林下经济高质量发展：战略要义、技术突破与关键举措

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20250377

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

遵循“战略要义?技术突破?关键举措”逻辑主线，以“林下经济为什么要高质量发展?林下经济高质量发展要做什么?林下经济高质量发展要如何做”为分析框架，剖析林下经济高质量发展的内涵特征，诠释林下经济高质量发展与深化集体林权制度改革、国有林区转型升级、构建多元化食物供给体系、森林“四库”建设和乡村全面振兴等国家战略之间的关系。基于林下经济高质量发展的战略价值和本质要求，明确未来应在林下种质资源保育与新种质创制、林下资源生态高效经营、林下产品精深加工利用等关键领域，突破林下食用菌保育促繁技术、濒危珍稀林源药材保育技术、重点种质资源挖掘利用技术、林菌仿野生栽培和抚育技术、林源药材多元生态种植技术、“森林+”全生命周期经营技术、活性成分绿色分离技术、大健康产品加工利用技术等重点方向。从林下经济高质量发展实践需求出发，以技术突破为基础，提出促进林下经济高质量发展的关键举措：以科技创新培育林下经济新质生产力，以制度激励会聚林下经济发展新要素，以产业融合激发林下经济发展新动能，以部门协调推动林下经济发展新合力，以示范样板带动林下经济发展提质增效。

关键词: 林下经济, 深化集体林权制度改革, 国有林区改革, 大食物观, 森林“四库”, 乡村全面振兴, 技术突破, 关键举措, 高质量发展

Abstract:

This paper follows the logical main line of “strategic essence?technological breakthrough?key measures”, and takes the questions“why should non-timber forest-based economics pursue high-quality development? what actions are necessary? how should this development be implemented?”as its analytical framework. Following this approach, this paper analyzes the characteristics of high quality development of non-timber forest-based economics and interprets its relationship with national strategic priorities, such as deepening the reform of the collective forest tenure system, the transformation and upgrading of state-owned forest areas, building a diversified food supply system, the construction of the forest“four repositories”, and the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. Based on the strategic value and essential requirements of high-quality development of non-timber forest-based economics, it is clearly stated that in the future, efforts should be made in key areas such as conservation of under-forest biological germplasm resources and development of new germplasm, ecological and efficient cultivation and management of under-forest resources, and deep processing and comprehensive utilization of under-forest products. Break through key directions such as conservation and propagation techniques for edible under-forest fungi, preservation technologies for endangered and rare forest-origin medicinal plants, exploration and utilization of key germplasm resources, simulated wild cultivation and nurturing techniques for forest-grown fungi, multi-functional and ecological planting techniques for forest-origin medicinal plants, full life-cycle“Forest+”integrated management technologies, green separation techniques for active components, deep processing technologies for health and wellness products. Based on the practical demands for the high-quality development of non-timber forest-based economics and technological breakthroughs, key measures to promote the high-quality development of non-timber forest-based economics are proposed: cultivate new quality and productivity of non-timber forest-based economics through technological innovation, gather new elements for the development of non-timber forest-based economics through institutional incentives, stimulate new impetus for the development of non-timber forest-based economics through industrial integration, promote new synergy for the development of non-timber forest-based economics through departmental coordination, and drive the quality improvement and efficiency enhancement of the development of non-timber forest-based economics through demonstration models.

Key words: non-timber forest-based economics, deepen the reform of the collective forest tenure system, reform of state-owned forest areas, the greater food approach, forest“four repositories”, comprehensive rural revitalization, directions for technological breakthroughs, policy measures, high-quality development

中图分类号:

S7-9
F326.2

陈幸良,窦亚权. 林下经济高质量发展：战略要义、技术突破与关键举措[J]. 林业科学, 2025, 61(7): 59-71.

Xingliang Chen,Yaquan Dou. High-Quality Development of Non-Timber Forest-Based Economics：Strategic Essence, Technological Breakthroughs and Key Measures[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(7): 59-71.

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林下经济高质量发展技术突破领域和方向"

关键领域Key areas	重点方向Priority directions	具体技术Specific technologies
林下种质资源保育与新种质创制 Conservation of under-forest biological germplasm resources and development of new germplasm	林下食用菌保育促繁技术 Conservation and propagation techniques for edible under-forest fungi	原位保育、野生菌株分离纯化、遗传评价与优良菌株筛选、菌种扩繁与保存等 In situ conservation, isolation and purification of wild fungi strains, genetic evaluation and selection of elite fungi strains, strain propagation and preservation, etc
	濒危珍稀林源药材保育技术 Preservation technologies for endangered and rare forest-origin medicinal plants	原位保育、异地保育、组织培养与快繁、生境调控、种群动态与遗传多样性监测等 In situ conservation, ex situ conservation, tissue culture and rapid propagation, habitat regulation, population dynamics and genetic diversity monitoring, etc
	重点种质资源挖掘利用技术 Exploration and utilization of key germplasm resources	林下优异灌草资源等微生物种质资源筛选、采集与分离、功能评价，微生物制剂开发与产业化等 Collection and isolation, and functional evaluation of microbial resource such as under-forest superior shrub-grass resources, development and industrialization of microbial formulations, etc
林下资源生态高效经营 Ecological and efficient cultivation and management of under-forest resources	林菌仿野生栽培和抚育技术 Simulated wild cultivation and nurturing techniques for forest-grown fungi	菌种接种、林下微环境调控、栽培环境模拟、野生抚育管理等 Strain inoculation, regulation of under-forest microenvironment, cultivation environment simulation, wild nurturing management, etc
	林源药材多元生态种植技术 Multi-functional and ecological planting techniques for forest-origin medicinal plants	林下“生境耦合”和“物种互作”，林药复合系统的群落结构、根系互作、土壤微生物调控等 Under-forest habitat coupling and species interactions, community structure, root interactions, and soil microbial regulation within compound forest–medicinal plant systems, etc
	“森林+”全生命周期经营技术 Full life-cycle “Forest+” integrated management technologies	不同森林生长阶段适配模式、生态影响评估等 Adaptive models and ecological impact assessment for different forest growth stages, etc
林下资源产品精深加工利用 Deep processing and comprehensive utilization of under-forest products	活性成分绿色分离技术 Green separation techniques for active components	超临界流体萃取、亚临界水萃取、微波辅助提取、天然深共熔溶剂提取等 Supercritical fluid extraction, subcritical water extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, natural deep eutectic solvents, etc
	大健康产品加工利用技术 Deep processing technologies for health and wellness Products	功能成分提取与纯化、功能食品加工、中医药健康产品开发、营养组学与精准营养等 Extraction and purification of functional ingredients， functional food processing， development of traditional chinese medicine-based health products, nutrigenomics and precision nutrition, etc

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