4种典型林业剩余物基生物炭理化性质对不同热解温度的响应

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20250108

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to explore the influence mechanism of different raw material sources and pyrolysis temperatures on the physicochemical properties of forest residue biochar, providing a theoretical basis for the directional preparation of forest residue-based biochar. Method: In this study, branches of Populus spp. (poplar), Eucalyptus robusta (eucalyptus), Cunninghamia lanceolata (Chinese fir), and Pinus massoniana (masson pine) were selected as raw materials, and biochar was prepared at different pyrolysis temperatures of 300, 400, 500, and 600 ℃. The biochar was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and other methods to analyze its physicochemical properties such as pore structure and surface functional groups. Result: The results showed that the pyrolysis temperature significantly affected the physicochemical properties of the biochar derived from forest residues. As the pyrolysis temperature increased from 300 ℃ to 600 ℃, the yield of biochar from the branches of poplar, eucalyptus, Chinese fir, and masson pine all showed a decreasing trend. The biochar from Chinese fir branches had the highest specific surface area of 449.65 m²·g^–1 at 600 ℃, with the largest micropore volume and micropore-specific surface area. Biochar produced from Chinese fir and masson pine had higher specific surface areas and porosity, while biochar from poplar and eucalyptus had lower specific surface area and porosity. The thermal loss behavior of biochar from masson pine and Chinese fir was similar, showing that the biochar prepared at 300 ℃ had the poorest thermal stability, while that prepared at 600 ℃ had the best stability. In addition, the XRD spectra of biochar from Chinese fir and masson pine showed weak diffraction peaks of CaCO₃, indicating that their calcite content and crystallinity were relatively low. Conclusion: This study elucidates the response mechanisms of four typical biochars from different forest residues to different pyrolysis temperatures. It also reveals that both pyrolysis temperature and raw material type are key factors affecting the biochar yield and physicochemical properties. By effectively controlling the pyrolysis temperature and raw materials, biochar with different functions can be tailored to meet the specific needs of various fields, providing a new pathway for the resource utilization of forest residues.

Key words: biochar, pyrolysis temperature, physicochemical property, forest residues

CLC Number:

S789.3

Wanzhen Han,Lei Liu,Jie Cheng,Qiwu Sun,Yuhong Dong,Lingyu Hou,Runzhe Zhang. Response of Physicochemical Properties of Four Typical Forest Residue-based Biochars to Different Pyrolysis Temperatures[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(11): 138-149.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Analysis of yield, specific surface area, pore size and pore volume of four typical forest residue based biochars"

