基于表型性状的毛竹核心种质构建

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240680

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to establish a reliable core germplasm population of Phyllostachys edulis (Moso bamboo), promoting its effective utilization and facilitating molecular genetics research. Method: In this study, a total of 432 P. edulis germplasm accessions were targeted, and a stepwise systematic clustering analysis was conducted based on 15 phenotypic traits with an overall sampling rate of 10%. The sampling scheme for core germplasm was optimized from multiple dimensions, by incorporating two genetic distance calculation methods, three sampling techniques, and seven clustering algorithms. After determining the optimal sampling scheme, eight sampling proportions were set to screen the best overall proportion, and the effectiveness of group-based sampling was compared with direct sampling without grouping. Finally, the representativeness of the core germplasm was comprehensively evaluated through a multi-indicator assessment system. Result: The study found that a combination of 10% sampling ratio, priority sampling method, Euclidean distance method, and minimum distance method was the optimal strategy for constructing the core germplasm of P. edulis. The core germplasm constructed by ungrouped sampling (NGcore) exhibited a higher variance difference percentage (VD) than that constructed with grouped sampling (LCore and PCore), indicating better performance. T-tests, coincidence rate tests, and principal component analysis of the phenotypic traits demonstrated that the selected 43 core accessions effectively avoided genetic redundancy and adequately represented the original germplasm. Conclusion: This study has successfully constructed a core germplasm that represents the phenotypic diversity of the original P. edulis germplasm, laying a foundation for the collection, conservation, and effective utilization of germplasm resources.

Key words: Phyllostachys edulis, phenotypic traits, core germplasm, sampling strategies, evaluation parameters

CLC Number:

S718.46

Rui Gu,Shaohui Fan,Songpo Wei,Guanglu Liu. Construction of a Core Germplasm of Moso Bamboo Based on Phenotypic Traits[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(9): 101-112.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1

Table 2

Evaluation parameters of core collection subset"

遗传距离 Genetic distance	取样方法 Sampling methods	聚类方法 Clustering methods	均值差异百分率 Mean difference percentage（%）	方差差异百分率 Variance difference percentage（%）	极差符合率 Concordance rate of range（%）	变异系数 Coefficient of variation（%）
欧氏距离 Euclidean distance	随机取样法 Random sampling	最短距离法 Single linkage	6.67	86.67	90.59	134.27
		最长距离法 Complete linkage	0.00	6.67	86.39	118.01
		非加权类平均法 Unweighted average linkage method	0.00	53.33	85.69	121.95
		离差平方和法 Ward’s method	0.00	26.67	83.05	116.30
		中间距离法 Median method	0.00	6.67	83.38	112.44
		可变类平均法 Flexible beta method	0.00	20.00	86.27	119.23
		可变法 Ward’s flexible method	0.00	26.67	87.35	119.25
	优先取样法 Preferred sampling	最短距离法 Single linkage	0.00	100.00	100.00	154.03
		最长距离法 Complete linkage	0.00	93.33	100.00	147.03
		非加权类平均法Unweighted average linkage method	0.00	100.00	100.00	150.00
		离差平方和法 Ward’s method	0.00	100.00	100.00	143.74
		中间距离法 Median method	0.00	100.00	100.00	144.74
		可变类平均法 Flexible beta method	0.00	100.00	100.00	144.88
		可变法 Ward’s flexible method	0.00	100.00	100.00	146.17
	偏离度取样法 Deviation sampling	最短距离法 Single linkage	6.67	100.00	98.80	149.66
		最长距离法 Complete linkage	0.00	80.00	92.98	131.20
		非加权类平均法Unweighted average linkage method	0.00	93.33	95.55	139.15
		离差平方和法 Ward’s method	0.00	100.00	96.74	140.65
		中间距离法 Median method	0.00	53.33	85.70	118.81
		可变类平均法 Flexible beta method	0.00	100.00	96.48	141.58
		可变法 Ward’s flexible method	0.00	100.00	95.14	135.93
马氏距离 Mahalanobis distance	随机取样法 Random sampling	最短距离法 Single linkage	6.67	86.67	90.59	134.27
		最长距离法 Complete linkage	0.00	26.67	80.66	114.12
		非加权类平均法 Unweighted average linkage method	0.00	20.00	85.38	116.22
		离差平方和法 Ward’s method	0.00	6.67	83.84	116.60
		中间距离法 Median method	0.00	20.00	89.68	115.44
		可变类平均法 Flexible beta method	0.00	6.67	79.78	114.45
		可变法 Ward’s flexible method	0.00	13.33	80.77	110.45
	优先取样法 Preferred sampling	最短距离法 Single linkage	0.00	93.33	100.00	148.15
		最长距离法 Complete linkage	0.00	93.33	100.00	144.66
		非加权类平均法 Unweighted average linkage method	0.00	93.33	100.00	145.71
		离差平方和法 Ward’s method	0.00	100.00	100.00	146.87
		中间距离法 Median method	0.00	93.33	100.00	142.72
		可变类平均法 Flexible beta method	0.00	93.33	100.00	141.33
		可变法 Ward’s flexible method	0.00	93.33	100.00	140.47
	偏离度取样法 Deviation sampling	最短距离法 Single linkage	6.67	93.33	95.41	145.42
		最长距离法 Complete linkage	6.67	93.33	93.49	153.01
		非加权类平均法Unweighted average linkage method	0.00	93.33	97.07	156.30
		离差平方和法 Ward’s method	0.00	100.00	95.71	154.34
		中间距离法 Median method	6.67	86.67	92.93	139.87
		可变类平均法 Flexible beta method	0.00	86.67	92.51	149.91
		可变法 Ward’s flexible method	0.00	100.00	95.35	152.82

