三年桐内溶磷促生菌的筛选及其促生效应

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20250644

林业科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (7): 100-112.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20250644

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

三年桐内溶磷促生菌的筛选及其促生效应

王浩¹,郭宇翔¹,陈晨¹,刘思凡²,刘赞²,何钢²,刘年元³,曾艳玲^1,*()

1. 木本油料资源利用全国重点实验室　经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室　中南林业科技大学林学院　长沙 410004
2. 湘西土家族苗族自治州林业科学研究所　吉首 416000
3. 湘西土家族苗族自治州林业局　吉首 416000

收稿日期:2025-10-27 修回日期:2026-04-20 出版日期:2026-07-10 发布日期:2026-07-14
通讯作者: 曾艳玲 E-mail:zengyanling110@csuft.edu.cn
基金资助:
中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目（〔2024〕XT14）

Screening of Endophytic Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria from Vernicia fordii and Their Growth-Promoting Effects

Hao Wang¹,Yuxiang Guo¹,Chen Chen¹,Sifan Liu²,Zan Liu²,Gang He²,Nianyuan Liu³,Yanling Zeng^1,*()

1. State Key Laboratory of Woody Oil Resources Utilization　Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education　College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology　Changsha 410004
2. Forestry Science Research Institute in Xiangxi Tujiazu & Miaozu Autonomous Prefecture　Jishou 416000
3. Forestry Bureau of Xiangxi Tujiazu & Miaozu Autonomous Prefecture　Jishou 416000

Received:2025-10-27 Revised:2026-04-20 Online:2026-07-10 Published:2026-07-14
Contact: Yanling Zeng E-mail:zengyanling110@csuft.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 挖掘三年桐功能内生细菌资源，筛选高效溶磷菌株，为后续开发其他植物在石漠化地区的促生菌剂提供科学基础。方法: 选取健康无病虫害的三年桐分离根、茎、叶内生细菌，采用溶磷圈初筛和钼锑抗比色法复筛获得溶磷菌株；结合16S rRNA序列鉴定菌株；通过Ashby培养观察、凯氏定氮法和Salkowski法等对比分析溶磷细菌固氮、产IAA和拮抗枯萎病的能力；开展溶磷细菌处理三年桐/千年桐盆栽试验，对比分析生长指标、生理参数和营养元素积累量。结果: 分离获得31种真菌细菌，其中洋葱伯克霍尔德菌RP2的溶磷能力最强（459.64 mg·L^–1），具备高效固氮（53.12 mg·g^–1干菌质量）和产IAA（97.54 μg·mL^–1）能力；三年桐接种RP2后株高增幅达68.5%（77 cm 对比对照组均值45.7 cm），地上部鲜质量提高98.2%（111 g对比56 g）；三年桐根系磷含量显著提升88.6%（RP2组6.695 mg·g^–1对比对照组3.55 mg·g^–1）；黏质沙雷氏菌RP3具有高效溶磷能力（399.10 mg·L^–1）；伯克霍尔德菌RP2和水生芽孢杆菌SP4兼具溶磷与尖孢镰刀菌拮抗能力。结论: 在三年桐体内发现并验证伯克霍尔德菌RP2和沙雷氏菌RP3多功能促生菌，其可显著促进油桐属林木生长，为绿色环保促生菌剂开发提供核心资源。

