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林业科学 ›› 2008, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 29-35.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20080706

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

西洞庭湖区森林景观格局的环境响应

陈端吕1.2 李际平1   

  1. (1.中南林业科技大学 长沙410000;2.湖南文理学院地理与旅游系 常德415000)
  • 收稿日期:2007-11-12 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-07-25 发布日期:2008-07-25

Response of Environment to Forest Landscape Pattern in West Dongting Lake Region

Chen Duanlü1,2,Li Jiping1   

  1. (1.Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410000; 2.Department of Geography and Tourism, Hunan University of Arts and Science Changde 415000)
  • Received:2007-11-12 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-07-25 Published:2008-07-25

摘要:

森林景观格局决定着森林景观功能,不同的格局有不同的物质流过程,能控制水分、养分的流动过程,对生态环境产生影响。在对西洞庭湖区森林景观格局分析的基础上,利用层次分析法和多级灰关联识别模型进行环境质量综合指数的计算,并采用通径分析方法剖析景观格局的区域环境直接与间接响应。结果表明:1)在森林景观格局环境响应研究中,通径系数表达了环境对森林景观格局指数变化的直接和间接响应,为森林景观格局与环境的相互影响研究提供了一条有效途径。2)环境对森林景观格局产生一定的直接响应,但这种响应是森林景观结构改变功能的体现。在环境响应的森林景观格局的指数中,影响的大小顺序为:均匀度>变动系数>分离度>分维度>优势度。3)环境对森林景观格局存在着间接影响。环境产生间接响应作用最大的景观格局指数为变动系数,然后依次为分维度、分离度、优势度和均匀度,且各个指数产生的间接影响主要通过其他指标来体现。4)从通径分析中的剩余通径系数来看,森林景观格局对环境产生着直接和间接作用,同时还有其他因素的作用,由于没有进一步的生态过程分析,存在着影响机理的不明确性和存在着评价的相对性和局限性。

关键词: 森林景观格局, 环境响应, 环境质量, 通径分析, 西洞庭湖区

Abstract:

Forest landscape pattern influences the forest function, which can have an impact on the ecological environment by regulating moisture, nutrient flow and material flow. Direct and indirect effects of forest landscape pattern in West Dongting Lake Region on the environment were analyzed by using Analytic Hierarchy Process, multilevel gray relational model andpath analysis with the landscape pattern and the environmental quality indexes. The results showed that: 1) The path analysis provided an effective way to analyze direct and indirect response of the environment to forest landscape pattern; 2) The environment was directly influenced by forest landscape pattern, which demonstrated that the structure affected its function. The analysis showed that quality of the environment had the closest correlations to evenness, followed by variation coefficient, isolation, fractal dimension and dominance of the forest pattern; 3) The forest landscape patterns, such as the change coefficient, fractal dimension, isolation, dominance and evenness, have also an indirect influence upon the environment, and every factor has an impact on the environment by means of the others; 4) Besides the forest landscape pattern, the environment was influenced by other factors such as the climate and the soil. However the influence mechanism is not clear because of the absence of further analysis of the ecological processes. 

Key words: forest landscape pattern, environmental response, quality of the environment, path analysis, West Dongting Lake Region