温带阔叶树种不同生活史阶段的资源获取能力和防御能力关系的变化

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240427

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: In view of different broadleaved tree species in Northeast China, this study explored the correlation between plant resource acquisition traits and defense traits and their driving factors, to reveal the correlation between the resource acquisition ability and defense ability of woody plants, to analyze the dynamic adaptation mechanism of woody plants to the environment, and to provide a scientific basis for forest ecosystem management. Method: In this study, we measured 20 phytofunctional traits in leaves, new twigs, and old branchs of five broadleaf species with different shade tolerance in temperate forests, including Betula platyphylla, Fraxinus mandshurica, Ulmus laciniata, Tilia amurensis, and Acer pictum subsp. mono, at three different life-history stages (seedling, sapling, and mature tree), and these traits were divided into resource-acquisition traits and defense traits, to explore the interrelationships and influencing factors of the two types of traits in woody plants. Result: There was weak correlation between leaf resource acquisition capacity and aboveground defense capacity, and the correlation between resource acquisition capacity and defense capacity varied at different life stages. At the seedling stage, the two capacities had a collaborative relationship (angle<90°); at the sapling stage, the two capacities were decoupled (angle≈90°); and at the mature tree stage, the two capacities had a trade-off relationship (angle>90°). Combining the effects of environmental factors (soil nutrients, soil pH, soil water content) and plant characteristics (life history stages, shade tolerance) on plant resource acquisition traits and defense traits, it was found that environmental factors (PC1 56%, PC2 73%) had a stronger effect on the two types of traits than plant characteristics (PC1 44%, PC2 27%). Conclusion: The coordination strategies between resource acquisition and defense vary across different growth stages. While environmental factors serve as the primary driving forces, plant characteristics also play a crucial role.

Key words: resource acquisition capacity, defense capacity, drivers, environmental factors, life history

CLC Number:

S718.5

Kaibo Wang,Guangze Jin,Zhili Liu. Changes of Resource Acquisition and Defense Capabilities of Temperate Broadleaf Tree Species at Different Life History Stages[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(8): 219-230.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Functional traits and categories of leaves, new twigs and old branches of plants"

