江西武夷山南方铁杉林主要树种叶片养分含量及再吸收效率

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20220102

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 分析江西武夷山南方铁杉林主要树种叶片养分含量，阐明不同生活型(落叶树种和常绿树种)树种新鲜叶和凋落叶养分化学计量特征与养分再吸收效率，为揭示南方铁杉林主要树种叶片养分含量及再吸收效率对植物生活型的响应机制提供理论依据。方法: 采集南方铁杉天然林内主要树种的新鲜叶和凋落叶，测定叶片碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量，计算其化学计量比和养分再吸收效率，采用标准化主轴回归估计方法对南方铁杉林主要树种新鲜叶与凋落叶中N、P含量的异速生长关系进行研究，分析生活型对叶片N、P含量之间关系的影响。结果: 1) 南方铁杉天然混交林中，落叶和常绿两生活型树种间的新鲜叶C含量无显著差异，但落叶树种N和P含量均显著高于常绿树种(P < 0.05); 但两生活型树种间的凋落叶C、N、P含量均无显著差异。2)新鲜叶C ∶N和C ∶P均表现为落叶树种显著低于常绿树种(P < 0.05)，但N ∶P在两生活型树种间差异不明显; 凋落叶C ∶N、N ∶P和C ∶P均显著大于新鲜叶，但其在两生活型树种间差异不明显。3)常绿树种新鲜叶N与P含量间存在显著正相关关系; 常绿树种与落叶树种凋落叶N与P含量显著正相关(P < 0.05)，但斜率差异不显著(P = 0.60)，斜率为0.73; 凋落叶N含量与新鲜叶N含量显著正相关(P < 0.05)，但凋落叶P含量与新鲜叶P含量无显著相关性。4)落叶树种与常绿树种间叶片N、P再吸收效率差异不明显，二者均有较高的P再吸收效率。结论: 落叶树种新鲜叶N、P含量显著高于常绿树种，两生活型树种间的N、P再吸收效率无显著差异。生活型对凋落叶N和P含量相关关系斜率未产生影响; 不同生活型树种叶片养分含量存在显著差异; 不同生活型树种具有不同的养分获取策略。

关键词: 碳, 氮, 磷, 亚热带森林, 南方铁杉, 主要树种, 养分再吸收效率

Abstract:

Objective: Contents of leaf nutrients of the main tree species in Tsuga chinensis forest were investigated to illustrate stoichiometric characteristics and resorption efficiency of nutrients of fresh and litter leaves of tree species with different life forms (deciduous and evergreen tree species), in order to reveal their responses to the different life forms. Method: The fresh and litter leaves of main tree species were collected in T. chinensis natural forest. The contents of carbon(C), nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) in leaves were determined, and their stoichiometric ratio and nutrient resorption efficiency were calculated. The standardized major axis estimation(SMA) method was used to study the allometric relationship among the fresh leaves of the main tree species in the T. chinensis forest. The effects of different life forms on the relationship between N and P contents in leaves were analyzed. Result: There was no significant difference in fresh leaf C content between deciduous and evergreen tree species, but the N, and P content of deciduous tree species was significantly higher than that of evergreen tree species (P < 0.05). there was no significant difference in the contents of C, N and P in litter leaves between the two life-forms in the natural mixed forest of T. chinensis in Wuyi Mountain. the C∶N and C∶P of fresh leaves in deciduous species was significantly lower than that of fresh leaves in evergreen species (P < 0.05), but their N: P was not different between the two life-types, C ∶N, N ∶P, and C ∶P of litter leaves were all significantly larger than that of the fresh leaves, but there was no difference between the two different life forms. There was a significant positive correlation between the N and P contents in the fresh leaves of evergreen tree species and a significant positive correlation of the N and P contents in the litter leaves between evergreen and deciduous tree species(P < 0.05), but the slope of the correlation function was not significant (P = 0.60), with a value of 0.73, and the N content of the litter leaves was positively correlated with that of the fresh leaves, but the P content not. There was no significant difference in leaf N and P resorption efficiency between deciduous and evergreen tree species, and both had a higher P resorption efficiency. Conclusion: The contents of N and P in fresh leaves was significantly higher of deciduous than evergreen tree species. No significant differences in N and P nutrient resorption efficiency were found between the two different life forms. Life form has no effect on the slope of N and P correlation in the leaf litter between evergreen and deciduous tree species. There are significant differences in leaf nutrient contents between different life forms, different nutrient acquisition strategies exist for different life forms.

