硅对檀香紫檀苗木矿质元素吸收、微域分布及离子泵活性的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20191001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 探索施加硅（Si）以提高檀香紫檀苗木抗寒性的矿质营养吸收与分配基础，为进一步Si营养提高苗木抗寒性的作用提供参考。方法: 以12月龄苗木为试材，测试分析2种施Si量栽培6个月的苗木体内8种矿质元素的含量变化，（-3±0.5）℃胁迫下细胞内H⁺和Ca²⁺浓度，质膜和类囊体膜H⁺-ATP酶、Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性及类囊体膜蛋白含量与磷脂酶D活性的响应。结果: 施Si苗木S、Cl元素相对含量降低，K元素相对含量显著降低，Mg、P、Fe元素相对含量升高，Si、Ca元素相对含量大幅升高；施Si苗木质膜H⁺-ATP酶、Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性显著高于对照，低温胁迫下降低幅度小，特别是叶片质膜H⁺-ATP酶；低温胁迫下，不施Si苗木类囊体膜蛋白质含量及H⁺-ATP酶、Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性下降幅度大、显著低于施Si苗木，同时，磷脂酶D（PLD）活性强、低温胁迫下显著升高。结论: 施Si改善檀香紫檀苗木对矿质元素的吸收、微域分布及平衡性，Si介导低温胁迫下苗木质膜和类囊体膜离子泵等生化组分及其功能的稳定性。

关键词: 檀香紫檀, 抗寒性, 硅, 矿质元素, 离子泵

Abstract:

Objective: This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Silicon (Si) in increasingthe cold resistance of red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus) seedlings by improving mineral nutrient absorption and distribution. Method: One-year-old seedlings were treated with two levels of Si amount for 6 months, and the variations of 8 mineral elements in the seedlings were measured. Then the seedlings were gradually cooled down to (-3±0.5)℃ and treated with the temperature for 24 h, and 72 h, respectively, and the intracellular concentrations of H⁺and Ca²⁺, and H⁺-ATPases and Ca²⁺-ATPase activities of plasma membrane and thylakoid membrane were detected. Result: The results showed that the relative content of K element of red sandalwood seedlings with Si addition was significantly reduced, and the relative content of Si element, and especially Ca element was significantly increased compared with the control. The activities of plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase of Si-treated seedlings were significantly higher than those of control, and their reductions were significantly less under low temperature stress, especially for the plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase. Under low temperature stress, the protein content and H⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase activities of thylakoid membrane of control seedlings significantly decreased, while phospholipase-D (PLD) activity significantly increased. Statistical analysis showed that H⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase activities were closely related to Ca²⁺ content, membrane lipid composition and PLD activity. Objective: Application of Si improved the absorption, distribution and balance of mineral elements in red sandalwood seedlings, Si mediated the stability of ion pump activity and other chemical components of plasma and thylakoid membranes of red sandalwood seedlings under low temperature stress.

Key words: red sandalwood, cold resistance, silicon, mineral element, ion pump

中图分类号:

S718.43

徐呈祥,马艳萍,旦书艳,邹燕,陈玉林. 硅对檀香紫檀苗木矿质元素吸收、微域分布及离子泵活性的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2019, 55(10): 1-9.

Chengxiang Xu,Yanping Ma,Shuyan Dan,Yan Zou,Yuling Chen. Effects of Silicon on Mineral Element Absorption, Micro-distribution and Ion Pump Activity of Red Sandalwood Seedlings[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2019, 55(10): 1-9.

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细胞 Cell	施Si量 The amount of Si applied/(mmol·kg^-1)	矿质元素相对含量Relative content of mineral elements (%)
细胞 Cell	施Si量 The amount of Si applied/(mmol·kg^-1)	Mg	Si	P	S	Cl	K	Ca	Fe
表皮细胞 Epidermal cell	0	0.85cd	1.63cd	2.11c	5.83ab	4.51a	65.31b	16.60c	3.15ab
表皮细胞 Epidermal cell	1.5	1.39bc	9.30a	3.31ab	4.51b	3.85abc	51.01d	21.45ab	5.19a
皮层细胞 Cortical cell	0	0.61d	0.52de	1.50c	4.36b	3.76abc	79.35a	10.67d	1.22b
皮层细胞 Cortical cell	1.5	1.53b	1.94bc	3.08b	4.05b	3.15bc	68.07b	14.14c	2.06b
中柱细胞 Stelar cell	0	1.55b	0.18e	3.07b	7.32a	4.45ab	61.36bc	19.73b	2.43b
中柱细胞 Stelar cell	1.5	2.97a	3.03b	4.23a	4.11b	3.07c	52.04d	25.53a	4.82^a

细胞 Cell	施Si量 The amount of Si applied/(mmol·kg^-1)	矿质元素相对含量Relative content of mineral elements (%)
细胞 Cell	施Si量 The amount of Si applied/(mmol·kg^-1)	Mg	Si	P	S	Cl	K	Ca	Fe
上表皮细胞Upper epidermal cell	0	2.54b	0.67e	1.14de	4.52c	3.45ab	60.04a	24.75b	2.89b
上表皮细胞Upper epidermal cell	1.5	3.04b	1.38bc	1.74cd	3.00c	3.12ab	44.09c	38.57a	5.08a
下表皮细胞 Lowerepidermal cell	0	0.26c	0.48e	0.98e	6.98ab	3.58ab	63.04a	23.24b	1.45cd
下表皮细胞 Lowerepidermal cell	1.5	1.21c	1.70ab	1.92bc	5.13bc	1.07d	50.13b	36.73a	2.14bc
栅栏组织细胞 Palisade tissue cell	0	3.50b	1.09cd	1.03de	8.22a	3.89a	60.82a	21.33b	0.33e
栅栏组织细胞 Palisade tissue cell	1.5	5.17a	1.88a	1.98bc	4.94bc	2.35bc	42.26c	39.33a	1.14cd
海绵组织细胞 Sponge tissue cell	0	0.79c	0.19e	2.63ab	4.86bc	3.36ab	63.54a	24.40b	0.26e
海绵组织细胞 Sponge tissue cell	1.5	2.78b	0.63de	3.27a	4.13c	1.88cd	50.06b	34.96a	2.33bc

细胞Cell	施Si量 The amount of Si applied/ (mmol·kg^-1)	矿质元素相对含量比值Ratio of the relative content of mineral elements
细胞Cell	施Si量 The amount of Si applied/ (mmol·kg^-1)	Mg/K	Si/K	P/K	Ca/K	Fe/k	Mg/Ca	Si/Ca	P/Ca	Fe/Ca
根尖中柱细胞 Rootoot tip stelar cell	0	0.03c	0.00d	0.05b	0.32c	0.04b	0.08c	0.01c	0.16a	0.12b
根尖中柱细胞 Rootoot tip stelar cell	1.5	0.06b	0.06a	0.08a	0.49b	0.09a	0.12b	0.12a	0.17a	0.19a
栅栏组织细胞 Palisade tissue cell	0	0.06b	0.02c	0.02c	0.35c	0.01c	0.16a	0.05b	0.05b	0.02c
栅栏组织细胞 Palisade tissue cell	1.5	0.12a	0.04b	0.05b	0.93a	0.04b	0.13b	0.05b	0.05b	0.03c

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