林业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (4): 1-15.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220903
王智超1,马天天1,邵亚奎1,孙林豪2,李永华3,张晓媛4,张丽荣5,张贵6,范文义7,冯仲科1,*
收稿日期:2022-12-22
出版日期:2024-04-25
发布日期:2024-05-23
通讯作者:
冯仲科
基金资助:Zhichao Wang1,Tiantian Ma1,Yakui Shao1,Linhao Sun2,Yonghua Li3,Xiaoyuan Zhang4,Lirong Zhang5,Gui Zhang6,Wenyi Fan7,Zhongke Feng1,*
Received:2022-12-22
Online:2024-04-25
Published:2024-05-23
Contact:
Zhongke Feng
摘要：
森林观测信息的生产是支持智慧林业工作开展的基础和先导。本文以森林观测仪器技术体系的构建历史、现状和未来为切入点，以基础性公共技术的发展脉络为支撑，深入分析森林观测仪器与森林观测需求的耦合程度。传统森林观测仪器体系在时效性和准确性上已经无法满足日益发展的林业调查的需要，观测仪器存在孤立性高、难以集成、操作繁琐、效率低等问题。这主要是由于当前针对森林观测研究偏重对成熟仪器使用和数据分析，观测仪器的研发偏重算法补偿和集成第三方元件，轻物理结构设计等因素造成。面对基本测量原理鲜有更新、森林观测标准制定滞后于新型技术发展等问题，本文从对观测仪器现在和未来的联合模式进行阐述，从逻辑架构到物理技术层面上分析森林观测仪器联合模式可能在未来出现的发展状况与应用前景。最后，基于当前基础性技术发展的趋势，对可能出现的几种新形态的森林观测仪器进行推测，并以此展望在近未来可能在中国实现的一种智能森林观测体系的雏形。
中图分类号:
王智超,马天天,邵亚奎,孙林豪,李永华,张晓媛,张丽荣,张贵,范文义,冯仲科. 面向未来的中国智慧林业：观测仪器体系的演进与发展趋势[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(4): 1-15.
Zhichao Wang,Tiantian Ma,Yakui Shao,Linhao Sun,Yonghua Li,Xiaoyuan Zhang,Lirong Zhang,Gui Zhang,Wenyi Fan,Zhongke Feng. Future oriented Smart Forestry in China: Evolution and Development Trends of Observation Instrument Systems[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(4): 1-15.
图1
当前与面向未来的林业智能观测体系框架"
图2
林业观测装备的演变过程"
表1
逻辑联合对比表"
| 逻辑联合 Logical union | 联合形式 Union form | 应用案例 Applications | 优点 Aadvantage | 缺点 Defect |
| 地地联合 Land-land union | 不同地面观测设备联合 Combined different ground observation equipment | 森林参数提取( | 数据精度高 High data accuracy 受外界环境因素影响小 Less affected by external environmental factors | 测量范围小 Small measuring range 地形复杂地区难以进入 Areas with complex terrain are difficult to access |
| 空地联合 Air-land union | 地面观测设备与空中观测量设备的联合 Combination of ground observation equipment and air observation equipment | 林分三维建模( | 影像分辨率高 High image resolution 价格便宜 Cheap price 无人机灵活性高 High drone flexibility | 数据量大，数据处理 分析难度大 The amount of data is large and data processing and analysis is difficult 受天气条件影响 Affected by weather conditions |
| 空空联合 Air-air union | 空中观测设备的联合 Combination of air observation equipment | 亮度温度反演( Regional scale forest aboveground biomass calculation | 适合大尺度区域研究 Suitable for large-scale regional research 数据类型多样 Diverse data types 数据处理技术相对成熟 Data processing technology is relatively mature | 影像分辨率有限 Image resolution is limited 受天气条件影响 Affected by weather conditions 成本高昂 High cost |
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