北京5种典型风景游憩林的大气颗粒物吸滞特征

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240214

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the retention of atmospheric particles by different tree species at both the leaf and canopy scales by the analysis of the variation in the retention of atmospheric particles by individual leaves and forest canopies of different tree species under the same pollution background, therefore to provide a theoretical basis for creating urban forests that can efficiently retain atmospheric particles. Method: A survey was carried out on representative scenic recreational forests in plain areas around Beijing’s Fifth Ring Road, five typical scenic recreational forests in the Olympic Park (Pinus armandii-Ginkgo biloba mixed forests, Populus tomentosa-Fraxinus chinensis mixed forests, Salix matsudana pure forest, Populus tomentosa pure forest, and multi-species and multi-layer conifer-broadleaf mixed forest) were selected for the study. The elution-weighing-particle size-analysis method was used to measure the amount of atmospheric particles retained per unit leaf area of each tree species. The leaf area index was used to calculate the amount of particles retained by different tree species per hectare for different particle size categories. Based on the canopy area ratio of individual species to the entire forest, the retention amount of different particle size categories per unit area of pure forest or mixed forest was calculated. Result: There are significant differences in the particle size distribution of atmospheric particles retained by the leaves of different tree species among different forest types. The retention amount of particles per unit leaf area varies among tree species with particle size categories and forest types. At the leaf scale, the comprehensive ranking of the ability to retain atmospheric particles with different particle size categories is: Ginkgo biloba > Juniperus chinensis > Acer truncatum > Koelreuteria paniculata > Pinus armandi > Platycladus orientalis > Fraxinus chinensis > Salix matsudana > Populus tomentosa. The ability of different forest canopies to retain atmospheric particles differs significantly, up to a 20-fold difference. The ranking of the amount of atmospheric particles retained per unit area of different forest types does not change with particle size categories. For all particle size categories, the retention amount is the highest in the Pinus armandi-Ginkgo biloba mixed forest, followed by multi-tree conifer-broadleaf mixed forest, Salix matsudana pure forest, Populus tomentosa-Fraxinus chinensis mixed forest, and Populus tomentosa pure forest. Conclusion: Among the nine tree species studied, Ginkgo biloba, Juniperus chinensis, and Acer truncatum are high dust-retention species; Koelreuteria paniculata, Pinus armandii, and Platycladus orientalis are medium dust-retention species; Fraxinus chinensis, Salix matsudana, and Populus tomentosa are low dust-retention species. Additionally, the study identifies forest structure characteristics that can efficiently retain atmospheric particulate matter: multiple high dust-retention species + multilayered canopy + staggered tree density. To maximize the dust retention effectiveness of urban forests, attention should be paid to both the selection of high dust-retention tree species and the reasonable design of forest structure.

Key words: atmospheric particulate matter, dust retention, PM_2.5, air pollution, forest stand

CLC Number:

S731.2

Zhidan Zhang,Zhiguo Cao,Guangxuan Yan,Di Yao,Qingqing Huang,Jie Duan,Yafei Wang,Kai Wang,Ni Zheng. Characterization of Retention of Atmospheric Particles by Five Typical Scenic Recreational Forests in Beijing[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(9): 1-11.

Figures/Tables 7

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林分编号 Stand ID	林分类型 Stand type	树种组成 Tree species composition	平均树高 Average tree height/m	平均胸径 Average DBH/cm	郁闭度 Canopy density
Ⅰ	针阔混交林 Coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest	5华山松5银杏 5P. armandii 5G. biloba	6.2/11.8	14.8/18.2	0.6
II	阔叶混交林 broad-leaved mixed forest	5毛白杨5白蜡 5P . tomentosa 5F . chinensis	19.4/14.3	22.8/21.1	0.8
Ⅲ	阔叶纯林 Pure broad-leaved forest	10旱柳 10S . matsudana	10.3	16	0.7
Ⅳ	阔叶纯林 Pure broad-leaved forest	10毛白杨 10P . tomentosa	19.6	27.3	0.8
V	多树种复层针阔混交林 Multi-tree layered conifer-broadleaf mixed forest	4毛白杨3圆柏1侧柏 1白蜡1元宝枫+旱柳+栾树 4P . tomentosa 3S . chinensis 1P . orientalis 1F . chinensis 1A . truncatum+S . matsudana+ K . paniculata	22.1/8.6/ 8.1/15.6/ 9.3/13.0/9.6	28.3/15.2/ 13.4/19.4/ 13.5/19.3/13.3	0.9

林分 Stand	树种 Species	粒径范围 Particle rage/μm	粒径峰值 Peak particle size/μm	粒径均值 Average particle size/μm
Ⅰ	华山松P. armandii	0.38~133.75	22.73	19.6
Ⅰ	银杏G. biloba	0.38~83.90	20.71	15.4
Ⅱ	毛白杨P. tomentosa	0.38~101.10	22.73	17.8
Ⅱ	白蜡F. chinensis	0.38~110.99	18.86	17.1
Ⅲ	旱柳S. matsudana	0.38~194.23	24.95	31.4
Ⅳ	毛白杨P. tomentosa	0.38~101.10	11.83	16.2
Ⅴ	毛白杨P. tomentosa	0.38~133.75	10.78	19.1
	旱柳S. matsudana	0.38~256.95	22.73	35.7
	白蜡F. chinensis	0.38~213.22	22.73	27.9
	圆柏S. chinensis	0.38~146.82	11.83	17.2
	侧柏P. orientalis	0.38~234.07	30.07	36.2
	栾树K. paniculata	0.38~213.22	24.95	32.7
	元宝枫A. truncatum	0.38~256.95	36.24	38.3

排序Rank	PM_2.5	PM₁₀	TSP
1	华山松P. armandii	银杏G. biloba	元宝枫A. truncatum
2	银杏G. biloba	圆柏S. chinensis	银杏G. biloba
3	圆柏S. chinensis	元宝枫A. truncatum	栾树K. paniculata
4	元宝枫A. truncatum	栾树K. paniculata	圆柏S. chinensis
5	栾树K. paniculata	华山松P. armandii	华山松P. armandii
6	白蜡F. chinensis	侧柏P. orientalis	侧柏P. orientalis
7	毛白杨P. tomentosa	白蜡F. chinensis	旱柳S. matsudana
8	侧柏P. orientalis	旱柳S. matsudana	白蜡F. chinensis
9	旱柳S. matsudana	毛白杨P. tomentosa	毛白杨P. tomentosa

林分Stand	PM_2.5/ (kg·hm^?2d^?1)	PM₁₀/ (kg·hm^?2d^?1)	TSP/ (kg·hm^?2d^?1)
Ⅰ	0.35	1.14	2.36
II	0.09	0.35	0.81
Ⅲ	0.05	0.19	0.62
Ⅳ	0.04	0.13	0.29
V	0.02	0.06	0.11

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Characterization of Retention of Atmospheric Particles by Five Typical Scenic Recreational Forests in Beijing

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