4种柳树叶片表面易去除与难去除颗粒物滞纳特征

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200603

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The differences of mass and particle size distribution of the easy-or difficult-removable particulate matter (PM) retained by the leaves among 4 willow species were compared to assess the characteristics of particle retention in willows, further to lay a scientific foundation to improve the quantitative assessment accuracy of atmospheric PM and rational use of willow trees in urban greening. Method: Three years old clones of Salix matsudana, S. matsudana f. tortuosa, S. babylonica, and S. viminalis grown in the nursery were investigated, leaf samples were collected 7 days after rain (rainfall=36 mm). Subsequently the easy removal particle matter (ERP) retained on the leaves were obtained by washing, then the washed leaves were furhter brushed and ultrasonic cleaned to acquire the difficult removable particle matter (DRP). Accordingly, the dry mass of these two types of PM was measured, and the corresponding particle size distribution was determined. Based on these data, the mass and retaining efficiency of the diameter-specific particles in ERP, DRP, and total removable particulate matter (TRP) were calculaed. Result: The differences in elution mass of TRP and ERP among willow species were significant, and the proportion of ERP to TRP ranged from 30% to 50%. Among species, S. matsudana f. tortuosa had the highest retention mass of ERP, while S. viminalis could retain the highest mass of TRP and DRP. On the aspects of the proportions of the diameter-specific particles in both ERP and DRP, S. matsudana displayed the highest proportion of PM₁₀, and S. viminalis displayed the highest PM_10-100. The average diameter of ERP changed as S. viminalis (34.98 μm) > S. matsudana f. tortuosa (33.89 μm) > S. babylonica (31.52 μm) > S. matsudana (27.81 μm), while the situation for DRP was S. matsudana f. tortuosa (40.18 μm) > S. viminalis (35.34 μm) > S. babylonica (29.27 μm) > S. matsudana (28.25 μm). For the absolute retention mass of the diameter-specific particles, S. matsudana f. tortuosa exhibited the largest values for each diameter gradient in ERP, and S. viminalis displayed the largest value for particles larger than 10 μm in DRP, while the largest values for the particles less than 10 μm in DRP were found in S. matsudana. S. viminalis exhibited the highest retaining efficiency (RE) for the TRP and DRP larger than 10 μm, and S. matsudana exhibited the highest RE for the TRP and DRP less than 10 μm. Comparing with the above two species, S.matsudana f. tortuosa had the highest RE of ERP. Conclusion: DRP retained by leaves of four willow species was accounted for 50% of TRP. The retention capacity of S. matsudana f. tortuosa updated rapidly, while S. matsudana and S. babylonica were able to fix the absorbed small-sized PM (d ≤ 10 μm) more persistently, on the contrary, S. viminalis had the strongest capacity of retaining the large-sized PM (d> 10 μm).

Key words: atmospheric particulate matter, diameter distribution of the particles, retention capability, willow

CLC Number:

S731.2

Shaowei Zhang,Chen Yue,Zhenfeng Zhan,Jie Duan,Zhiguo Cao,Junxiang Liu,Lin Gu. Characteristics of Easy and Difficult Removable Particulate Matter Retained by the Leaves of 4 Willow Species[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(6): 26-34.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 2