关键词: 三年桐, 内生细菌, 溶磷菌, 促生作用, 伯克霍尔德菌, 沙雷氏菌

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to explore functional endophytic bacteria resources from Vernicia fordii (tung tree), screen efficient phosphate-solubilizing strains, so as to provide a scientific basis for developing growth-promoting bacterial agents for plants in rocky desertification regions. Method: Endophytic bacteria were isolated from roots, stems and leaves of healthy tung trees. Phosphate-solubilizing strains were obtained through primary screening by phosphate-solubilizing halo and rescreening by molybdenum-antimony anti-colorimetric method. Strains were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Their nitrogen-fixation, IAA production, and antagonism against Fusarium oxysporum were analyzed. Pot experiments were conducted to verify their effects on growth and nutrient accumulation in V. fordii/V. montana seedlings treated with phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Result: A total of 31 species of fungi and bacteria were isolated. Burkholderia cepacia (RP2) showed the strongest phosphate-solubilizing capacity (459.64 mg·L^–1), with high nitrogen-fixation (53.12 mg·g^–1) and IAA production (97.54 μg·mL^–1). Inoculation with RP2 increased plant height and shoot fresh weight of tung tree by 68.5% and 98.2%, respectively, and root phosphorus content by 88.6%. Serratia marcescens (RP3) exhibited both phosphate-solubilization (399.10 mg·L^–1). RP2 and Bacillus subtilis (SP4) had both phosphate solubilizing and antagonistic abilities against Fusarium oxysporum. Conclusion: Two multifunctional growth-promoting strains, RP2 and RP3, have been identified from tung tree for the first time. They significantly promote the growth of Vernicia species. This study provides core resources for developing green and environmentally friendly growth promoting agents.

Key words: Vernicia fordii, endophytic bacteria, phosphate solubilization, growth promotion, Burkholderia, Serratia

中图分类号:

S718.8

王浩,郭宇翔,陈晨,刘思凡,刘赞,何钢,刘年元,曾艳玲. 三年桐内溶磷促生菌的筛选及其促生效应[J]. 林业科学, 2026, 62(7): 100-112.

Hao Wang,Yuxiang Guo,Chen Chen,Sifan Liu,Zan Liu,Gang He,Nianyuan Liu,Yanling Zeng. Screening of Endophytic Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria from Vernicia fordii and Their Growth-Promoting Effects[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2026, 62(7): 100-112.

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菌株 Strain	溶磷圈 Phosphate solubilizing halo（D/d）	溶磷能力 Phosphate solubilization capacity/（mg·L^–1）	酸性磷酸酶活性 Acid phosphatase activity/（U·g^–1）	植酸酶活性 Phytase activity/ （U·g^–1）	ACC酶活 ACC deaminase activity/（U·g^–1）
RP1	1.8±0.1c	218.32±11.5c	28.4±1.2c	2.1±0.2c	0.68±0.06d
RP2	2.5±0.1a	459.64±20.3a	45.3±1.8a	5.8±0.3a	12.45±0.58a
RP3	2.3±0.1b	399.10±18.1b	38.7±1.5b	4.2±0.3b	8.71±0.42b
SP4	1.9±0.1c	223.12±12.7c	31.2±1.4c	3.1±0.2c	6.93±0.35c
CK	—	—	—	—	—

树种 Species	处理 Treatment	根长 Root length/cm	根投影面积 Root projected area/cm²	根表面积 Root surface area/cm²	根体积 Root volume/cm³	平均根径 Average root diameter/mm	根际ACC酶含量 Rhizosphere ACC deaminase content/（nmol·g^–1）
三年桐 Vernicia fordii	CK	830.21±118.97c	135.40±42.48d	425.37±74.29d	17.34±5.15b	1.63±0.25a	0.82±0.09a
	RP1	797.67±36.55c	80.46±36.34e	252.76±74.07e	6.37±2.98c	1.01±0.10d	0.75±0.07b
	RP2	1274.05±61.19b	168.39±10.85c	529.01±34.08c	17.48±1.83b	1.32±0.03b	0.38±0.04e
	RP3	1703.24±177.23a	203.47±27.84b	639.23±87.46b	19.09±4.08b	1.19±0.03c	0.45±0.05d
	SP4	1347.64±246.59b	226.17±47.98a	710.55±50.75a	29.81±7.10a	1.68±0.08a	0.61±0.06c
千年桐 Vernicia montana	CK	910.46±105.80d	116.87±21.50d	367.16±67.54d	11.78±2.41d	1.28±0.04a	0.88±0.11a
	RP1	1146.09±117.15c	138.48±27.94d	435.04±46.28d	13.14±2.21d	1.21±0.05b	0.79±0.08b
	RP2	1988.17±215.25a	254.07±45.01a	798.17±34.40a	25.50±5.64a	1.28±0.03a	0.35±0.05d
	RP3	1750.74±87.87b	219.61±4.51b	689.93±14.17b	21.64±0.99b	1.25±0.01ab	0.41±0.04c
	SP4	1658.85±101.44b	201.09±8.54c	631.74±26.83c	19.15±1.51c	1.21±0.02b	0.58±0.07c

