2）		平均胸径 Mean DBH/cm
样带编号 Transect No.	海拔 Elevation/m	坡向 Aspect	坡度 Slope/（°）	郁闭度 Canopy density	毛竹 P. edulis	杉木 C. lanceolata	毛竹 P. edulis	杉木 C. lanceolata
1	209	东南 Southeast	17	0.8	860	952	8.52	12.35
2	220	东南 Southeast	20	0.8	792	889	8.96	13.01
3	234	东南 Southeast	18	0.7	756	930	8.34	12.79

样带编号 Transect No.	毛竹纯林 Pure P. edulis forest	扩展后期混交林 Mixed P. edulis-C. lanceolata forest at the late expansion stage	扩展中期混交林 Mixed P. edulis-C. lanceolata forest at the middle expansion stage	扩展初期混交林 Mixed P. edulis-C. lanceolata forest at the early expansion stage	杉木纯林 Pure C. lanceolata forest
1	96.36	85.33	60.68	26.97	3.93
2	95.98	82.82	61.02	24.78	2.80
3	95.03	78.95	58.61	30.25	3.76

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