Fig.3

Table 3

References 0

	阿丽亚·拜都热拉, 玉米提·哈力克, 塔依尔江·艾山, 等. 干旱区绿洲城市主要绿化树种最大滞尘量对比. 林业科学, 2015. 51 (3): 57- 64.
	Aliya B , Umut H , Tayierjiang A , et al. Maximum dust retention of main greening trees in arid land oasis cities, northwest China. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015. 51 (3): 57- 64.
	陈波. 北京西山不同树种夏秋季PM_2.5吸附量与润湿性关系. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版, 2018. 42 (2): 113- 119.
	Chen B . Relationship between PM_2.5 adsorption and wettability of different trees during summer, autumn in West Mountain of Beijing. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition, 2018. 42 (2): 113- 119.
	范舒欣, 晏海, 齐石茗月, 等. 北京市26种落叶阔叶绿化树种的滞尘能力. 植物生态学报, 2015. 39 (7): 736- 745.
	Fan S X , Yan H , Qi S M Y , et al. Dust capturing capacities of twenty-six deciduous broad-leaved trees in Beijing. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015. 39 (7): 736- 745.
	贾文茹, 李生宇, 高晓阳, 等. 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地不同种类植物叶面滞尘粒度特征. 中国沙漠, 2014. 34 (3): 658- 665.
	Jia W R , Li S Y , Gao X Y , et al. The foliar dust grain size characteristics of different plant species in the central Taklimakan Desert. Journal of Desert Research, 2014. 34 (3): 658- 665.
	梁丹, 王彬, 王云琦, 等. 北京市典型绿化灌木阻滞吸附PM_2.5能力的研究. 环境科学, 2014. 35 (9): 3606- 3611.
	Liang D , Wang B , Wang Y Q , et al. Ability of typical greenery shrubs of Beijing to adsorb and arrest PM_2.5. Environmental Science, 2014. 35 (9): 3606- 3611.
	刘欢欢, 曹治国, 贾黎明, 等. 基于超声清洗树木叶片吸滞大气颗粒物定量评估——以银杏为例. 林业科学, 2016. 52 (12): 133- 140. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20161216
	Liu H H , Cao Z G , Jia L M , et al. Analysis of the role of ultrasonic cleaning in quantitative evaluation of the retention of tree leaves to atmospheric particles:a case study with Ginkgo biloba. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016. 52 (12): 133- 140. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20161216
	刘金强, 曹治国, 刘欢欢, 等. 基于超声清洗的树木叶面颗粒物粒径分布与吸滞效率研究——以银杏和油松为例. 植物生态学报, 2016. 40 (8): 798- 809.
	Liu J Q , Cao Z G , Liu H H , et al. Ultrasonic based investigation on particle size distribution and retention efficiency of particulate matters retained on tree leaves:Taking Ginkgo biloba and Pinus tabuliformis as examples. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2016. 40 (8): 798- 809.
	刘金强, 曹治国, 郭泽敏, 等. 植物叶片表面水溶与非水溶性颗粒物滞纳量分离定量评估——以5种树种为例. 应用生态学报, 2019. 30 (5): 344- 352.
	Liu J Q , Cao Z G , Guo Z M , et al. Quantitative evaluation for separation of water-soluble and water-insolube particulate matter on leaf surface of tree species:taking five tree species as examples. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019. 30 (5): 344- 352.
	刘玲, 方炎明, 王顺昌, 等. 7种树木的叶片微形态与空气悬浮颗粒吸附及重金属累积特征. 环境科学, 2013. 34 (6): 2361- 2367.
	Liu L , Fang Y M , Wang S C , et al. Leaf micro-morphology and features in adsorbing air suspended particulate matter and accumulating heavy metals in seven tree species. Environmental Science, 2013. 34 (6): 2361- 2367.
	刘同彦, 纪媛, 蒋春晓, 等. 基于洗脱称量粒度分析的北京常见树种树叶滞纳大气颗粒物特性. 林业科学, 2016. 52 (12): 74- 83. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20161209
	Liu T Y , Ji Y , Jiang C X , et al. Characterization of the retention of atmospheric particulates by leaves of common tree species in Beijing based on elution-weighing-particle size-analysis. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016. 52 (12): 74- 83. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20161209
	吕铃钥, 李洪远, 杨佳楠. 植物吸附大气颗粒物的时空变化规律及其影响因素的研究进展. 生态学杂志, 2016. 35 (2): 524- 533.
	Lü L Y , Li H Y , Yang J N . The temporal-spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of absorbing air particulate matters by plants:a review. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2016. 35 (2): 524- 533.
	涂忠虞. 柳树育种与栽培. 南京: 江苏科学技术出版社. 1982.
	Tu Z Y . Willows breeding and cultivation. Nanjing: Phoenix Science Press. 1982.
	王博, 陈红, 夏敦胜, 等. 兰州市叶面尘磁性与黑碳特征对大气污染的响应. 中国环境科学, 2019. 39 (8): 3178- 3185. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2019.08.006
	Wang B , Chen H , Xia D S , et al. On the magnetic characteristic of leaf-deposited particles and element carbon and its response to air pollution. China Environmental Science, 2019. 39 (8): 3178- 3185. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2019.08.006
	王会霞, 王彦辉, 杨佳, 等. 不同绿化树种滞留PM_2.5等颗粒污染物能力的多尺度比较. .林业科学, 2015. 51 (7): 9- 20.
	Wang H X , Wang Y H , Yang J , et al. Multi-scale comparisons of particulate matter and its size fractions deposited on leaf surfaces of major greening tree species. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015. 51 (7): 9- 20.
	王蕾, 高尚玉, 刘连友, 等. 北京市11种园林植物滞留大气颗粒物能力研究. 应用生态学报, 2006. 17 (4): 597- 601. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-9332.2006.04.008
	Wang L , Gao S Y , Liu L Y , et al. Atmospheric particle-retaining capability of eleven garden plant species in Beijing. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2006. 17 (4): 597- 601. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-9332.2006.04.008
	张少伟, 翟飞飞, 费英杰, 等. 8个柳树无性系的观赏价值与适应性研究. 西南林业大学学报, 2017. 37 (4): 41- 46.
	Zhang S W , Zhai F F , Fei Y J , et al. Ornamental value and adaptability of 8 willow clones. Journal of Southwest Forestry University, 2017. 37 (4): 41- 46.
