黄腐酸钾对不同氯盐胁迫下桧柏生长的缓解效应

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 探究高浓度氯盐胁迫下桧柏容器苗施加不同质量分数黄腐酸钾（FA-K）后的生长和生理特性，揭示FA-K缓解高浓度氯盐胁迫下桧柏的生理响应机制及差异性，为冬季北方高速公路中央分隔绿化带桧柏的管理维护提供技术支撑。方法: 选取2年生桧柏容器苗开展盆栽试验，以正常生长为对照，设置0.7% NaCl和0.7% CaCl₂ 2种盐分，每种盐分设置0、0.05%、0.10%、0.30%和0.50% 5种质量分数FA-K处理，测定各处理下桧柏苗生长指标（苗高生长量、地径生长量、生物量、根冠比）、光合色素含量（叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素）、相对电导率、丙二醛含量、渗透调节物质（脯氨酸、可溶性糖）含量、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性。结果: 1） 0.7% CaCl₂胁迫对桧柏苗生长的抑制作用大于0.7% NaCl胁迫；0.7% CaCl₂胁迫下桧柏苗除可溶性糖和类胡萝卜素含量低于NaCl胁迫外，其他生理指标（叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、总叶绿素含量、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、相对电导率、过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性）均高于NaCl胁迫；2） 2种盐胁迫下，施加FA-K均使桧柏苗苗高生长量、地径生长量、生物量增加，叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量上升，相对电导率和丙二醛含量下降，超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性、脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量呈低-高-低的变化趋势，0.50% FA-K下2种盐胁迫的幼苗生长接近对照；3）相较0.7% NaCl胁迫，FA-K对0.7% CaCl₂胁迫表现出更好的缓解作用。结论: 高浓度氯盐胁迫显著抑制桧柏苗生长和存活，0.7% CaCl₂抑制作用比0.7% NaCl强；FA-K能够有效缓解NaCl和CaCl₂胁迫，0.50% FA-K缓解效果较佳。

关键词: 桧柏, 盐胁迫, 黄腐酸钾, 融雪剂, 缓解作用

Abstract:

Objective: In this paper, we studied the growth and physiological characteristics of Sabina chinensis vulgaris container seedlings under high concentration salt stress, and the mitigation effect and difference of fulvic acid potassium on high concentration NaCl and CaCl₂ stress. It provides technical support for the management and maintenance of median strip of northern expressway in winter. Method: We used 2-year-old Sabina chinensis container seedlings as study materials during pot experiment, and normal growth as control. The effects of potassium fulvic acid (FA-K) at 0, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.30% and 0.50% on alleviating high salt stress of 0.7% NaCl and CaCl₂ were investigated. The growth indexes of Sabina chinensis seedlings (seedling height growth, ground diameter growth, biomass, root-shoot ratio), photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid), relative conductivity, MDA content, osmotic adjustment substance content (proline, soluble sugar), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were measured under various treatments. Result: 1) The inhibition effect of 0.7% CaCl₂ stress on the growth of Sabina chinensis seedlings was greater than that of 0.7% NaCl stress. Under 0.7% CaCl₂ stress, other physiological indexes (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, MDA, proline content, relative conductivity, POD, SOD activity) were higher than those under NaCl stress except that the content of soluble sugar and carotenoid was lower than that under NaCl stress. 2) Under two kinds of salt stress, fulvic acid potassium increased height growth, ground diameter growth and biomass, increased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content, decreased relative electrical conductivity and MDA content, and showed a low-high-low trend in SOD and POD activity, prominence acid and soluble sugar content. Under 0.50% FA-K, the seedling growth under the two salt stresses was close to the control. 3) Compared with 0.7% NaCl stress, fulvic acid potassium showed better mitigation effect on 0.7% CaCl₂ stress. Conclusion: The result indicated that high salt significantly inhibited the growth and survival of Sabina chinensis, and the inhibition effect of 0.7% CaCl₂ was stronger than that of 0.7% NaCl. The stress of NaCl and CaCl₂ could be effectively mitigated by fulvic acid potassium, and 0.50% of fulvic acid potassium was most effective.

Key words: Sabina chinensis, salt stress, fulvic acid potassium, deicing salt, physiological characteristics

中图分类号:

S718

房有鑫,曹帮华,郭龙梅,毛培利,庞元湘,张金颢,王志恒,李鹏飞. 黄腐酸钾对不同氯盐胁迫下桧柏生长的缓解效应[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(4): 99-108.

Youxin Fang,Banghua Cao,Longmei Guo,Peili Mao,Yuanxiang Pang,Jinhao Zhang,Zhiheng Wang,Pengfei Li. Mitigating Effect of Fulvic Acid Potassium on the Growth of Sabina chinensis under Different Chlorine Salt Stress[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(4): 99-108.

