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林业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (7): 101-110.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210711

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

华北落叶松林土壤细菌群落结构与表型的环境异质性响应

赵鹏宇1,白雪1,燕平梅1,赵晓东1,武晓英1,柴宝峰2,*   

  1. 1. 太原师范学院生物系 晋中 030619
    2. 山西大学黄土高原研究所 晋中 030006
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-17 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-09-02
  • 通讯作者: 柴宝峰
  • 基金资助:
    山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2020L0535)

Responses of Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Phenotype to Soil Heterogeneity in Larix principis-rupprechtii Forest

Pengyu Zhao1,Xue Bai1,Pingmei Yan1,Xiaodong Zhao1,Xiaoying Wu1,Baofeng Chai2,*   

  1. 1. Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University Jinzhong 030619
    2. Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006
  • Received:2020-09-17 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-09-02
  • Contact: Baofeng Chai

摘要:

目的: 研究华北落叶松林土壤微生物群落表型可塑性,揭示土壤微生物群落结构与表型之间的关联及其对环境异质性的响应,为阐释物种共存机制提供理论依据。方法: 在山西省五台山叶斗峰、关帝山庞泉沟自然保护区和芦芽山,沿海拔梯度选择华北落叶松纯林,布设8、10、5个样方,采集0~10 cm土层混合土壤样品。采用高通量测序方法,测定土壤微生物群落的组成和结构;通过BugBase分析,预测土壤微生物群落表型的变化;通过数据统计分析,揭示群落结构和表型对环境异质性的响应。结果: 五台山叶斗峰、关帝山庞泉沟自然保护区、芦芽山的较大海拔梯度及微生境差异,导致土壤化学性质的站点间显著差异。高通量测序结果表明,变形菌门的相对丰度最高,其次是酸杆菌门、放线菌门和绿弯菌门。菌群表型分析表明,与氧需求相关(需氧、厌氧)及与生物膜形成和移动元件含量相关的表型在不同站点差异显著,且细菌群落结构和表型具有潜在的环境适应一致性和相似的空间分布格局。土壤pH和有机碳、总碳和总氮含量对土壤细菌群落的结构和表型影响显著。结论: 华北落叶松林土壤微生物群落结构和表型受土壤理化性质的显著影响,在不同站点差异很大;但土壤微生物群落结构和表型的环境适应性具有一致性,呈现出协同变化规律,从而总体表现出相似的生物地理分布格局。微生物能通过调整其表型变化加强对环境异质性的适应性。

关键词: 微生物, 群落结构, 表型, 环境因子, 响应

Abstract:

Objective: This study investigated the phenotypic plasticity of soil microbial communities in Larix principis-rupprechtii forests in Shanxi Province to reveal the relationship between the structure and phenotype of the microbial community,and the response to environmental heterogeneity,so as to provide a theoretical basis for explaining the mechanism of species coexistence. Method: In Yedoufeng of Wutai Mountain,Pangquangou Nature Reserve of Guandi Mountain,and Luya Mountain,8,10,and 5 samples in the pure forest of Larix principis-rupprechtii were selected along the altitude gradient,respectively. The mixed soil samples of 0-10 cm soil layer in the forests were collected. The composition and structure of soil microbial community were determined by high-throughput sequencing. The change of soil microbial community phenotype was predicted by BugBase analysis. Through statistical analysis of data,the response mechanism of community structure and phenotype to environmental heterogeneity was revealed. Result: The results of this study showed that the large elevation gradients and micro-habitat differences in the Yedoufeng Mountain,Guandi Mountain Pangquangou Nature Reserve,and Luya Mountain led to significant differences in soil chemical properties among the sites. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was the highest,followed by Acidobacteria,Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi Bacteria. Phenotypic analysis of the floar showed that phenotypes related to oxygen demand (aerobic,anaerobic),biofilm formation and Mobile Element Containing were significantly different in different study sites. In addition,the structure and phenotype of bacterial communities had potential environmental adaptation consistency and similar spatial distribution patterns. Soil pH and organic carbon,total carbon and total nitrogen content had significant effects on soil bacterial community structure and phenotype. Conclusion: The structure and phenotype of the forest microbial community are significantly affected by the physicochemical properties of the soil,and there are great differences among different research sites,but the structure and phenotype of the soil microbial community are consistent in their environmental adaptability,showing a synergistic change law,so that the overall shows a similar biogeographic distribution pattern. Microorganisms can adjust their phenotypes to enhance their adaptability to environmental heterogeneity.

Key words: microorganism, community structure, phenotype, environmental factors, response

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