	张维康, 王兵, 牛香. 北京不同污染地区园林植物对空气颗粒物的滞纳能力. 环境科学, 2015. 36 (7): 2382- 2388.
	Zhang W K , Wang B , Niu X . Adsorption capacity of the air particulate matter in urban landscape plants in different polluted regions of Beijing. Environmental Science., 2015. 36 (7): 2382- 2388.
	张维康, 王兵, 牛香. 北京市常见树种叶片吸滞颗粒物能力时间动态研究. 环境科学学报, 2016. 36 (10): 3840- 3847.
	Zhang W K , Wang B , Niu X . Dynamic research on particulates-absorbing capacities of common tree species leaves in Beijing over time. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2016. 36 (10): 3840- 3847.
	张晓丽, 翟飞飞, 李伟, 等. 27个柳树无性系对镉的吸收分配特性. 林业科学, 2017. 53 (4): 9- 17.
	Zhang X L , Zhai F F , Li W , et al. Characteristics of cadmium absorption and distribution in 27 willow clones. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017. 53 (4): 9- 17.
	张志丹, 席本野, 曹治国, 等. 植物叶片吸滞PM2.5等大气颗粒物定量研究方法初探——以毛白杨为例. 应用生态学报, 2014. 25 (8): 2238- 2242.
	Zhang Z D , Xi B Y , Cao Z G , et al. Exploration of a quantitative methodology to characterize the retention of PM2.5 and other atmospheric particulate matter by plant leaves:taking Populus tomentosa as an example. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014. 25 (8): 2238- 2242.
	Cao Z G , Yu G , Chen Y S , et al. Mechanisms influencing the BFR distribution patterns in office dust and implications for estimating human exposure. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013. 252-253, 11- 18. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.02.043
	Chen L X , Liu C M , Zou R , et al. Experimental examination of effectiveness of vegetation as bio-filter of particulate matter in the urban environment. Environmental Pollution, 2016. 208, 198- 208. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.09.006
	Chen L X , Liu C M , Zhang L , et al. Variation in tree species ability to capture and retain airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Scientific Reports, 2017. 7 (1): 3206. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-03360-1
	Hofman J , Stokkaer I , Snauwaert L , et al. Spatial distribution assessment of particulate matter in an urban street canyon using biomagnetic leaf monitoring of tree crown deposited particles. Environmental Pollution, 2013. 183, 123- 132. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.09.015
	Kardel F , Wuyts K , Maher B A , et al. Leaf saturation isothermal remanet magnetization (SIRM) as a proxy for particulate matter monitoring:inter-species differences and in-season variation. Atmospheric Environment, 2011. 45 (29): 5164- 5171. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.06.025
	Kuzovkina Y A , Knee M , Quigley M F . Cadmium and copper uptake and translocation in five willow (Salix L.) species. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2004. 6 (3): 269- 287. doi: 10.1080/16226510490496726
	Liu J Q , Cao Z G , Zou S Y , et al. An investigation of the leaf retention capacity, efficiency and mechanism for atmospheric particulate matter of five greening tree species in Beijing, China. Science of the Total Environment, 2018. 616/617, 417- 426. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.314
	Przybysz A , Sæbø A , Hanslin H M , et al. Accumulation of particulate matter and trace elements on vegetation as affected by pollution level, rainfall and the passage of time. Science of the Total Environment, 2014. 481 (48): 360- 369.
	Räsänen J V , Holopainen T , Joutsensaari J , et al. Effects of species-specific leaf characteristics and reduced water availability on fine particle capture efficiency of trees. Environmental Pollution, 2013. 183, 64- 70. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.05.015
	Shao F , Wang L H , Sun F B , et al. Study on different particulate matter retention capacities of the leaf surfaces of eight common garden plants in Hangzhou, China. Science of the Total Environment, 2019. 652, 939- 951. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.182
	Song Y S , Maher B A , Li F , et al. Particulate matter deposited on leaf of five evergreen species in Beijing, China:source identification and size distribution. Atmospheric Environment, 2015. 105 (1): 53- 60.
	Vassilev A , Perez-Sanz A , Cuypers A , et al. Tolerance of two hydroponically grown Salix genotypes to excess zinc. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2007. 30 (9): 1471- 1482. doi: 10.1080/01904160701555671
	Wang H X , Shi H , Li Y Y , et al. Seasonal variations in leaf capturing of particulate matter, surface wettability and micromorphology in urban tree species. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2013. 7 (4): 579- 588.
	Weerakkody U , Dover J W , Mitchell P , et al. Evaluating the impact of individual leaf traits on atmospheric particulate matter accumulation using natural and synthetic leaves. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2018. 30, 98- 107.
	Xu Y S , Xu W , Mo L , et al. Quantifying particulate matter accumulated on leaves by 17 species of urban trees in Beijing, China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 2018. 25 (13): 545- 556.
	Yang J , Mcbride J , Zhou J , et al. The urban forest in Beijing and its role in air pollution reduction. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2005. 3 (2): 65- 78.