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Fig.1

Table 6

Table 7

Table 8

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性状Traits		均值 Mean	标准差 Standard deviation	变异系数 CV(%)	变异幅度Variation range	H'
生长性状 Growth traits	DBH	10.148	1.497	14.750	5.45～13.40	2.017
	BD	11.681	1.798	15.392	5.60～16.00	2.041
	TCH	15.573	2.292	14.718	8.80～22.80	2.053
	TNN	61.400	7.988	13.010	25.00～75.00	1.961
	HFB	7.257	1.785	24.603	3.00～13.75	2.064
	NNFB	27.100	4.037	14.895	14.00～37.00	2.063
	IL	24.410	2.856	11.699	14.40～34.00	2.035
	CW	2.269	0.347	15.293	1.17～3.60	2.058
结构性状 Structural traits	ACWTB	16.372	2.465	15.054	6.14～24.45	2.030
	AWTH	10.045	1.516	15.088	5.38～18.18	1.963
	CCD	79.410	12.918	16.267	39.46～116.15	2.013
叶片性状 Leaf traits	LA	10.419	2.055	19.721	4.87～18.72	2.042
	LL	10.004	1.018	10.176	6.51～13.70	2.048
	LW	1.479	0.162	10.970	1.02～1.99	2.059
	LT	1.288	0.158	12.297	0.86～1.99	2.038

组别 Group	多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener index	样本数 Sample number	遗传多样性法Genetic diversity method		简单比例法Simple proportional method		对数比例法Logarithmic proportional method		平方根比例法Square root proportional method
组别 Group	多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener index	样本数 Sample number	多样性占比 Genetic ratio（%）	10%	样本数占比 Sample ratio（%）	10%	样本数占比 Sample ratio（%）	10%	样本数占比 Sample ratio（%）	10%
安徽 Anhui	10.777	24	38.74	3	5.56	2	6.48	3	6.17	3
福建 Fujian	11.052	30	39.73	3	6.94	3	6.94	3	6.90	3
河南 Henan	10.039	12	36.09	3	2.78	1	5.07	2	4.36	2
云南 Yunnan	9.583	6	34.45	2	1.39	1	3.65	2	3.09	1
广西 Guangxi	10.959	27	39.40	3	6.25	3	6.72	3	6.55	3
湖南 Hunan	11.846	47	42.59	3	10.88	5	7.85	4	8.64	4
江西 Jiangxi	11.870	48	42.67	3	11.11	5	7.89	4	8.73	4
江苏 Jiangsu	10.039	12	36.09	2	2.78	1	5.07	2	4.36	2
浙江 Zhejiang	11.553	42	41.53	3	9.72	4	7.62	3	8.16	4
湖北 Hubei	11.364	38	40.86	3	8.80	4	7.42	3	7.77	3
重庆Chongqing	10.959	27	39.40	3	6.25	3	6.72	3	6.55	3
陕西 Shaanxi	10.390	18	37.35	3	4.17	1	5.89	3	5.34	2
甘肃 Gansu	9.040	2	32.50	1	0.46	1	1.41	1	1.78	1
广东Guangdong	11.309	36	40.66	3	8.33	4	7.31	3	7.56	3
四川 Sichuan	11.391	39	40.95	3	9.03	4	7.47	3	7.87	3
贵州 Guizhou	10.777	24	38.74	3	5.56	2	6.48	3	6.17	3

