香榧不同叶龄叶片光合能力与氮含量及其分配关系的比较

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20150206

林业科学 ›› 2015, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 44-51.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20150206

香榧不同叶龄叶片光合能力与氮含量及其分配关系的比较

黄增冠¹, 喻卫武¹, 罗宏海², 李昱飞¹, 戴文圣¹, 胡渊渊¹, 吴家胜¹

1. 浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点试验室培育基地临安 311300;
2. 石河子大学农学院新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室石河子 832003

收稿日期:2014-05-30 修回日期:2014-08-10 出版日期:2015-02-25 发布日期:2015-03-11
通讯作者: 吴家胜
基金资助:
浙江省重中之重林学一级学科开放基金项目(KF201312);浙江农林大学科研发展基金(2013FR063);浙江省新品种选育重大科技专项"香榧资源评价及新品种选育"(2012C12904-12);国家科技星火重大项目"浙江特色干果产业提质增效关键技术集成与示范"(2012GA700001);浙江省科技厅重大科技专项重点农业项目"浙西南油料干果产业化培育技术研究与示范推广"(2012C12002)。

Photosynthetic Characteristics and Their Relationships with Leaf Nitrogen Content and Nitrogen Allocation in Leaves at Different Leaf Age

Huang Zengguan¹, Yu Weiwu¹, Luo Honghai², Li Yufei¹, Dai Wensheng¹, Hu Yuanyuan¹, Wu Jiasheng¹

1. The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University Lin'an 311300;
2. Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecol-Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crop College of Agricultural, Shihezi University Shihezi 832003

Received:2014-05-30 Revised:2014-08-10 Online:2015-02-25 Published:2015-03-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】比较香榧不同叶龄叶片光响应、二氧化碳(CO₂)响应、比叶质量(SLW)、叶绿素(Chl)含量、叶片氮含量等的差异,探讨不同叶龄、不同叶位叶片之间的光合特性与氮含量及分配的关系,为进一步提高其丰产栽培技术提供理论依据。【方法】在自然林地条件下,以20年香榧顶枝(A)、侧枝(S)上的当年生(C)叶片、1年生叶片(C+1)和2年生(C+2)叶片为研究对象,测定不同叶位的不同叶龄香榧叶片的光响应曲线、CO₂响应曲线、Chl含量、叶氮含量的变化。【结果】随着叶龄的增加,香榧叶片的光饱和点(LSP)、最大光合作用速率(P_max)均呈降低趋势,Chl含量、以干质量为基础的叶氮含量(N_M)、分配到羧化作用的N素(N_C)、分配到能量代谢的N素(N_B)、分配到捕光色素的N素(N_L)、光合氮素利用效率(PNUE)均逐渐降低,但SLW却呈显著增加的趋势,且PNUE与SLW呈显著负相关性。同一叶龄不同叶位香榧叶片之间的P_max、Chl含量、N_M、N_C、N_B、N_L、PNUE、SLW均无显著性差异。【结论】香榧不同叶龄叶片的光合特性存在差异,主要与其Chl含量、最大RuBP羧化速率(V_cmax)及RuBP再生的光合电子传递速率(J_max)大小不同有关。随着叶龄的增加,香榧叶片对强光的适应性逐渐减弱; 香榧叶片P_max的降低是由于分配到细胞壁的氮素增加,使叶片增强抵御外界环境变化的能力,但分配到光合机构的氮素(N_c, N_B和N_L)降低,从而使叶片的光合速率、PNUE降低。同一叶龄不同叶位香榧叶片的光合特性无显著性差异。

关键词: 香榧, 叶龄, 光合速率, 氮素, 氮分配

Abstract:

【Objective】 To elucidate photosynthetic characteristics and the relationships with leaf nitrogen content and nitrogen allocation in leaves of Torreya grandis at different position and different leaf age, the light response curve, CO₂ response curve, specific leaf weight (SLW), chlorophyll content of apical shoot (A) and side branches (S) leaves at different leaf age were studied. This study aims at providing a theoretical basis for the further development of the high yield cultivation. 【Method】 We measured the light response curve, CO₂ response curve, chlorophyll content, leaf nitrogen content of the current year leaf, one-year-old leaf, two-year-old leaf of different position under natural conditions. 【Result】 The results showed that LSP (light saturation point) and P_max (maximum net photosynthetic rate) decreased with increasing leaf age. We also found that chlorophyll content, leaf nitrogen content per dry weight, the fraction of leaf nitrogen allocated to carboxylation (N_C), the fraction of leaf nitrogen allocated to bioenergetics (N_B), photosynthetic nitrogen utilization efficiency (PNUE) decreased while SLW increased with increasing leaf age. Moreover, a significant negative correlation was observed between PNUE and SLW. However, there were no differences in P_max, Chl content, N_M, N_C, N_B, N_L, PNUE and SLW between the apical shoot and the side branch at the same leaf age. 【Conclusion】 The result indicated that the net photosynthesis rate had distinct differences with the increasing leaf age, which would be mainly due to the differences in Chl, V_cmax, J_max. Compared with the current-year leaves, the relatively older leaves invested more nitrogen to cell walls relative to photosynthetic structure, correlating with leaf toughness, with less nitrogen allocating to N_C, N_B, N_L, causing a decrease in photosynthetic rate and PNUE. There were no differences in photosynthetic characteristics between the apical shoot and the side branch at the same leaf age. This study clarifies the reason for the different photosynthetic characteristics and their relationships with leaf nitrogen content and nitrogen allocation in leaves of different position at different leaf age, which is vital for increasing the fruit production of T. grandis by adjusting material investment, distribution pattern and improving photosynthetic performance.

Key words: Torreya grandis, leaf age, photosynthesis rate, nitrogen, nitrogen allocation

中图分类号:

S718.43

黄增冠, 喻卫武, 罗宏海, 李昱飞, 戴文圣, 胡渊渊, 吴家胜. 香榧不同叶龄叶片光合能力与氮含量及其分配关系的比较[J]. 林业科学, 2015, 51(2): 44-51.

Huang Zengguan, Yu Weiwu, Luo Honghai, Li Yufei, Dai Wensheng, Hu Yuanyuan, Wu Jiasheng. Photosynthetic Characteristics and Their Relationships with Leaf Nitrogen Content and Nitrogen Allocation in Leaves at Different Leaf Age[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(2): 44-51.

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香榧不同叶龄叶片光合能力与氮含量及其分配关系的比较

Photosynthetic Characteristics and Their Relationships with Leaf Nitrogen Content and Nitrogen Allocation in Leaves at Different Leaf Age

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