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林业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (3): 40-47.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220305

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北京山区侧柏用水来源随水分条件变化的多时间尺度

刘子赫1,贾国栋1,*,刘自强2,邓文平3   

  1. 1. 北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室 北京 100083
    2. 南京林业大学 南京 210037
    3. 江西农业大学 南昌 330045
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-06 出版日期:2022-03-25 发布日期:2022-06-02
  • 通讯作者: 贾国栋
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41877152)

Water Source Change of Platycladus orientalis under Different Water Regimes in Beijing Mountainous Area: a Multi-timescale Study

Zihe Liu1,Guodong Jia1,*,Ziqiang Liu2,Wenping Deng3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083
    2. Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037
    3. Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang 330045
  • Received:2020-11-06 Online:2022-03-25 Published:2022-06-02
  • Contact: Guodong Jia

摘要:

目的: 探究北京山区典型树种侧柏的用水来源在不同时间尺度下对水分条件变化的响应,为该地区侧柏林的经营管理提供科学支撑。方法: 以北京山区典型造林树种侧柏为研究对象,选择连续的具不同降水量的3个年份,即2015年(年降水量580 mm,平水年)、2016年(年降水量649.8 mm,偏丰年)和2017年(年降水量309.3 mm,枯水年),利用稳定氢氧同位素技术,结合MixSIAR来源混合模型,分析在不同年降水条件下侧柏用水来源特征;同步监测样地气象要素以及土壤含水率等信息,计算土壤相对可利用水分(REW),分析侧柏用水的水分来源与水分条件的相关性。结果: 1) 深层(4~100 cm)土壤REW显著大于浅层(0~40 cm)土壤(P < 0.05),降雨使得各层REW显著提高;雨季REW显著大于旱季。浅层(0~40 cm)土壤的REW在2016年(0.341)和2017年(0.360)中显著低于2015年(0.423)(P < 0.05),而深层土壤REW在3年间差异均不显著,按年份顺序分别为0.613、0.618和0.587。2) 侧柏的用水来源贡献率总体表现为深层土壤大于浅层土壤,但雨后的浅层土壤贡献率会升高。浅层土壤的侧柏用水贡献率在雨后和无雨分别为45.7%和44.5%;深层土壤的侧柏用水贡献率雨季(56.2%)高于旱季(54.8%),枯水年(57.8%)显著大于平水年(54.1%)和偏丰年(54.6%)。结论: 侧柏主要依赖于深层土壤水以维持其水分需求,次降雨和季节性变化均不会显著改变侧柏用水的土层来源格局,但年降水量显著减少时,侧柏显著依赖于深层土壤水。

关键词: 植物水分利用, 不同水分条件, 侧柏, 北京山区

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to explore the responses of water resources of Platycladus orientalis to various water conditions, so as to provide scientific support for managing P. orientalis plantations in Beijing mountainous area. Method: P. orientalis, a typical afforestation species in Beijing mountainous area, was used as the study object. Three consecutive years with different annual precipitation were targeted to analyze the water source characteristics of P. orientalis under different annual precipitation conditions, and the annual precipitation in 2015, 2016, and 2017 was 580 mm, 649.8 mm, and 309.3 mm, respectively. The stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope technique, and MixSIAR model were used to analyze water resources. Simultaneously the climate data were collected, and the soil water content in the plot was measured, and the relative extractable water (REW) of soil was calculated. All the data were used to analyze the water use patterns of P. orientalis under different water conditions. Result: 1) The REW of deep soil was significantly higher than that of shallow soil (P < 0.05), and rainfall significantly increased the REW of each layer. REW in rainy season is significantly higher than that in dry season. In the three years, the REW of shallow soil in 2016 (0.341) and 2017 (0.360) was significantly lower than that in 2015 (0.423) (P < 0.05), while the REW of deep soil in the three years was not significantly different, which was 0.613, 0.618 and 0.587 in chronological order. 2) The contribution rate of deep soil water was generally greater than that of shallow soil water, but the contribution rate of shallow soil water increased after rain, with 45.7% after rain and 44.5% without rain, respectively. In different seasons, P. orientalis had higher utilization of deep soil water in the rainy season (56.2%) than in the dry season (54.8%). In different years, the utilization of the deep layer in dry year (2017) was 57.8%, and was significantly higher than that in normal year (2015) (54.1%) and rainy year (2016) (54.6%). Conclusion: P. orientalis mainly relies on deep soil water to maintain its water demand. Rainfall events and seasonal soil water variation do not significantly affect the water use strategy of P. orientalis, but the significant decrease in annual rainfall will cause P. orientalis to be more dependent on deep soil water.

Key words: plant water use, various water condition, Platycladus orientalis, Beijing mountainous area

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