Key words: carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, subtropical forest, Tsuga Chinensis, major tree species, nutrient resorption efficiency

中图分类号:

S154.5

武盼盼,曾利剑,雷平,胡丹丹,李锦隆,王满堂,钟全林. 江西武夷山南方铁杉林主要树种叶片养分含量及再吸收效率[J]. 林业科学, 2022, 58(1): 12-21.

Panpan Wu,Lijian Zeng,Ping Lei,Dandan Hu,Jinlong Li,Mantang Wang,Quanlin Zhong. Content of Leaf Nutrients and Resorption Efficiency of Major Tree Species in Tsuga chinensis Forest in Wuyi Mountain, Jiangxi Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(1): 12-21.

图/表 5

表1

表2

武夷山南方铁杉林主要树种叶片养分含量①"

	项目Item	新鲜叶Fresh leaves			凋落叶Litter leaves
	项目Item	C	N	P	C	N	P
落叶树种 Deciduous tree species	天目紫茎Stewartia gemmata	457.25±6.23	17.15±1.06	0.87±0.05	444.00±2.17	8.70±0.45	0.34±0.02
	贵定桤叶树Clethra cavaleriei	463.15±8.09	19.58±2.35	0.97±0.08	465.18±1.64	11.68±0.36	0.28±0.04
	鸡爪槭Acer palmatum	471.18±11.48	19.10±1.44	0.99±0.13	465.32±5.30	10.03±0.60	0.28±0.03
	白蜡树Fraxinus chinensis	480.71±3.53	21.10±0.77	1.24±0.05	484.22±1.80	20.46±0.03	1.22±0.09
	豆梨Pyrus calleryana	477.75±4.50	17.32±2.09	0.93±0.13	470.05±4.44	10.44±1.25	0.52±0.07
	青榨槭Acer davidii	470.70±4.46	18.01±2.13	1.23±0.09	465.38±0.79	5.96±0.33	0.20±0.04
	白檀Symplocos paniculata	472.62±6.09	21.29±3.23	0.98±0.08	475.26±0.80	17.46±0.40	0.72±0.1

常绿树种 Evergreen tree species	青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca	484.83±9.99	17.04±2.93	0.73±0.11	494.61±10.3	15.57±0.18	0.64±0.04
	岩柃Eurya saxicola	459.55±4.26	12.66±0.93	0.53±0.05	446.39±0.24	5.83±0.07	0.21±0.09
	闵皖八角Illicium minwanense	488.30±10.96	17.81±1.26	1.07±0.11	503.26±5.87	13.97±2.42	0.69±0.32
	多脉青冈Cyclobalanopsis multinervis	501.92±6.34	21.32±2.34	1.09±0.18	500.81±1.8	15.65±2.48	0.49±0.06
	云锦杜鹃Rhododendron fortunei	482.71±4.32	13.02±1.67	0.73±0.08	472.84±7.91	11.08±1.13	0.67±0.05
	南方铁杉Tsuga chinensis	488.59±7.19	13.34±1.27	0.64±0.06	493.16±0.85	12.23±0.73	0.58±0.02
	鹿角杜鹃Rhododendron latoucheae	470.90±4.48	10.04±1.18	0.52±0.09	475.08±0.10	4.88±0.25	0.15±0.02
落叶树种均值 Mean value of deciduous tree specie		470.48±8.08a	19.08±1.69a	1.03±0.15a	467.06±12.33a	12.11±5.08a	0.51±0.36a
常绿树种均值 Mean value of evergreen tree species		482.40±12.62a	15.03±3.56b	0.75±0.22b	483.73±18.78a	11.31±4.08a	0.51±0.22a
总均值 Mean value of all tree specie		476.44±12.41A	17.05±3.54A	0.89±0.24A	475.40±18.30B	11.71±4.59B	0.49±0.30A

表2

表3

武夷山南方铁杉林主要树种养分化学计量比"