性状Traits	种质Collection	最小值 Min.	最大值 Max.	均值Mean	变异系数CV（%）	多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener index	t
DBH	OC	5.45	13.40	10.15	14.75	2.02	0.51
DBH	CC	5.45	13.40	9.90	24.30	1.80
BD	OC	5.60	16.00	11.68	15.39	2.04	0.85
BD	CC	5.60	16.00	11.59	25.11	1.94
TCH	OC	8.80	22.80	15.57	14.72	2.05	0.61
TCH	CC	8.80	22.80	15.27	25.04	1.98
TNN	OC	25.00	75.00	61.40	13.01	1.96	0.16
TNN	CC	25.00	75.00	58.65	20.89	1.94
HFB	OC	3.00	13.75	7.26	24.60	2.06	0.68
HFB	CC	3.00	13.75	7.44	38.55	2.03
NNFB	OC	14.00	37.00	27.10	14.90	2.06	0.43
NNFB	CC	14.00	37.00	26.35	22.96	2.04
IL	OC	14.40	34.00	24.41	11.70	2.03	0.42
IL	CC	14.40	34.00	24.96	17.13	2.01
CW	OC	1.17	3.60	2.27	15.29	2.06	0.63
CW	CC	1.17	3.60	2.30	17.56	1.92
ACWB	OC	6.14	24.45	16.37	15.05	2.03	0.28
ACWB	CC	6.14	24.45	15.70	25.00	1.99
AWTH	OC	5.38	18.18	10.05	15.09	1.96	0.87
AWTH	CC	5.38	18.18	10.11	25.38	1.92
CCD	OC	39.46	116.15	79.41	16.27	2.01	0.76
CCD	CC	39.46	116.15	78.43	26.52	1.88
LA	OC	4.87	18.72	10.42	19.72	2.04	0.28
LA	CC	4.87	18.72	10.96	29.01	1.97
LL	OC	6.51	13.70	10.00	10.18	2.05	0.42
LL	CC	6.51	13.70	10.20	15.09	2.02
LW	OC	1.02	1.99	1.48	10.97	2.06	0.39
LW	CC	1.02	1.99	1.51	16.08	2.06
LT	OC	0.86	1.99	1.29	12.30	2.04	0.24
LT	CC	0.86	1.99	1.33	17.27	1.94

性状Traits	最小值符合率 Min. coincidence rate	最大值符合率 Max. coincidence rate	均值符合率 Mean coincidence rate	多样性指数符合率 Coincidence rate of Shannon-Wiener index
DBH	100.00	100.00	97.56	89.15
BD	100.00	100.00	99.25	95.20
TCH	100.00	100.00	98.05	96.19
TNN	100.00	100.00	95.52	98.90
HFB	100.00	100.00	97.44	98.51
NNFB	100.00	100.00	97.23	99.07
IL	100.00	100.00	97.77	98.91
CW	100.00	100.00	98.62	93.30
ACWB	100.00	100.00	95.88	98.24
AWTH	100.00	100.00	99.34	97.88
CCD	100.00	100.00	98.77	93.33
LA	100.00	100.00	94.82	96.67
LL	100.00	100.00	98.03	98.85
LW	100.00	100.00	97.79	99.96
LT	100.00	100.00	96.72	95.18

主成分 Component	原始种质Original collection				核心种质 Core collection
主成分 Component	特征根 Eigen value	贡献率 Contribution percentage（%）	累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution percentage（%）	前3名主要贡献性状 The top three contributing traits	特征根 Eigen value	贡献率 Contribution percentage（%）	累积贡献率 Cumulative contribution percentage（%）	前3名主要贡献性状 The top three contributing traits
PC1	2.391	38.10	38.10	DBH，CCD，BD	2.484	41.12	41.12	DBH，CCD，BD
PC2	1.797	21.53	59.63	LA，LW，LL	1.942	25.14	66.26	LA，LW，LL
PC3	1.094	7.97	67.61	CW，HFB，IL	1.075	7.71	73.97	LT，ACWTB，CW
PC4	1.049	7.331	74.94	IL，CW，NNFB	1.041	7.22	81.19	CW，AWTH，ACWTB

Construction of a Core Germplasm of Moso Bamboo Based on Phenotypic Traits

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取样比例 Sampling ratio	均值差异百分率 Mean difference percentage	方差差异百分率 Variance difference percentage	极差符合率 Concordance rate of range	变异系数 Coefficient of variation
5	0.00	80.00	91.73	165.90
10	0.00	100.00	100.00	154.03
15	6.67	93.33	100.00	139.83
20	6.67	100.00	100.00	132.74
25	6.67	93.33	100.00	126.42
30	6.67	93.33	100.00	120.60
35	0.00	93.33	100.00	116.72
40	0.00	60.00	100.00	113.08

核心种质 Core collection	均值差异百分率 Mean difference percentage	方差差异百分率 Variance difference percentage	极差符合率 Concordance rate of range	变异系数 Coefficient of variation
PCore	0.00	93.33	100.00	154.03
LCore	0.00	93.33	100.00	154.03
SCore	13.33	20.00	81.43	106.71
GCore	0.00	6.67	80.94	106.18
NGCore	0.00	100.00	100.00	154.03

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