树种 Species	处理 Treatment	氮含量（地上部） N content （shoot）/ （mg·g^–1）	氮含量（地下部） N content （root）/ （mg·g^–1）	磷含量（地上部） P content （shoot）/ （mg·g^–1）	磷含量（地下部） P content （root）/（mg·g^–1）	地上部氮∶磷 Shoot N∶P ratio	地下部氮∶磷 Root N∶P ratio	钾含量（地上部） K content （shoot）/（mg·g^–1）	钾含量（地下部） K content （root）/（mg·g^–1）
三年桐 Vernicia fordii	CK	18.32±0.38b	19.10±0.27d	3.18±0.15c	3.55±0.16c	5.76	5.38	17.82±0.73d	19.14±0.75d
	RP1	18.58±0.47b	20.79±0.71c	2.54±0.28d	3.33±0.12d	7.31	6.24	19.38±0.13c	26.16±0.85c
	RP2	20.03±1.07a	27.26±0.41a	4.13±0.22a	6.70±0.10a	4.85	4.07	26.84±0.39a	30.55±2.80a
	RP3	18.58±0.47b	24.36±0.46b	3.87±0.28b	4.46±0.21b	4.8	5.46	19.16±0.82c	30.21±1.90a
	SP4	18.76±0.93b	22.13±1.37c	3.55±0.54c	3.79±0.09c	5.28	5.84	22.94±1.18b	22.60±1.05b
千年桐 Vernicia montana	CK	23.03±0.76b	18.97±0.22e	3.26±0.15d	3.87±0.20c	7.06	4.9	16.37±0.64d	20.63±1.73d
	RP1	11.41±0.00e	20.40±0.07d	3.70±0.00c	4.18±0.00b	3.08	4.88	15.32±0.00e	25.47±0.00c
	RP2	17.29±3.04d	28.05±0.38a	4.24±0.17b	6.76±0.14a	4.08	4.15	26.05±0.39a	36.54±0.00a
	RP3	18.55±1.06c	23.47±0.56c	3.96±0.31b	4.05±0.21b	4.68	5.79	18.50±1.04c	26.36±0.00b
	SP4	24.55±2.80a	24.87±0.06b	4.57±0.55a	3.80±0.09c	5.37	6.54	24.52±1.00b	24.59±2.06c

变量Variable	PC1 载荷 PC1 loading	PC2 载荷 PC2 loading
土壤蔗糖酶活性Soil invertase activity	0.992	–0.021
土壤酸性磷酸酶活性 Soil acid phosphatase activity	0.989	0.045
土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶活性 Soil β-glucosidase activity	0.987	–0.032
固氮 Nitrogen fixation	0.985	0.112
溶磷 Phosphate solubilization	0.982	0.056
土壤植酸酶活性Soil phytase activity	0.978	–0.058
产IAA IAA production	0.975	0.152
千年桐地下钾Potassium in underground part of Vernicia montana	0.965	0.118
三年桐地下钾Potassium in underground part of Vernicia fordii	0.963	0.121
土壤脲酶活性Soil urease activity	0.96	–0.105

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三年桐内溶磷促生菌的筛选及其促生效应

Screening of Endophytic Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria from Vernicia fordii and Their Growth-Promoting Effects

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