器官 Organ	功能性状 Functional traits	单位 Units	生态学意义 Ecological meaning	生态策略 Ecological strategy
叶片 Leaf	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content	—	与植物光合速率相关，可表征植物的光合能力、生长状况以及胁迫状况 Correlates with plant photosynthetic rate and characterizes plant photosynthetic capacity, growth, and stress conditions	资源获取 Resource acquisition
	比叶质量 Leaf mass per area	g·cm^?2	叶片结构特征的综合指标，可表征植物的资源获取能力及对环境的响应策略 A composite index of leaf structural characteristics that characterizes the resource acquisition capacity of plants and their response strategies to the environment	资源获取 Resource acquisition
	碳含量 Carbon content	g·kg^?1	构成生命体的基本元素，维持植物生长发育和代谢过程的关键元素，植物元素含量的变异及分配规律可表征植物对环境的响应与适应机制 The basic elements that constitute living organisms, the key elements that maintain plant growth， development and metabolic processes, and the variation and distribution patterns of plant elemental content can characterize the plant’s response and adaptation mechanisms to the environment	资源获取 Resource acquisition
	氮含量 Nitrogen content	g·kg^?1		资源获取 Resource acquisition
	磷含量 Phosphorus content	g·kg^?1		资源获取 Resource acquisition
	总酚含量 Total phenolic content	g·kg^?1	能够抵御外界生物（草食动物啃食）和非生物（低温）胁迫，在植物生长、发育和防御中发挥重要作用 Able to withstand external biotic (herbivore nibbling) and abiotic (low temperatures) stresses and plays an important role in plant growth, development and defense	防御 Defense
	单宁含量 Tannin content	g·kg^?1		防御 Defense
	类黄酮含量 Flavonoid content	g·kg^?1		防御 Defense
新枝 New twig	碳含量 Carbon content	g·kg^?1	构成生命体的基本元素，维持植物生长发育和代谢过程的关键元素，植物元素含量的变异及分配规律可表征植物对环境的响应与适应机制 The basic elements that constitute living organisms, the key elements that maintain plant growth, development and metabolic processes, and the variation and distribution patterns of plant elemental content can characterize the plant’s response and adaptation mechanisms to the environment	资源获取 Resource acquisition
	氮含量 Nitrogen content	g·kg^?1		资源获取 Resource acquisition
	磷含量 Phosphorus content	g·kg^?1		资源获取 Resource acquisition
	总酚含量 Total phenolic content	g·kg^?1	能够抵御外界生物（草食动物啃食）和非生物（低温）胁迫，在植物生长、发育和防御中发挥重要作用 Able to withstand external biotic (herbivore nibbling) and abiotic (low temperatures) stresses and plays an important role in plant growth, development and defense	防御 Defense
	单宁含量 Tannin content	g·kg^?1		防御 Defense
	类黄酮含量 Flavonoid content	g·kg^?1		防御 Defense
老枝 Old branch	碳含量 Carbon content	g·kg^?1	构成生命体的基本元素，维持植物生长发育和代谢过程的关键元素，植物元素含量的变异及分配规律可表征植物对环境的响应与适应机制 The basic elements that constitute living organisms, the key elements that maintain plant growth, development and metabolic processes, and the variation and distribution patterns of plant elemental content can characterize the plant’s response and adaptation mechanisms to the environment	资源获取 Resource acquisition
	氮含量 Nitrogen content	g·kg^?1		资源获取 Resource acquisition
	磷含量 Phosphorus content	g·kg^?1		资源获取 Resource acquisition
	总酚含量 Total phenolic content	g·kg^?1	能够抵御外界生物（草食动物啃食）和非生物（低温）胁迫，在植物生长、发育和防御中发挥重要作用 Able to withstand external biotic (herbivore nibbling) and abiotic (low temperatures) stresses and plays an important role in plant growth, development and defense	防御 Defense
	单宁含量 Tannin content	g·kg^?1		防御 Defense
	类黄酮含量 Flavonoid content	g·kg^?1		防御 Defense

Table 1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 1

The status of sample trees and the basic information of leaf， new twig and old branch characters in different life history stages"