柳树种 Willow species	生活型 Life form	树高 Tree height/m	胸径(地径) DBH (ground diameter)/cm	冠幅直径 Crown diameter/m	叶片特征 Leaf characteristics
旱柳 S. matsudana	乔木 Arbor	3.2	5.1	2.7	叶披针形、无毛、下面白色Lanceolate leaves, without tomentum, white on the below side
龙爪柳 S. matsudana f. tortuosa	乔木 Arbor	2.6	4.7	2.4	叶披针形、微反卷、无毛、下面白色Lanceolate and micro-rollback leaves, without tomentum, white on the below side
垂柳 S. babylonica	乔木 Arbor	3.0	4.9	2.6	叶窄披针形、无毛Narrowly lanceolate leaves, without tomentum
蒿柳 S. viminalis	灌木 Shrub	2.3	(7.8)	2.0	叶线状披针形、内卷、下面密丝状长毛Linear lanceolate and involute leaves only with dense tomentum on the below side

颗粒物类型 PM type	颗粒物粒径 Diameter class of PM	滞尘效率 Retention efficiency/(mg· m^-2d^-1)
颗粒物类型 PM type	颗粒物粒径 Diameter class of PM	旱柳 S. matsudana	龙爪柳 S. matsudana f. tortuosa	垂柳 S. babylonica	蒿柳 S. viminalis
TRP	PM₁	10.23	7.20	6.62	3.73
	PM_1-2.5	16.77	12.35	11.17	5.56
	PM_2.5-10	60.94	45.38	42.42	33.34
	PM_10-100	447.37	616.24	453.59	662.11
	TSP	535.31	681.17	513.8	704.74
ERP	PM₁	2.76	4.74	1.19	1.45
	PM_1-2.5	5.01	7.94	2.17	2.30
	PM_2.5-10	20.51	29.70	10.10	13.35
	PM_10-100	182.81	300.07	158.30	246.10
	TSP	211.10	342.45	171.77	263.20
DRP	PM₁	7.47	2.46	5.43	2.28
	PM_1-2.5	11.77	4.41	9.00	3.26
	PM_2.5-10	40.43	15.67	32.32	19.99
	PM_10-100	264.55	316.17	295.28	416.01
	TSP	324.21	338.72	342.03	441.53

[1]	Zhang Xiaoli, Zhai Feifei, Li Wei, Liu Junxiang, Qian Yongqiang, Han Lei, Sun Zhenyuan. Characteristics of Cadmium Absorption and Distribution in 27 Willow Clones [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017, 53(4): 9-17.
[2]	Liu Tongyan, Ji Yuan, Jiang Chunxiao, Shao Peng, Li Haiying, Jia Liming. Characterization of the Retention of Atmospheric Particulates by Leaves of Common Tree Species in Beijing Based on Elution-Weighing-Particle Size-Analysis [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(12): 74-83.
[3]	Liu Huanhuan, Cao Zhiguo, Jia Liming, Li Xiuzhong, Hao Lifeng, Liu Jinqiang, Wang Hua, Xi Benye. Analysis of the Role of Ultrasonic Cleaning in Quantitative Evaluation of the Retention of Tree Leaves to Atmospheric Particles: A Case Study with Ginkgo biloba [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(12): 133-140.

Characteristics of Easy and Difficult Removable Particulate Matter Retained by the Leaves of 4 Willow Species

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 6

References 0

Related Articles 3

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

树种 Tree species	平均粒径 Average diameter/μm
树种 Tree species	ERP	DRP
蒿柳S. viminalis	34.98	35.45
龙爪柳 S. matsudana f. tortuosa	33.89	40.18
垂柳S. babylonica	31.52	29.27
旱柳S. matsudana	27.81	28.25