中国生态保护修复进程下的黑龙江省NPP时空演变及突变模式

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220703

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The paper is intended to study the spatial-temporal evolution and patterns of abrupt changes of vegetation NPP during the key implementation period of ecological conservation and restoration (2000-2020) in Heilongjiang Province, and to provide a scientific basis for ecological environment management, policy formulation, and the realization of "Carbon Peaking and carbon neutrality" in China in the future. Method: Based on the validated TEC model and China GlobeLand30 land cover data set(2000, 2010, 2020), Sen estimation method, M-K and T-test method were used to study the spatial-temporal evolution and patterns of abrupt changes of NPP from 2000 to 2020. Spatial superposition analysis was used to output land cover type transfer matrix to explore the effects of national ecological restoration projects on NPP. Result: 1) The average values of annual NPP significantly increased (P < 0.01). The growth rate of NPP increased significantly after 2010 and reached a new high in 2020. 2) NPP abrupt change was widely distributed in a phased manner and peaked in 2010. The high frequency stage and peak time of NPP abrupt change are highly consistent with the key nodes of China's major ecological protection and restoration projects. In general, ZZ pattern (increasing trend before and after abrupt changes) was the most obvious pattern of NPP abrupt changes in Heilongjiang Province. However, forest of FZ pattern (decreasing trend before abrupt change, increasing trend after abrupt change) showed the highest proportion in area indicating significant achievement of the ecological restoration. After 2010, the proportion of areas with forward abrupt change to total area with abrupt changes (ZZ and FZ patterns) stabilized, accounting for more than 96.9% on a yearly basis. 3) Forest, farmland and grassland are the top three ecosystems in average annual total NPP in Heilongjiang Province from 2000 to 2020. As NPP of the farmland rose rapidly, proportion of farmland NPP to regional total NPP in Heilongjiang Province increased significantly (P < 0.01). 4) From 2000 to 2010 and from 2010 to 2020, ecological protection and restoration projects directly contributed 56.8% and 33.2% to NPP changes in this region, respectively. Conclusion: It can be seen that Heilongjiang province still shows the continuous enhancement of vegetation carbon sequestration capacity on the basis of the original strong carbon storage from 2000 to 2020. In the future, more attention should be paid to carbon sequestration potential and carbon sequestration methods in agriculture. Ecological conservation and restoration projects have had an important impact on NPP. Heilongjiang Province will have a huge vegetation carbon sequestration capacity and play an important role in global and regional carbon balance under the background of major ecological projects in Northeast Forest Belt and global warming.

Key words: net primary productivity of vegetation, NPP, ecological protection and restoration, vegetation carbon sequestration capacity, carbon sink, pattern of abrupt change

CLC Number:

Chunxiang Cheng,Min Yu,Zijun Mao,Lianni Xie,Yongcheng Zhang,Tao Sun,Zuomin Xu,Shuang Wu,Qianni Li,Jia Xu. Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Patterns of Abrupt Changs of NPP in Heilongjiang Province in the Process of Ecological Protection and Restoration in China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(7): 23-31.

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生态系统类型 Ecosystem types	年平均NPP总量 Average annual total NPP/TgC	年平均NPP总量全省占比 Proportion of average annual total NPP in the province(%)	年NPP总量变化率 Slope of annual total NPP/(TgC·a^-1)	P	年NPP总量全省占比的变化率 Slope of proportion of annual total NPP in the province(%)	P
森林生态系统 Forest ecosystem	130.7	46.1%	1.38	P<0.01	-0.16	P<0.01
农田生态系统 Farmland ecosystem	105.8	37.1%	1.91	P<0.01	0.15	P<0.01
草地生态系统 Grassland ecosystem	34.3	12.1%	0.49	P<0.01	0.00	P>0.05
湿地生态系统 Wetland ecosystem	5.0	1.8%	0.06	P<0.01	0.00	P>0.05
聚落生态系统 Human settlement ecosystem	5.3	1.9%	0.10	P<0.01	0.01	P<0.05

类型 Type	面积Area/ km²		占土地覆盖变化总面积百分比Proportion of the total area of land cover change(%)		年NPP总量净变化量 Net change in annual total NPP/TgC
类型 Type	2000—2010	2010—2020	2000—2010	2010—2020	2000—2010	2010—2020
植树造林 Afforestation	14 470.1	11 697.1	38.1	27.5	0.99	0.75
草地造林 Grassland to forest	11 872.2	8 882.9	31.2	20.9	0.77	0.52
退耕还林 Farmland to forest	2 159.7	2 524.0	5.7	5.9	0.17	0.18
退耕还草 Farmland to grassland	3 462.4	3 540.9	9.1	8.3	0.05	-0.10
退耕还湿 Farmland to wetland	52.5	602.0	0.1	1.4	0.00	-0.02
合计Total	17 985.0	15 840.0	47.3	37.2	1.04	0.63

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Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Patterns of Abrupt Changs of NPP in Heilongjiang Province in the Process of Ecological Protection and Restoration in China

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