	项目Item	新鲜叶Fresh leaves			凋落叶Litter leaves
	项目Item	C∶N	C∶P	N∶P	C∶N	C∶P	N∶P
落叶树种 Deciduous tree species	天目紫茎Stewartia gemmata	26.80±2.08	527.93±40.70	19.72±0.76	51.16±2.47	1 297.41±71.16	25.35±0.43
	贵定桤叶树Clethra cavaleriei	23.98±2.67	478.75±32.29	20.23±2.71	39.85±1.05	1 683.51±246.52	42.24±5.98
	鸡爪槭Acer palmatum	24.83±2.33	484.27±81.21	19.43±1.90	46.57±2.97	1 704.75±198.52	37.02±6.53
	白蜡树Fraxinus chinensis	22.81±0.72	388.39±18.03	17.06±1.16	23.66±0.12	399.72±30.04	16.90±1.32
	豆梨Pyrus calleryana	27.99±3.32	525.06±75.51	18.82±1.99	45.59±4.95	916.54±119.46	20.07±0.83
	青榨槭Acer davidii	26.46±2.75	384.16±23.99	14.62±1.18	78.30±4.17	2 361.74±427.33	30.38±6.41
	白檀Symplocos paniculata	22.67±3.12	486.12±42.30	21.90±3.77	27.24±0.66	674.71±88.65	24.75±3.06

常绿树种 Evergreen tree species	青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca	29.39±5.44	674.24±96.70	23.33±3.50	31.78±0.89	773.21±31.62	24.37±1.75
	岩柃Eurya saxicola	36.51±2.92	875.65±83.08	24.21±3.42	76.61±0.87	2 750.02±1561.8	36.13±20.96
	闵皖八角Illicium minwanense	27.57±2.20	459.38±43.40	16.82±2.52	36.98±5.47	865.24±303.02	24.38±10.26
	多脉青冈Cyclobalanopsis multinervis	23.82±2.53	472.85±76.54	20.36±5.41	32.86±5.37	1 040.12±124.57	32.42±6.45
	云锦杜鹃Rhododendron fortunei	37.70±4.91	685.33±80.19	18.63±4.32	43.24±5.45	722.92±16.48	16.94±2.11
	南方铁杉Tsuga chinensis	37.01±3.91	768.59±72.38	20.87±1.79	40.46±2.39	848.77±27.68	21.08±1.77
	鹿角杜鹃Rhododendron latoucheae	47.46±4.63	939.25±174.09	20.20±5.23	97.65±5.10	3 217.18±334.94	32.87±2.01
落叶树种均值 Mean value of deciduous tree species		25.08±1.91b	467.81±54.67b	18.82±2.18a	44.63±16.67a	1 291.20±630.89a	28.10±8.40a
常绿树种均值 Mean value of evergreen tree species		34.21±7.33a	696.47±195.09a	20.63±4.51a	51.37±23.60a	1 440.05±1 212.1a	27.47±11.74a
总均值 Mean value of all tree species		29.64±7.04B	582.14±185.61B	19.73±3.94B	48.00±20.71A	1 361.90±967.31A	27.80±10.60A

表3

图1

图2

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生活型 Life form	树种 Tree species	密度 Density/hm^-2	平均胸径(地径) Mean DBH (ground diameter)/cm	平均树高 Mean tree height/m
落叶Deciduous	天目紫茎Stewartia gemmata	175	12.13±9.29	8.45±4.46
	贵定桤叶树Clethra cavaleriei	275	5.39±2.85	4.96±1.83
	鸡爪槭Acer palmatum	67	21.11±7.98	11.12±4.18
	白蜡树Fraxinus chinensis	42	8.75±6.51	6.99±3.92
	豆梨Pyrus calleryana	58	9.13±4.56	5.35±2.43
	青榨槭Acer davidii	33	11.44±9.98	3.96±0.92
	白檀Symplocos paniculata	308	7.81±4.53	5.88±2.29

常绿Evergreen	青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca	200	19.42±14.24	8.25±4.03
	岩柃Eurya saxicola	342	4.79±2.50	4.42±1.43
	闵皖八角Illicium minwanense	533	6.86±4.76	5.56±2.80
	多脉青冈Cyclobalanopsis multinervis	183	19.06±13.20	9.61±4.86
	云锦杜鹃Rhododendron fortunei	83	11.70±6.26	6.95±2.54
	南方铁杉Tsuga chinensis	283	32.58±21.40	16.52±8.46
	鹿角杜鹃Rhododendron latoucheae	167	5.53±3.74	4.90±1.72

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