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Scientia Silvae Sinicae ›› 2015, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 52-59.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20150207

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Effects of Phenolic Acids on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Seedlings of Malus hupehensis

Wang Yanfang1,2, Pan Fengbing1, Zhang Xianfu1, Wang Peng3, Chen Xuesen1, Shen Xiang1, Mao Zhiquan1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018;
    2. College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018;
    3. Tai'an River Administration, Shandong Province Tan'an 271000
  • Received:2014-03-29 Revised:2015-01-12 Online:2015-02-25 Published:2015-03-11

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Abstract:

【Objective】 In this study, the damage effect of 5 kinds of phenolic acids with actual concentration in continuous cropping soil on Malus hupehensis. seedlings was investigated to provide the theory basis for prevention and control of apple replant disease. 【Method】 To understand the phytotoxic mechanisms induced by phenolic acids involved in this phenomenon, M. hupehensis seedlings were planted in sand and treated with five phenolic acids (phloridzin, phloretin, cinnamic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, phloroglucinol) at the respective original concentration in the orchard soils. The effects of phenolic acids on the photosynthetic rate and antioxidant systems of M. hupehensis seedlings were analyzed. 【Result】 The plant growth, photosynthetic parameters (Pn, Gs, Tr), chlorophyll contents, activities of superoxidase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), and content of malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, and soluble protein were measured. The results showed that all five kinds of phenolic acids in a continuous cropping orchard all inhibited the growth of M. hupehensis seedlings, and reduced the photosynthetic rate and pigment contents in the leaves. At the same time, the activities of SOD, POD and CAT declined, while the proline, soluble protein, malondialdehyde contents increased under the phenolic acids stress. Among the 5 kinds of phenolic acids, the phlorizin treatment obviously reduced the fresh and dry weight, to 72.2% and 61.4% of the control, respectively. Phloroglucinol had the least impact on the fresh and dry weight, only reduced to 92.6% and 96.3%, respectively. Compared to the control, phlorizin distinctly reduced the Pn, Tr, chlorophyll contents, the activities of SOD, POD and CAT, by 66.9%, 53.2%, 57.1%, 42.7%, 60.2% and 81.5%, respectively;Phloroglucinol reduced the Pn, chlorophyll contents, the activities of SOD, POD and CAT by 34.7%,13.0%,13.0%,4.3% and 24.0%, respectively. The content of MDA in leaves varied significantly among the 5 kinds of phenolic acids treatments, with the order of phloridzin > phloretin > p-hydroxybenzoic acid > cinnamic acid > phloroglucinol > control. The contents of proline and soluble protein were also obviously increased with phenolic acids treatments. Phloridzin treatment led to the highest increase in contents of proline and soluble protein, to 5.98-fold and 3.03-fold of the control, respectively. The phloroglucinol treatment made the contents of proline and soluble protein increased by only 3.38-fold and 1.63-fold of the control, respectively. 【Conclusion】 This experiment showed that the toxic effect on the M. hupehensis seedlings varied significantly among the 5 kinds of phenolic acids. Phloridzin had the most damage to the photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll contents and the antioxidant system of seedlings, therefore, measures should be taken to degrade phloridzin and prevent its concentration from excessive high to inhibit the growth and development of M. hupehensis seedlings.

Key words: Malus hupehensis, phenolic acids, photosynthetic characteristic, antioxidant enzymes

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