物种 Species	生活史 Life history	器官 Organ	SW/ （g·g^?1）	SC/ （g·kg^?1）	SN/ （g·kg^?1）	SP / （g·kg^?1）	pH	H / m	DBH/ cm	SPAD	LMA / （g·cm^?2）	C / （g·kg^?1）	N / （g·kg^?1）	P / （g·kg^?1）	TP/ （g·kg^?1）	TA/ （g·kg^?1）	FLA/ （g·kg^?1）
白桦 B. platyphylla	幼苗 Seedling n=10	L	0.91±0.45	62.57±24.72	5.47±1.38	1.06±0.21	4.31±0.12	6.30±0.79	5.13±0.25	39.33±2.48	0.004±0.001	465.38±28.78	40.15±8.38	4.02±1.17	28.57±11.05	24.02±10.84	95.2±21.65
		NT								—	—	487.42±26.18	20.57±3.16	1.31±0.10	38.82±4.15	34.08±3.84	228.61±33.91
		OB								—	—	410.21±27.13	11.12±1.83	1.16±0.14	39.76±4.37	36.06±3.98	193.55±21.90
	幼树 Sapling n=10	L	1.23±0.44	138.41±39.00	9.28±2.11	1.24±0.26	4.33±0.32	17.42±1.07	18.83±1.37	38.90±2.61	0.003±0.001	474.11±34.61	28.43±2.07	1.90±0.43	34.92±12.66	31.01±12.30	101.93±19.27
		NT								—	—	484.72±18.64	18.61±5.92	1.11±0.10	43.69±5..26	38.56±4.81	223.20±30.81
		OB								—	—	417.94±13.69	12.04±2.13	1.10±0.15	36.44±7.54	33.08±7.56	190.15±37.02
	成年树 Mature tree n=10	L	1.32±0.68	129.43±64.24	9.49±3.65	1.15±0.23	4.29±0.36	18.89±1.40	40.99±2.18	39.02±3.73	0.004±0.001	457.29±15.20	26.38±2.04	1.76±0.26	33.92±7.58	29.56±7.59	112.49±21.57
		NT								—	—	493.88±14.06	17.43±2.55	1.20±0.20	48.20±8.91	43.72±8.83	254.45±51.42
		OB								—	—	417.92±10.00	12.14±1.48	1.24±0.21	36.72±8.47	32.36±7.58	208.65±47.61
水曲柳 F. mandshurica	幼苗 Seedling n=10	L	1.13±0.63	107.74±45.24	7.68±2.37	1.43±0.34	4.51±0.60	7.04±0.88	4.83±0.66	54.18±27.19	0.011±0.003	411.74±20.60	32.43±4.51	2.24±0.44	8.79±3.76	7.34±3.01	36.42±16.86
		NT								—	—	468.04±18.10	11.53±1.44	0.75±0.24	32.44±6.39	21.51±4.76	86.41±29.79
		OB								—	—	391.15±34.55	9.92±1.58	0.85±0.23	26.48±5.68	19.02±4.09	70.45±20.58
	幼树 Sapling n=10	L	1.07±0.37	99.11±47.56	6.73±1.55	1.46±0.25	4.42±0.37	16.82±2.06	17.83±1.12	46.17±20.10	0.012±0.002	415.91±40.76	29.17±3.48	2.25±0.36	29.17±3.48	8.67±4.00	43.62±20.41
		NT								—	—	479.61±41.73	11.75±1.92	0.92±0.12	44.15±5.21	29.25±3.68	152.79±29.89
		OB								—	—	401.62±17.26	9.35±1.23	0.70±0.15	33.44±5.34	24.06±3.98	87.94±18.47
	成年树 Mature tree n=10	L	1.04±0.37	91.12±31.88	7.33±1.93	1.39±0.30	4.69±0.54	21.72±1.24	42.05±1.42	38.84±2.45	0.012±0.002	419.17±9.54	29.31±3.09	2.34±0.23	14.54±8.21	11.17±6.05	58.15±36.27
		NT								—	—	468.52±7.47	12.57±1.18	0.90±0.12	46.09±5.42	30.68±3.52	171.98±37.24
		OB								—	—	401.57±11.20	10.68±1.31	0.86±0.12	35.20±5.99	24.82±4.59	103.38±15.06
裂叶榆 U. laciniata	幼苗 Seedling n=10	L	0.97±0.67	114.58±63.72	7.05±2.85	1.23±0.48	4.61±0.40	4.73±0.88	3.80±0.62	42.57±4.75	0.010±0.002	365.23±32.23	31.87±5.75	2.58±0.63	24.82±16.96	18.28±15.65	82.71±69.72
		NT								—	—	459.02±16.08	20.90±3.58	1.38±0.17	36.90±3.35	31.75±3.39	103.29±18.31
		OB								—	—	389.63±19.15	13.91±1.20	1.52±0.15	30.02±3.18	23.80±2.81	90.00±19.61
	幼树 Sapling n=10	L	1.04±0.22	153.90±34.36	10.02±1.32	1.50±0.28	5.33±0.39	12.20±1.94	18.31±1.14	44.10±3.03	0.013±0.002	380.06±27.91	31.66±7.87	2.54±0.81	28.71±10.67	21.71±9.89	88.88±35.48
