青海高寒区4种人工林细根生物量及其养分储量变化特征

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220602

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: Due to the special geographical location, the ecological environment of alpine region in Qinghai Province is fragile and the growth of vegetation is poor. The objective of this research was to investigate seasonal variation and vertical distribution of fine root biomass and nutrient storage of typical plantations in this region. The result would provide a theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and plantation management in alpine region in Qinghai Province. Method: Four typical plantations namely Betula platyphylla, Populus cathayana, Larix principis-rupperchii, and Picea crassifolia were selected in the Taergou watershed of Datong County, Qinghai Province. Samples of fines roots in 0-60 cm soil layer were collected from May to October in 2019 from each plantation type. The fine root biomass and their C (carbon), N (nitrogen), and P (phosphorus) contents were analyzed. We used variance analysis to explore the effect of seasons, plantation types and soil layers on fine root biomass and nutrient storage. Result: During the growing season, the fine root biomass of B. platyphylla, P. cathayana, L. principis-rupperchii, and P. crassifolia in the 0-60 cm soil layer was 7.63, 6.89, 6.11, and 19.31 t·hm^-2, respectively. The fine root biomass of P. crassifolia was significantly higher than that of the other plantations. The fine root biomass of the four plantations were all decreased in the order of autumn > summer > spring, with significant difference between seasons (P < 0.05). With the increase of depth of the soil layer, the fine root biomass of the four plantations decreased exponentially. Fine root biomass mainly concentrated in the surface soil layer (0-20 cm), accounting for more than 68% of the total for all the four plantations. The fine root nutrient content of broad-leaved forest was relatively higher than that in coniferous forest, indicating that broad-leaved forest needs more nutrients for its growth. The fine root C content of the four plantations were all decreased in the order of autumn > summer > spring, while the fine root N and P contents in autumn were significantly higher during the growing season (P < 0.05). In vertical variation, the fine root nutrient content generally showed a trend of decreasing with the increase of soil depth. The fine root nutrient storage of P. crassifolia was significantly higher than that of the other species during the growing season. The fine root nutrient storage was the highest in autumn. Conclusion: The fine root biomass, fine root nutrient content and storage of the four plantations in the alpine region of Qinghai Province had significant seasonal variation and vertical distribution pattern. The fine root biomass in autumn was the highest. The fine roots were mainly concentrated in the surface soil layer and decreased with the depth of soil layer, showing an obvious property of surface-aggregation. The seasonal variation and vertical distribution of fine root C, N, and P storage were consistent with the fine root biomass. Among the four plantations, the fine root C, N, and P storage of P. crassifolia were relatively high. Therefore, we suggested that the plantation management in this area should be combined with seasonal characteristics. It is important to promote the growth and development of fine roots by reasonable management measures in the early growing seasons, and to protect the accumulation of surface fine roots in order to ensure vegetation resilience can be improved.

Key words: plantations, fine root, fine root biomass, nutrient storage of fine root, the alpine region of Qinghai Province

CLC Number:

S718.5

Xue Zhang,Dongmei Wang,Wenjie Wen,Ruosha Liu. Seasonal Patterns in Fine Root Biomass and Nutrient Storage of Four Plantations in the Alpine Region of Qinghai Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(6): 13-22.

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指标 Index	白桦 Betula platyphylla	青杨 Populus cathayana	华北落叶松 Larix principis-rupperchii	青海云杉 Picea crassifolia
海拔Altitude/m	2 851	2 835	2 840	2 837
坡度Slope/(°)	18	17	14	17
坡向Aspect	NE35	NE42	NW270	NE46
郁闭度Canopy density	0.8	0.84	0.85	0.88
林分密度Stand density/hm^-2	2 300	2 000	2 400	3 000
平均胸径Mean DBH/cm	14.31	7.79	14.69	12.23
平均树高Mean tree height/m	6.18	13.51	8.7	8.68
土壤密度Soil density/(g·cm^-3)	1.19±0.02ab	1.14±0.04bc	1.21±0.01a	1.09±0.03c
土壤含水量Soil water content(%)	25.76±0.34b	25.15±0.61b	24.49±0.80b	28.67±0.82a
土壤碳含量Soil C content/(g·kg^-1)	12.12±1.54b	20.28±1.81a	15.95±0.92b	13.78±1.08b
土壤氮含量Soil N content/(g·kg^-1)	0.69±0.09b	1.23±0.15a	0.79±0.05b	0.65±0.03b
土壤磷含量Soil P content/(g·kg^-1)	0.48±0.02b	0.49±0.02ab	0.53±0.02a	0.46±0.08b

变异来源Source of variation	df	F	P
树种Tree species	3	32.219	＜0.001
土层Soil layer	3	64.819	＜0.001
季节Season	2	15.761	＜0.001
树种×土层Tree species×soil layer	9	9.961	＜0.001
树种×季节Tree species×season	6	2.555	＜0.001
土层×季节Soil layer×season	6	3.759	＜0.001

变异来源Source of variation	df	ROC	RTN	RTP	RCS	RNS	RPS
树种Tree species	3	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001
土层Soil layer	3	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001
季节Season	2	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001
树种×土层Tree species×soil layer	9	＜0.001	0.808	0.008	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001
树种×季节Tree species×season	6	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001
土层×季节Soil layer×season	6	＜0.001	0.002	0.017	＜0.001	＜0.001	＜0.001

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Seasonal Patterns in Fine Root Biomass and Nutrient Storage of Four Plantations in the Alpine Region of Qinghai Province

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