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处理 Treatment	苗高生长量 Seedling height growth/cm	地径生长量 Ground diameter growth/mm	生物量 The biomass/g	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio	存活率 Survival rate(%)
CK（正常生长 Normal growth）	5.1±0.14a	1.04±0.04a	901.67±10.07a	0.22±0.01g	100
CK1（0.7% NaCl）	1.2±0.33hi	0.83±0.03bc	628.33±9.99e	0.29±0.01de	40
T1（0.7% NaCl+0.05% FA-K）	1.5±0.12ghi	0.91±0.03abc	725.67±54.47d	0.37±0.02a	40
T2（0.7% NaCl+0.10% FA-K）	1.9±0.24ef	0.91±0.03abc	752.67±38.32d	0.32±0.01cde	60
T3（0.7% NaCl+0.30% FA-K）	3.7±0.12d	1.01±0.03ab	789.00±33.55bc	0.29±0.01de	100
T4（0.7% NaCl+0.50% FA-K）	4.4±0.15bc	1.03±0.04a	856.33±25.89ab	0.25±0.01fg	100
CK2（0.7% CaCl₂）	1.1±0.10i	0.78±0.05c	585.32±12.56e	0.33±0.01bcd	40
T5（0.7% CaCl₂+0.05% FA-K）	1.6±0.06fg	0.95±0.14abc	761.00±5.69c	0.36±0.03ab	60
T6（0.7% CaCl₂+0.10% FA-K）	2.1±0.23e	0.96±0.06abc	762.00±21.00c	0.34±0.01abc	80
T7（0.7% CaCl₂+0.30%F A-K）	4.0±0.12cd	1.00±0.04ab	806.00±29.57bc	0.28±0.01ef	100
T8（0.7% CaCl₂+0.50% FA-K）	4.8±0.26ab	1.04±0.07a	898.33±20.87a	0.24±0.01g	100

处理 Treatment	叶绿素a Chl a/(mg·g^?1)	叶绿素b Chl b/(mg·g^?1)	总叶绿素 Chl (a+b)/(mg·g^?1)	类胡萝卜素 Car/(mg·g^?1)
CK（正常生长 Normal growth）	1.87±0.10a	0.48±0.02a	2.35±0.08a	0.64±0.05a
CK1（0.7% NaCl）	1.04±0.04f	0.18±0.02f	1.22±0.04f	0.38±0.01e
T1（0.7% NaCl+0.05% FA-K）	1.14±0.04ef	0.24±0.03d	1.37±0.05de	0.43±0.01d
T2（0.7% NaCl+0.10% FA-K）	1.16±0.04ef	0.29±0.02b	1.44±0.05d	0.46±0.02d
T3（0.7% NaCl+0.30% FA-K）	1.31±0.03cd	0.29±0.03b	1.60±0.04c	0.47±0.01d
T4（0.7% NaCl+0.50% FA-K）	1.48±0.05b	0.36±0.05b	1.84±0.07b	0.59±0.02b
CK2（0.7% CaCl₂）	1.09±0.02ef	0.20±0.03e	1.29±0.02ef	0.33±0.01f
T5（0.7% CaCl₂+0.05%F A-K）	1.18±0.03e	0.25±0.02d	1.42±0.03d	0.35±0.01ef
T6（0.7% CaCl₂+0.10%F A-K）	1.20±0.02de	0.26±0.01cd	1.46±0.02d	0.39±0.02e
T7（0.7% CaCl₂+0.30% FA-K）	1.35±0.03c	0.28±0.02bc	1.62±0.03c	0.44±0.01d
T8（0.7% CaCl₂+0.50% FA-K）	1.58±0.06b	0.37±0.03a	1.96±0.06b	0.51±0.02c

指标 Index	FA-K质量分数 FA-K concentration		盐分种类 Salt species		FA-K质量分数×氯盐种类 FA-K concentration×salt species
指标 Index	F	P	F	P	F	P
苗高生长量Seedling height growth/cm	218.82	<0.01	4.21	<0.05	0.87	0.50
地径生长量Ground diameter growth/mm	4.64	<0.01	0.55	0.82	0.23	0.92
生物量The biomass/g	23.49	<0.01	0.45	0.51	0.68	0.61
根冠比Root-shoot ratio	26.50	<0.01	0.19	0.67	1.55	0.23
Chl a含量 Chl a content/(mg·g^?1)	44.73	<0.01	5.04	<0.05	0.26	0.90
Chl b含量 Chl b content/(mg·g^?1)	185.13	<0.01	0.10	0.76	6.35	<0.01
Chl (a+b)含量Chl (a+b) content/(mg·g^?1)	70.07	<0.01	4.81	<0.05	0.53	0.72
Car含量 Car content/(mg·g^?1)	68.89	<0.01	58.27	<0.01	2.00	0.13
相对电导率Relative conductivity(%)	102.82	<0.01	23.13	<0.01	3.84	<0.05
MDA含量 MDA content/(μmol·g^?1)	165.98	<0.01	6.15	<0.01	8.46	<0.01
PRO含量 Pro content(%)	455.90	<0.01	238.32	<0.01	8.58	<0.01
SS含量 SS content(%)	167.42	<0.01	39.61	<0.01	9.96	<0.01
SOD活性SOD activity/(U·g^?1h^?1)	89.51	<0.01	3.92	>0.05	3.79	<0.05
POD活性POD activity/(U·g^?1h^?1)	123.56	<0.01	125.61	<0.01	20.347	<0.01

