四川省油橄榄引种品种果实含油率及其脂肪酸分析

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20100814

林业科学 ›› 2010, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (8): 91-100.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20100814

四川省油橄榄引种品种果实含油率及其脂肪酸分析

朱万泽¹，范建容¹，彭建国²，杨洪彬³，杨本年⁴，何明波⁵

1. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所成都 610041; 2. 四川省达州市林科所达州 635000;3.四川省凉山州林业局西昌 615000;4. 四川省西昌市林业局西昌 615000;5.四川省广元市油橄榄研究所广元 628000

收稿日期:2009-03-19 修回日期:2009-07-19 出版日期:2010-08-25 发布日期:2010-08-25

Analysis of the Oil Content and its Fatty Acid Composition of Fruits for Introduced Olive Cultivars in Sichuan Province

Zhu Wanze¹;Fan Jianrong¹;Peng Jianguo²;Yang Hongbin³;Yang Bennian⁴;He Mingbo⁵

1.Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041; 2.Forestry Institute of Dazhou City of Sichuan Province Dazhou 635000; 3.Forestry Bureau of Liangshan Prefecture of Sichuan Province Xichang 615000; 4.Forestry Bureau of Xichang City of Sichuan Province Xichang 615000; 5.Olive Institute of Guangyuan City of Sichuan Province Guangyuan 628000

Received:2009-03-19 Revised:2009-07-19 Online:2010-08-25 Published:2010-08-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分析测定四川省开江县、广元市、西昌市引种的共70个油橄榄品种果实含油率及其脂肪酸组成和含量，果实含油率及其脂肪酸组成与气象因子进行相关性分析。结果表明: 西昌油橄榄品种果实含油率为15.73%～23.75%，开江为12.44%～23.37%，广元为10.62%～21.97%，西昌油橄榄引种品种的平均果实含油率已接近地中海原产地，而开江和广元低于地中海; 橄榄油脂肪酸主要由棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和棕榈烯酸组成，占橄榄油总脂肪的99%以上，西昌油橄榄品种平均饱和脂肪酸含量（16.59%）略低于开江（17.27 %）和广元（17.09 %），而不饱和脂肪酸含量（83.06%）略高于开江（81.97%）和广元（82.87%）; 以油橄榄品种果实含油率、脂肪酸组分含量等指标，评价各种植区油橄榄品种品质，筛选出开江县红花山川东北油橄榄品种园优质品种23个，广元市油橄榄优质品种10个，西昌市油橄榄优质品种5个。莱星和佛奥2个品种测定结果表明: 果实含油率与年均温、1月平均气温、≥10 ℃年积温和年日照时数成正相关关系，与7月平均气温、年均相对湿度和年降雨量成负相关关系; 影响不饱和脂肪酸含量的主要气象因子是年均温和≥10 ℃年积温; 而饱和脂肪酸与1月平均气温、7月平均气温、年均相对湿度呈正效应，与年日照时数呈负效应。

关键词: 油橄榄, 品种, 果实含油率, 脂肪酸组成, 气象因子

Abstract:

The oil content and fatty acid composition of the fruits of 70 introduced olive cultivars in Kaijiang County, Guangyuan city and Xichang city of Sichuan Province were measured, and the correlation between the meteorological factors and the oil content and fatty acid composition were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the average fresh fruit oil content of all introduced olive cultivars in Xichang, Kaijiang and Guangyuan was 15.73%～23.75%, and 12.44%～23.37% and 10.62%～21.97%, respectively. The oil content in Xichang was similar with that in Mediterranean Sea, while the content in Kaijiang and Guangyuan was lower than that in Mediterranean Sea. The olive oil fatty acid was mainly composed of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic and palmitoleic acid accounting for 99% of total fat. There was slightly lower average content of saturated fatty acids in Xichang (16.59%) than in Kaijiang (17.27%) and Guangyuan (17.09%), but its unsaturated fatty acids (83.06%) were slightly higher than in Kaijiang (81.97%) and Guangyuan (82.87%). Based on the oil content of fruits and fatty acid composition, the 23 olive cultivars with higher oil quality in Kaijiang, and 10 in Guangyuan and 5 in Xichang were selected by using the Hierarchical Cluster Analysis. There was positive correlation between the oil content of olive fruit and annual average temperature, average temperature in January, accumulative temperature over 10 ℃ and annual sunlight time in the Leccino and Frantouo cultivar, but negative correlation between the oil content and average temperature in July, annual average relative humidity, and annual average precipitation. Annual average temperature and Accumulative temperature over 10 ℃ mainly affected the accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids. Average temperature in January, average temperature in July and annual average relative humidity had a positive effect on the content of saturated fatty acids, but annual sunlight time showed a negative effect.

Key words: Olea europea, cultivar, oil content of fruit, fatty acid composition, meteorological factors

朱万泽;范建容;彭建国;杨洪彬;杨本年;何明波. 四川省油橄榄引种品种果实含油率及其脂肪酸分析[J]. 林业科学, 2010, 46(8): 91-100.

Zhu Wanze;Fan Jianrong;Peng Jianguo;Yang Hongbin;Yang Bennian;He Mingbo. Analysis of the Oil Content and its Fatty Acid Composition of Fruits for Introduced Olive Cultivars in Sichuan Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2010, 46(8): 91-100.

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四川省油橄榄引种品种果实含油率及其脂肪酸分析

Analysis of the Oil Content and its Fatty Acid Composition of Fruits for Introduced Olive Cultivars in Sichuan Province

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