不同花粉对苹果果实中抗坏血酸相关酶活性的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20141105

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用自育高效授粉树的花粉,在富士、金帅、嘎啦苹果铃铛花期时进行授粉,自授粉后20天的幼果开始间隔20天连续采样,对果实抗坏血酸(AsA)代谢中关键酶抗坏血酸氧化酶(AAO)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)、L-半乳糖-1,4-内酯脱氢酶(GalLDH)、L-半乳糖脱氢酶(GalDH),以及AsA含量进行测定.结果表明: 苹果果实AsA的迅速积累期主要为授粉后40~60天期间,用高效授粉树花粉授粉的果实,在整个生长发育过程中,L-半乳糖内酯脱氢酶的活性均比对照果实有明显的提高,对于L-半乳糖脱氢酶,虽然该酶在授粉果实内活性较对照果实有所提高,但其在整个生长发育时期活性比较低; 对于处理果实,其还原酶MDHAR和DHAR的活性提高,而氧化酶AAO和APX的活性却较对照果实降低,但总体活性水平差异不显著.AAO,APX,MDHAR,DHAR 4个酶均在果实发育初期存在较高的活性,以后逐渐降低并维持在稳定的水平,后期活性不高.这表明经高效授粉树授粉处理的果实主要是通过提高果实内AsA合成酶的活性来提高果实内AsA的含量.

关键词: 苹果, 授粉, 抗坏血酸, 代谢物, 酶活性

Abstract:

Three apple (Malus domestica) cultivars including Fuji, Gala and Golden Delicious were pollinated before the blooming period with pollens from different pollination trees. The ascorbic acid (AsA) metabolism relative enzymes, including ascorbate oxygenase (AAO), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GalLDH), L-galactose dehydrogenase (GalDH), in the fruits were determined every 20 days during fruit development stage. The results showed that AsA contents increased significantly during 40–60 days after pollination. The GalLDH activity of the pollinated fruits was significantly higher than that of the control. The GalDH activity of the pollinated fruits was also higher than that of the control even though the enzyme had relatively low activity during fruit development process. The activity of MDHAR and DHAR in the pollinated fruits was relatively higher than the controls during the fruit development stage, while the activity of AAO and APX in the pollinated fruits was lower than the controls, but there were no significant differences in those enzymes activities between the pollinated fruits and the controls. Besides, the activity of AAO, APX, DHAR, and MDHAR maintained a relatively high level at the early fruit development stage, then declined and finally remained stable at a low level. The study suggests that the increase of the synthetase activity leads to the increase of AsA contents in the pollinated fruit.

Key words: apple, pollination, ascorbic acid, metabolism, enzyme activity

中图分类号:

S718.43

盖瑞, 郭小静, 张贞, 王荣, 毛志泉, 陈学森, 吴树敬, 沈向. 不同花粉对苹果果实中抗坏血酸相关酶活性的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(11): 36-43.

Ge Rui, Guo Xiaojing, Zhang Zhen, Wang Rong, Mao Zhiquan, Chen Xuesen, Wu Shujing, Shen Xiang. Effects of Different Pollens on Ascorbic Acid Related Enzyme Activities in Apple Fruits[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(11): 36-43.

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