热解原料 Pyrolysis raw material	热解温度Pyrolysis temperature/℃	产率 Yield (%)	比表面积Specific surface area/(m²·g^?1)	总孔容 Total pore volume/ (cm³·g^?1)	平均孔径Average aperture/ nm	微孔比表面积Microporous specific surface area/(m²·g^?1)	微孔孔容Pore volume /(cm³·g^?1)
杨树枝条 Branches of Populus spp.	300	50.28	1.01	0.2326	9.43	1.02	—
	400	35.75	1.93	0.4442	5.75	1.90	0.001
	500	30.41	52.87	12.1470	2.43	53.15	0.020
	600	21.87	348.35	80.0340	1.80	341.32	0.139
桉树枝条 Branches of Eucalyptus robusta	300	67.21	0.90	0.2072	13.73	0.88	—
	400	34.86	2.73	0.6274	5.02	2.73	0.001
	500	28.42	150.42	34.5590	2.10	151.67	0.062
	600	27.53	271.85	62.4590	1.90	273.24	0.112
杉木枝条 Branches of Cunninghamia lanceolata	300	59.48	0.90	0.2061	11.61	0.90	0.001
	400	37.30	0.90	0.2059	3.67	0.86	0.001
	500	30.04	377.23	86.6700	1.88	379.61	0.156
	600	28.12	449.65	103.3100	1.76	444.85	0.181
马尾松枝条 Branches of Pinus massoniana	300	70.51	0.10	0.2290	10.38	0.97	—
	400	32.74	19.18	4.4063	2.20	19.35	0.008
	500	28.75	241.33	55.4460	1.86	241.00	0.098
	600	26.79	440.47	101.2000	1.73	446.33	0.175
红花籽渣 Seeds of Carthamus tinctorius （Ang?n et al.，2013）	600	73.24	249.30	0.1510	2.42	61.60	0.077
	700	50.01	491.90	0.2490	2.02	68.00	0.169
	800	35.24	772.00	0.3580	1.85	70.70	0.278
	900	29.06	801.50	0.3930	1.96	94.70	0.284
小麦秸秆 Straws of Triticum aestivum （Khan et al.，2022）	300	53.50	16.10	0.0400	1.85	0.96	—
	400	26.11	300.43	0.1800	2.31	249.58	0.106
	500	16.00	—	0.0200	2.77	—	—
	600	15.05	513.51	0.3200	2.47	381.44	0.162
玉米秸秆 Straws of Zea mays （叶协锋等，2017）	200	63.00	2.21	0.0130	4.13	—	—
	300	35.01	13.78	0.0300	2.60	—	—
	400	26.90	107.01	0.1020	2.12	60.82	0.020
	700	15.00	92.17	0.0537	2.33	57.05	0.025
花生壳 Shells of Arachis hypogaea （付仲毅等，2018）	300	31.09	1.28	0.5880	1.85	0.69	—
	400	25.00	3.32	0.0100	1.54	0.867	—
	500	15.18	13.88	4.7040	1.85	6.04	0.003
	600	8.50	90.79	1.6140	1.61	37.66	0.027
水稻秸秆 Straws of Oryza sativa （Shin et al.，2021）	300	35.00	4.21	0.0070	4.15	0.96	—
	400	24.00	9.14	0.0260	13.99	2.21	0.001
	500	15.01	13.13	0.0180	13.38	1.29	0.001
	600	15.00	12.28	0.0160	14.00	1.18	0.001
水稻壳 Shells of Oryza sativa （林贵英，2017）	350	31.20	11.52	0.0358	3.33	—	—
	450	29.60	89.39	0.0474	2.45	—	—
	550	26.70	207.24	0.1016	2.63	96.34	0.042
	650	24.60	250.96	0.1269	2.67	122.27	0.054
毛竹枝条 Branches of Phyllostachys edulis （董庆，2015）	400	32.10	50.66	0.0235	2.82	—	—
	500	28.20	164.50	0.0772	2.54	76.40	0.034
	600	25.40	273.20	0.1286	2.47	133.44	0.059
	700	22.40	334.63	0.1716	2.63	164.88	0.074
棉秆 Straws of Gossypium hirsutum （Yuan et al.，2022）	400	28.70	125.60	0.0560	1.90	56.30	0.024
	500	24.10	210.30	0.0910	1.70	112.60	0.048
	600	20.20	272.60	0.1310	1.60	145.80	0.065
	700	17.10	305.20	0.1620	1.60	163.20	0.076
柳树枝条 Branches of Gossypium hirsutum （Cheng et al.，2024）	400	32.80	221.50	0.1010	2.60	112.30	0.049
	500	27.90	320.10	0.1520	2.30	172.80	0.074
	600	23.50	380.40	0.1960	2.10	205.40	0.089
	700	20.20	410.30	0.2280	2.00	224.30	0.099
榛子枝条 Branches of Corylus heterophylla （刘若纳等，2019）	500	32.10	85.70	0.0420	2.30	—	—
	600	28.70	156.80	0.0780	2.60	46.90	0.018
	700	25.30	234.50	0.1120	2.90	98.40	0.041
	800	22.10	276.30	0.1310	3.20	120.70	0.051
松木枝条 Branches of Pinus （李燕等，2020）	400	48.21	126.27	0.0650	2.76	14.19	0.058
	500	40.34	352.87	0.1790	2.79	209.53	0.106
	600	35.25	589.29	0.2970	—	—	—
	700	31.24	742.58	0.3620	2.56	361.43	0.167

Table 1

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Response of Physicochemical Properties of Four Typical Forest Residue-based Biochars to Different Pyrolysis Temperatures

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