生长和生理指标 Growth and physiological indicators	苗高生长量Seedling height growth	地径生长量Ground diameter growth	生物量The biomass	根冠比Root-shoot ratio	Chl a含量 Chl a content	Chl b含量 Chl b content	Chl (a+b)含量Chl (a+b) content	Car含量 Car content	相对电导率Relative conductivity	MDA含量 MDA content	PRO含量 Pro content	SS含量 SS content	SOD活性SOD activity	POD活性POD activity
苗高生长量Seedling height growth	1.00
地径生长量Ground diameter growth	0.805**	1.00
生物量The biomass	0.698**	0.669**	1.00
根冠比Root-shoot ratio	?0.646**	?0.38	?0.30*	1.00
Chl a含量 Chl a content	0.910**	0.803**	0.711**	?0.627*	1.00
Chl b含量 Chl b content	0.862**	0.800**	0.772**	?0.521*	0.903**	1.00
Chl (a+b)含量 Chl (a+b) content	0.915**	0.815**	0.742**	?0.604*	0.993**	0.947**	1.00
Car含量 Car content	0.817**	0.779**	0.701**	?0.539*	0.869**	0.929**	0.899**	1.00
相对电导率Relative conductivity	?0.922**	?0.768**	?0.753**	0.624*	?0.866**	?0.931**	?0.903**	?0.825**	1.00
MDA含量 MDA content	?0.940**	?0.793**	?0.808**	0.666**	?0.922**	?0.912**	?0.937**	?0.887**	0.921**	1.00
PRO含量 Pro content	?0.11	0.07	0.18*	0.47	?0.04	0.25	0.05	0.07	?0.12	0.09	1.00
SS含量 SS content	0.813**	0.794**	0.806**	?0.30	0.748**	0.870**	0.800**	0.731**	?0.891**	?0.790**	0.42	1.00
SOD活性SOD activity	?0.42	?0.14	?0.13	0.572*	?0.38	?0.12	?0.31	?0.26	0.22	0.42	0.870**	0.13	1.00
POD活性POD activity	0.05	0.24	0.38	0.37*	0.18	0.43	0.25	0.24	?0.27	?0.12	0.937**	0.540*	0.758**	1.00

生长和生理指标 Growth and physiological indicators	苗高生长量Seedling height growth	地径生长量Ground diameter growth	生物量The biomass	根冠比Root-shoot ratio	Chl a含量 Chl a content	Chl b含量 Chl b content	Chl (a+b)含量Chl (a+b) content	Car含量 Car content	相对电导率Relative conductivity	MDA含量 MDA content	PRO含量 Pro content	SS含量 SS content	SOD活性SOD activity	POD活性POD activity
苗高生长量Seedling height growth	1.00
地径生长量Ground diameter growth	0.48	1.00
生物量The biomass	0.833**	0.51	1.00
根冠比Root-shoot ratio	?0.860**	?0.15	?0.575*	1.00
Chl a含量 Chl a content	0.912**	0.47	0.842**	?0.809**	1.00
Chl b含量 Chl b content	0.871**	0.51	0.853**	?0.749**	0.928**	1.00
Chl (a+b)含量 Chl (a+b) content	0.918**	0.49	0.865**	?0.802**	0.996**	0.957**	1.00
Car含量 Car content	0.941**	0.539*	0.803**	?0.785**	0.914**	0.919**	0.928**	1.00
相对电导率Relative conductivity	?0.933**	?0.558*	?0.935**	0.664**	?0.880**	?0.822**	?0.885**	?0.893**	1.00
MDA含量 MDA content	?0.922**	?0.568*	?0.934**	0.689**	?0.880**	?0.870**	?0.898**	?0.893**	0.952**	1.00
PRO含量 Pro content	0.02	0.33	0.43*	0.33	?0.02	0.08	0.02	0.01	?0.26	?0.36	1.00
SS含量 SS content	0.740**	0.550*	0.847**	?0.40	0.615*	0.608*	0.634*	0.685**	?0.869**	?0.864**	0.595*	1.00
SOD活性SOD activity	?0.589*	?0.13	?0.37	0.703**	?0.693**	?0.676**	?0.688**	?0.649**	0.44	0.38	0.602*	0.03	1.00
POD活性POD activity	?0.33	0.08	?0.02	0.543*	?0.36	?0.31	?0.34	?0.31	0.12	0.05	0.790**	0.32	0.855**	1.00