		NT								—	—	448.07±21.71	22.94±2.89	1.55±0.16	39.42±3.74	33.98±2.95	125.44±39.78
		OB								—	—	376.80±10.16	15.39±2.71	1.65±0.23	32.42±5.37	25.54±4.27	98.53±26.28
	成年树 Mature tree n=10	L	1.40±0.73	193.06±54.22	10..21±3.09	1.52±0.30	5.39±0.48	16.66±1.87	41.30±0.90	45.19±2.23	0.014±0.003	385.21±18.68	30.99±3.87	2.32±0.38	29.29±7.64	21.83±6.92	94.72±34.84
		NT								—	—	446.03±9.05	21.81±1.71	1.52±0.07	33.21±8.00	27.67±7.87	121.83±26.41
		OB								—	—	386.92±8.27	14.84±1.25	1.53±0.09	31.45±4.83	25.49±4.43	90.28±30.12
紫椴 T. amurensis	幼苗 Seedling n=10	L	1.10±0.56	92.53±43.39	7.12±1.96	1.34±0.29	4.49±0.49	4.58±0.94	4.37±0.61	32.51±2.61	0.008±0.002	465.42±21.21	34.03±3.13	2.93±0.60	27.26±17.39	23.52±16.77	113.79±87.03
		NT								—	—	460.06±16.32	13.72±1.61	0.94±0.15	10.93±5.15	7.91±4.46	159.47±37.81
		OB								—	—	394.17±14.63	10.22±1.36	1.11±0.15	20.32±5.18	18.51±4.78	63.47±15.14
	幼树 Sapling n=10	L	0.83±0.17	87.77±26.62	6.88±1.43	1.25±0.22	4.34±0.51	12.60±2.41	17.70±1.48	40.77±3.42	0.011±0.003	460.19±30.84	33.83±5.95	2.51±0.31	25.93±11.59	23.02±10.88	107.63±43.09
		NT								—	—	482.02±22.37	15.15±1.30	1.11±0.15	20.82±7.08	16.00±7.20	223.24±53.28
		OB								—	—	395.44±19.37	11.35±1.43	1.22±0.13	21.99±6.10	20.21±6.01	74.27±22.69
	成年树 Mature tree n=10	L	1.09±0.26	142.34±55.45	9.30±2.09	1.24±0.29	5.56±0.38	18.92±2.60	43.04±2.80	41.70±4.71	0.011±0.002	448.10±14.76	33.41±3.42	2.62±0.23	29.58±8.08	26.11±7.11	102.48±35.54
		NT								—	—	465.33±13.17	14.09±1.75	1.06±0.17	22.07±8.56	20.01±8.83	214.13±49.36
		OB								—	—	397.20±7.93	11.07±1.44	1.24±0.08	25.00±7.94	23.11±7.65	92.00±31.89
五角槭 A. pictum subsp. mono	幼苗 Seedling n=5	L	0.70±0.13	102.59±27.80	6.24±1.09	1.13±0.17	5.18±0.43	4.62±1.15	4.04±0.72	39.75±2.50	0.007±0.001	444.38±26.59	36.01±3.04	2.22±0.52	39.62±12.83	33.41±11.96	108.61±46.61
		NT								—	—	479.64±20.50	12.25±3.90	0.81±0.26	49.30±7.13	42.30±7.41	168.66±30.97
		OB								—	—	410.31±16.40	8.93±1.79	0.81±0.27	39.23±8.46	34.16±7.66	169.88±39.02
	幼树 Sapling n=7	L	1.22±0.46	142.65±50.19	8.57±1.29	1.49±0.25	4.69±0.67	11.26±1.09	17.51±1.74	42.11±3.94	0.010±0.002	426.09±19.81	39.03±6.63	2.49±0.74	65.03±21.48	57.17±21.05	217.57±69.75
		NT								—	—	483.04±18.90	11.24±2.63	1.04±0.24	55.55±11.85	48.87±12.33	198.68±62.76
		OB								—	—	411.66±15.94	8.92±1.65	0.93±0.21	37.76±7.19	32.98±7.25	156.23±36.49
	成年树 Mature tree n=10	L	1.13±0.21	113.06±28.57	6.36±1.40	1.08±0.20	5.74±0.34	14.00±3.00	41.32±2.20	42.21±2.56	0.010±0.002	430.62±20.17	35.32±4.78	2.63±0.25	59.71±15.70	52.29±14.72	175.79±35.81
		NT								—	—	476.17±9.66	11.70±0.69	1.05±0.09	54.24±6.88	47.34±6.65	199.33±30.51
		OB								—	—	402.10±6.90	9.81±0.51	0.96±0.05	41.60±5.67	36.61±5.43	177.85±39.22

Table 1

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Changes of Resource Acquisition and Defense Capabilities of Temperate Broadleaf Tree Species at Different Life History Stages

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