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Scientia Silvae Sinicae ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 63-72.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20190808

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Photosynthetic Characteristics and Leaf Morphological Characteristics of Five Bamboo Species of Bambusa in Hainan Island during the Rainy Season

Guo Wen1, Lei Gang2, Qi Lianghua1,2,3, Wang Yi1, Xu Ruijing1, Zhang Jian1   

  1. 1. International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan Beijing 100102;
    2. Anhui Taiping Experimental Station of ICBR Huangshan 245700;
    3. Hainan Sanya National Positioning and Monitoring Station for Ecosystem of Bamboo and Rattan Associated Forest Sanya 572000
  • Received:2018-07-16 Revised:2019-06-18 Published:2019-09-05

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Abstract: [Objective] In this study, the photosynthetic characteristics of five bamboo species in rainy season were measured to investigate the differences in photosynthetic ability among different types of bamboo in rainy season in tropical areas, in order to understand the characteristics of different bamboo species, and provide a theoretical basis for the efficient cultivation of the bamboo species and their garden applications.[Method] Five bamboo species of Bambusa in Hainan Island were used as research materials. A LI-6400 portable photosynthetic apparatus was used to measure the daily variation, light response curve and CO2 response curve. The influence of ecological environmental factors and the correlation between leaf morphological characteristics and photosynthesis were analyzed.[Result] 1) The net photosynthetic rate of different bamboo species varied greatly during the rainy season. The diurnal variation of the net photosynthetic rate of the five bamboo species all presented a "double-peak" curve with a typical photosynthetic "nap" phenomenon, and the first peak was higher than the second one. 2) The light response curve measurement showed that there were differences in the maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pmax), light saturation point (LSP) and dark respiration (Rd) over the different bamboo species. B. tuldoides Munro and B. chungii McClure had relatively higher Pmax and LSP, and lower Rd, and their photosynthetic ability was relatively strong. The net photosynthetic rate of all bamboos was higher in May-June, and lower in August-October. 3) The CO2 response curve showed that there were differences in CO2 compensation point (CCP), photorespiration rate (Rp) and carboxylation rate (CE) over the five species. The net photosynthetic rate of 5 bamboo species was higher in May-August, and lower in September-October. B. tuldoides had higher CE, Rp and Amax, and lower CCP and CSP, indicating that the photosynthetic capacity was strong, and was able to adapt to low light environment, while B. textilis var. Gracilis McClure was the opposite. 4) In rainy season, the net photosynthetic rate of five bamboo species was mainly restricted by stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), air temperature (Ta), photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and atmospheric CO2 concentration (Ca). Studies on the leaf morphological characteristics of five bamboo species showed that the leaf area (LA) of B. ventricosa McClure and B. vulgaris 'Vittata' McClure was significantly greater than that of the other three bamboo species (P<0.05). The leaf thickness (LT) of B. ventricosa, B. tuldoides, and B. vulgaris 'Vittata' McClure was significantly greater than that of the other two bamboo species (P<0.05), and the specific leaf area was the opposite. However, there was no significant difference in the leaf dry matter content (LDMC) among five bamboo species (F=0.691, P=0.615). The correlations between Pmax, Amax and LA, LT, LDMC, SLA were different among different bamboo species, among which the correlations between Pmax, Amax and LA were greater.[Conclusion] A comprehensive analysis of photosynthetic characteristics and leaf morphological structure of bamboo species shows that there is a certain correlation between photosynthetic characteristics and leaf morphological characteristics of bamboo species. The photosynthetic capacity of B. tuldoides and B. chungii is the largest, followed by B. vulgaris 'Vittata' and B. ventricosa, and B. textilis var. Gracilis is the smallest. B. tuldoides has strong photosynthetic adaptability and wide cultivation area. B. ventricosa has weak photosynthetic adaptation ability and narrow cultivation area. B. chungii is suitable for growing in areas with sufficient light. B. textilis var. Gracilis McClure can be cultivated under shady condition. B. vulgaris 'Vittata' is between B. textilis var. Gracilis and B. chungii, with high ornamental value.

Key words: Bambusa, photosynthesis, diurnal changer, photosynthesis response to light curve, photosynthesis response to CO2 curve, leaf morphological characteristics

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