林业碳汇产品定价机制比较与启示

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240295

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

科学合理的定价机制是林业碳汇产品交易的关键，对盘活林业碳汇市场、应对全球气候变化以及实现“双碳”目标至关重要。当前，部分国家和地区积极探索林业碳汇产品定价机制，积累了有益经验，但权威统一的林业碳汇产品定价机制尚未建立。本研究首先梳理国内外典型林业碳汇产品交易平台的定价机制，然后从林业碳汇产品类型、定价原则、定价理论模型与信息化水平、定价限制条件、会员管理制度、定价监督、定价结算等方面进行对比分析。基于林业碳汇产品定价现状与挑战，融合经济学相关定价理论与国内外典型定价经验，提出我国构建林业碳汇产品定价机制的7点启示：1）健全林业碳汇定价机制的法律规则标准；2）优化林业碳汇定价的碳配额调节价格机制；3）调整林业碳汇定价的市场供需机制；4）发展高质量林业碳汇产品的定价机制；5）搭建林业碳汇定价机制的信息化交易平台；6）完善林业碳汇定价机制的监管体系；7）培养林业碳汇定价机制的专业团队。本研究结果可为完善碳汇产品定价机制和推动林业碳汇市场发展提供科学依据，从而助力实现“双碳”目标。

关键词: 林业碳汇, 生态产品, 定价机制, 碳汇交易, 碳市场, 经验借鉴

Abstract:

A scientific and reasonable pricing mechanism is the key to forestry carbon sink trading. It plays a decisive role in revitalizing the forestry carbon sink market, mitigating global climate change, and realizing the“double carbon”goals. While some countries and regions have actively explored pricing mechanisms for forestry carbon sink products and have accumulated valuable experience, a unified and mature pricing mechanism for forestry carbon sinks is still lacking. In this study, we first systematically review the pricing mechanisms of forestry carbon sink products in typical domestic and international trading platforms. Subsequently, a comparative analysis is carried out across multiple dimensions, including the types of forestry carbon sink products, pricing principles, pricing theoretical models and information levels, pricing constraints, membership management systems, pricing supervision, and pricing settlement. Finally, in light of the current situation and challenges surrounding the pricing practices of forestry carbon sink products in China, seven inspirations are proposed by integrating relevant economic pricing theories and typical pricing experience: 1) Establish the legal market rules and standards for the forestry carbon sink pricing mechanism. 2) Optimize the carbon quota adjustment price mechanism for forestry carbon sink pricing. 3) Adjust the market supply and demand mechanism for forestry carbon sink pricing. 4) Develop the pricing mechanism for high-quality forestry carbon sink products. 5) Build an information trading platform for the forestry carbon sink pricing mechanism. 6) Improve the regulatory system governing the forestry carbon sink pricing mechanism. 7) Cultivate a professional team dedicated to the forestry carbon sink pricing mechanism. The results can provide a scientific basis for improving the pricing mechanism of carbon sink products and promoting the development of the forestry carbon sink market, thereby facilitating the achievement of the“double carbon”goals.

Key words: forestry carbon sink, ecological products, pricing mechanism, carbon sequestration trading, carbon market, experience reference

中图分类号:

徐来仙,何友均. 林业碳汇产品定价机制比较与启示[J]. 林业科学, 2025, 61(4): 231-248.

Laixian Xu,Youjun He. Comparison and Implications for Pricing Mechanisms of Forestry Carbon Sink Products[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(4): 231-248.

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